Kāhua Peita Hou me ngā Tikanga Whakaranu
I te ao toi ataahua, kua kitea ngā momo peita hou i te whanaketanga me te panoni nui i roto i ngā tekau tau kua pahure ake nei. Kei te rapu tonu ngā kaitoi o ēnei rā i ngā huarahi hou hei whakaatu i a rātou anō, ā, ko tētahi huarahi e piki haere ana te rongonui ko te whakamahi i ngā tikanga whakaranu. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka tūhuratia e tātou te ao whakamīharo o te peita tikanga whakaranu hou, me te matapaki i ōna takenga mai, ngā momo tikanga e whakamahia ana, me te take e tino paingia ai tēnei huarahi e te tini o ngā kaitoi me ngā kaiwhaiwhai toi.
Te Pūtake o te Peita Hangarau Whakaranu
Ehara te toi pāpāho whakauru i te ariā hou. Mai anō i ngā wā onamata, kua rapu huarahi ngā kaitoi ki te whakakotahi i ngā rauemi me ngā tikanga rerekē hei hanga i ngā mahi toi ahurei. Heoi anō, i tīmata te tere o te whanaketanga o ngā pāpāho whakauru e mōhiotia ana e tātou i ēnei rā i te rautau 20.
I tino awehia tēnei whanaketanga e ngā nekehanga toi hou pērā i a Dada me Surrealism, i whakatenatena i ngā kaitoi ki te tūhura i ngā rauemi me ngā huarahi hou. Ko ngā kaitoi pērā i a Pablo Picasso rāua ko Georges Braque, i rongonui mō tā rāua huarahi mahi toi whakapiripiri, ko rātou ngā paionia i te whakamahinga o ngā tikanga whakaranu. I whakakotahi rāua i ngā rauemi pērā i te pepa, te papanga, me te peita hei hanga i ngā mahi toi hou e wero ana i ngā tikanga tuku iho.
Te Tūhura i ngā Tikanga Whakaranu
He mutunga kore ngā mea ka taea e ngā kaitoi te whakamahi i ngā tikanga whakaranu o te peita. Anei ētahi tikanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā toi hou:
1. Whakaahua Kohinga
Ko te whakaahua tāpiri he tikanga e uru ana ki te hanga whakaahua mā te tāpiri i ngā rauemi pēnei i te pepa, te papanga, ētahi atu mea rānei ki tētahi kānawehi, ki tētahi mata pepa rānei. He maha ngā kaitoi, pērā i a Romare Bearden rāua ko Hannah Höch, kua waihanga i ngā mahi whakamiharo mā te whakamahi i tēnei tikanga. Mā te whakaahua tāpiri ka taea e rātou te hanga whakaahua whai kiko me te whai tikanga paparanga.
2. Huihuinga
He rite ki te mahi toi whakapiripiri, ko te mahi whakakotahi he whakamahi i ngā mea toru-ahu e piri ana, e whakaurua ana rānei ki roto i tētahi mahi toi. E mōhiotia ana ngā kaitoi pēnei i a Robert Rauschenberg mō te whakamahi i tēnei tikanga, e hanga ana i ngā mahi e kiia ana he ranunga o te whakairo me te peita. Mā te whakakotahi ka taea te whakauru i ngā mea o ia rā, ka hoatu he taha hou ki tētahi mahi toi.
3. Te whakapaipai i te kākahu
He rerekē tēnei tikanga i te mahi whakapiripiri, arā, te tango i ngā mea mai i tētahi mata hei hanga i tētahi ahua. He tikanga tēnei e whakamahia ana e ngā kaitoi pērā i a Mimmo Rotella rāua ko Jacques Villeglé, nā rāua i haehae ngā pānuitanga i te tiriti hei whakaatu i ngā paparanga o raro, hei hanga hoki i ngā mahi toi ahurei.
4. Encaustic
He tikanga tawhito te encaustic e whakamahi ana i te ware wera i konatunatua ki ngā tae hei hanga whakaahua. Ka taea te pani i te ware rewa ki te kānawehi me te whakarerekē hei hanga i ngā kakano me ngā tae ahurei. Kua tūhuratia e ngā kaitoi o ēnei rā, pērā i a Jasper Johns, ngā āheinga auaha e tukuna ana e tēnei tikanga.
5. Pāpāho Mamati
Nā te whanaketanga o te hangarau, kua noho te pāpāho matihiko hei wāhanga nui o ngā toi hou. Ka whakamahia e ngā kaitoi pērā i a David Hockney rāua ko Cory Arcangel ngā pūmanawa rorohiko me ngā taputapu matihiko hei waihanga i ngā mahi toi e neke atu ana i ngā rohe o te kānawehi tūturu. Mā ēnei tikanga ka taea te whakarerekē tika i ngā whakaahua, he mea uaua ki te whakatutuki mā ngā tikanga tuku iho.
He aha i ātaahua ai ngā Tikanga Whakaranu?
He maha ngā painga me ngā mea whakamīharo o te whakamahinga o ngā tikanga whakaranu i roto i te peita hou mō ngā kaitoi me ngā kaiwhaiwhai toi, tae atu ki:
1. Te Herekore Toi
Ko tētahi o ngā painga matua o ngā tikanga whakaranu ko te herekoretanga toi e tukuna ana e ia. Kāore ngā kaitoi e herea e ngā here o ngā rauemi, o ngā tikanga rānei. Ka taea e rātou te whakakotahi i ngā momo huānga hei waihanga i ngā mahi ahurei e whakaata ana i tā rātou ake tirohanga.
2. Te Whakapuakitanga Maha-ahu
Mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga whakaranu, ka taea e ngā kaitoi te tāpiri i ngā āhuatanga anō ki ā rātou mahi. Hei tauira, mā te mahi whakapiripiri me te mahi whakakotahi ka taea te whakamahi i ngā rauemi toru-ahu, ka tāpiri i te kakano me ngā paparanga ki te ahua. Ka taea e tēnei te hanga mahi toi hohonu ake, ātaahua ake hoki.
3. Te Whakamātautau me te Auahatanga
Mā ngā tikanga whakaranu ka akiaki i ngā kaitoi ki te whakamātau me te auaha. Ka taea e rātou te whakamātau i ngā huinga rauemi me ngā tikanga rerekē hei kimi i ngā huarahi hou kāore pea i whakaarohia e rātou i mua. He maha ngā wā ka puta mai i tēnei tukanga he mahi hou, he mahi taketake hoki.
4. Te Whakamahinga o ngā Rauemi Hangarua
I tēnei wā o te aro nui ki te taiao, he maha ngā kaitoi o ēnei rā e whakamahi ana i ngā rauemi hangarua, i ngā rauemi kitea rānei i roto i ā rātou mahi. Ehara i te mea ka whakaiti noa i te para, engari ka tukuna hoki he karere kaha mō te oranga tonutanga me te aro nui ki te taiao.
Ngā Tauira o ngā Toi me ngā Mahi Rongonui
He maha ngā kaitoi rongonui kua waiho i ō rātou tohu ki te ao toi hou mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga whakaranu. Anei ētahi tauira whakahihiri:
1. Pablo Picasso rāua ko Georges Braque
Ko ēnei kaitoi tokorua ngā paionia i te whakamahinga o ngā tikanga whakairo whakapiripiri, ā, e kiia ana ko rāua ngā matua o ngā toi hou. Ko ā rāua mahi toi, pērā i te "Still Life with Chair Caning" a Picasso, e whakaatu ana i te whakamahinga o te whakairo whakapiripiri hei hanga whakaahua e wero ana i ngā tirohanga tuku iho.
2. Robert Rauschenberg
Ko Rauschenberg tētahi o ngā kaitoi rongonui i whakamahi i te tikanga whakahiato. Ko āna mahi toi, pērā i te "Monogram," e whakakotahi ana i ngā taonga o ia rā pērā i ngā whakaahua, ngā papanga, me ētahi atu taonga hei hanga whakaahua whai tikanga.
3. Rawiri Hōki
Kua whakamahia e tēnei kaitoi Piritana ngā pāpāho matihiko hei waihanga i ngā mahi whakamiharo. E whakaatu ana te raupapa "The Yosemite Suite" a Hockney me pēhea te whakamahi i te hangarau hei whakakotahi i ngā āhuatanga tuku iho o te peita me ngā taputapu matihiko hou.
4. Banksy
He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e tēnei kaitoi tiriti rongonui ngā tikanga whakaranu i roto i āna mahi. Hei tauira, i roto i te "Girl with Balloon," ka whakakotahi a Banksy i ngā tauira me te peita rehu me ngā huānga toru-ahu hei hanga i tētahi ahua kaha, rongonui hoki.
Whakamutunga
Mā ngā momo peita hangarau-whakaranu hou ka tukuna ki ngā kaitoi he mutunga kore o ngā huarahi hei whakamātautau me te whakapuaki i a rātou anō. Mā te whakamahi i ngā momo rauemi me ngā tikanga, ka taea e ngā kaitoi te waihanga i ngā mahi ahurei, hohonu, ā, he maha ngā wā ka whakaoho whakaaro.
Mai i te mahi whakapiripiri ki te mahi pāpāho matihiko, he āhua motuhake, he āhua ataahua anō hoki tō ia tikanga pāpāho whakauru. I tēnei wā e whakanuia ana te auahatanga me te herekoretanga toi, ka taea e ngā tikanga pāpāho whakauru ngā kaitoi te pana tonu i ngā rohe me te waihanga i ngā mahi toi hei whakahihiko i te ao.
Mō te hunga e aroha ana ki ngā mahi toi, mā ngā mahi toi e whakamahi ana i ngā tikanga whakaranu ka taea te wheako i ngā mahi toi i ngā whānuitanga me ngā paparanga maha. Ka taea e rātou te kite, te rongo, me te whakaaroaro ki te tikanga kei muri i ngā rauemi i whakamahia me ngā tikanga auaha i whakamahia.
Nō reira, ko ngā momo peita hou me ngā tikanga whakaranu ehara i te mea ka whakarei ake i te ao toi ataahua anake, engari ka whakahihiko hoki i a tātou kia kite i te ao i tētahi huarahi hou, auaha ake.
