Ojiji nke Ntinye Electromagnetic na Teknụzụ nke Oge A
Ntinye ike eletriki bụ ihe a na-ahụ anya nke Michael Faraday chọpụtara na 1831, ebe ikuku magnet na-agbanwe agbanwe na-emepụta ike electromotive (EMF) n'ime onye na-eduzi ya. Ụkpụrụ a na-akwado ọtụtụ ihe ọhụrụ teknụzụ anyị na-eji kwa ụbọchị, site na jenereta eletriki ruo na ngwaọrụ eletrọniki. Isiokwu a ga-enyocha ojiji dị iche iche nke ntinye ike eletriki na teknụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ, kọwaa otu o si arụ ọrụ, na ihe kpatara ihe a ji dị oke mkpa maka ọganihu teknụzụ.
Ụkpụrụ nke Ntinye Electromagnetic
Enwere ike ịkọwa mmepụta elektrọnik site na iwu Faraday na iwu Lenz. Iwu Faraday na-ekwu na emf nke a na-akpali n'ime ihe na-eduzi ya kwekọrọ kpọmkwem na ọnụego mgbanwe nke ihe na-akpali site na ya. Iwu Lenz na-ekwukwa na ntụziaka nke ihe na-akpali ga-emegide mgbanwe na ihe na-akpali site ...
N'ime mgbakọ na mwepụ, enwere ike ịkọwa emf nke e tinyere n'ime ya (\(\mathcal{E}\)) dị ka:
\[ \mathcal {E} = -\frac{d\Phi_B}{dt} \]
Ebe:
– \(\Phi_B\) bụ mgbanwe magnet,
– \(d\Phi_B/dt\) bụ ọnụego mgbanwe nke mmiri ndọta.
Ngwa na Teknụzụ nke Oge A
1. Jenerato Eletriki
Igwe ọkụ eletrik bụ otu n'ime ngwa kachasị mkpa na nke kachasị mkpa nke induction electromagnetic. Igwe ọkụ eletrik na-agbanwe ike igwe ka ọ bụrụ ike eletriki site na iji ụkpụrụ nke induction electromagnetic.
N'ime jenereta, ebe ndọta na-agbagharị gburugburu waya, ma ọ bụ eriri ahụ na-agbagharị n'ime ebe ndọta. Mmiri ndọta na-agbanwe agbanwe mgbe niile site na eriri ahụ na-emepụta emf, nke na-emepụta ọkụ eletrik. A na-eji jenereta eme ihe na ebe ọkụ eletrik iji mepụta ọkụ eletrik anyị na-eji kwa ụbọchị.
2. Ngbanwe
Transformer bụ ngwaọrụ eji agbanwe voltaji nke alternating current (AC) na sistemụ ike eletrik. O nwere eriri waya abụọ (isi eriri na eriri nke abụọ) nke isi magnet jikọtara.
Ọkụ eletrik na-agbanwe agbanwe na kọlụm mbụ na-emepụta oghere magnet na-agbanwe agbanwe, nke na-akpali emf na kọlụm nke abụọ dịka iwu Faraday si dị. Oke nke ọnụọgụ ntụgharị dị n'etiti kọlụm mbụ na nke abụọ na-ekpebi oke mgbanwe voltaji. Transformers dị mkpa na nkesa ọkụ eletrik, na-enye ohere ka a kwalite voltaji maka nnyefe dị anya ma belata maka ojiji dị mma n'ụlọ na ụlọ ọrụ.
3. Moto eletriki
Moto eletriki na-arụ ọrụ n'ụzọ dị iche na jenereta. N'ime moto, ọkụ eletrik na-agafe na coil dị n'ọhịa magnet, na-emepụta ike mekaniki site na iwu Lorentz, nke na-eme ka coil ahụ na-agbagharị. A na-eji moto eletriki eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ụzọ dị iche iche, site na fan ruo na ụgbọala eletrik.
4. Induktor
Inductor bụ ihe eletrọniki e mere ka o nwee induction kpọmkwem ma jiri ya chekwaa ike n'ime ebe ndọta. A na-ejikarị ha eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na sekit eletrọniki, dị ka nzacha, oscillators, na ndị na-achịkwa voltaji. Na nzacha, inductor na-arụkọ ọrụ na capacitors iji wepụ ụfọdụ ugboro site na mgbaàmà eletriki.
5. Ihe na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ
Igwe ọkụ induction na-eji ụkpụrụ nke induction electromagnetic iji kpoo ihe ndị na-eduzi ọkụ. Mmiri ọkụ ndị ọzọ na-agafe na induction coil na-emepụta mpaghara magnet na-agbanwe agbanwe, nke na-akpalite mmiri ọkụ n'ime ihe ọkụ ahụ. Mmiri ọkụ ndị a na-emepụta okpomọkụ n'ihi iguzogide ihe ahụ. A na-eji ihe ọkụ ọkụ induction eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ, gụnyere ịgbado ọkụ, ịgbaze ígwè, na usoro mmepụta ihe ndị ọzọ.
6. Ihe mmetụta na ihe ndị na-agbanwe ihe
Ihe mmetụta na ihe ntụgharị na-ejikarị ụkpụrụ nke induction electromagnetic achọpụta mgbanwe na gburugburu ebe obibi. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ihe mmetụta ọnọdụ linear na rotary na-eji coils na magnets achọpụta mmegharị na ọnọdụ site na ịtụ mgbanwe na flux magnet. A na-eji teknụzụ a na sistemụ ịnyagharị, njikwa usoro ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, na ngwaọrụ ahụike.
7. Ngwaọrụ Ịtụle Ọkụ Eletriki
Ngwaọrụ nha eletriki dịka galvanometers na wattmeters na-eji ụkpụrụ nke induction electromagnetic tụọ ọkụ eletrik na voltaji. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, galvanometer na-eji coil na-agagharị n'ọhịa magnet; ọkụ eletrik a na-akpali akpali na-emepụta torque nke na-eme ka ihe ntụaka na-agagharị, na-enye ohere maka nha ọkụ eletrik nke ọma.
8. Teknụzụ ikuku
Teknụzụ ikuku, gụnyere chaja ikuku na nkwukọrịta ikuku, na-ejikwa induction elektrọnik. Chaja ikuku na-arụ ọrụ site n'ịkpalite ọkụ eletrik na ngwaọrụ nnata site na mpaghara magnet nke ọdụ chaja na-emepụta. Nke a na-enye ohere maka chaja batrị na-enweghị njikọ anụ ahụ, dịka a na-eji na ekwentị mkpanaaka na ngwaọrụ ndị a na-eyi.
9. Ụgbọ okporo ígwè Maglev
Ụgbọ oloko Maglev (magnetic levitation) na-eji ụkpụrụ nke induction electromagnetic eme ihe iji bulie ma na-agagharị na-enweghị njikọ anụ ahụ na okporo ụzọ. Ọdụ magnetik nke coils electromagnetic na-emepụta na ụgbọ okporo ígwè na okporo ụzọ na-emepụta ike ibuli elu nke na-ejide ụgbọ okporo ígwè ahụ n'elu okporo ụzọ, na-ebelata esemokwu ma na-eme ka ọsọ dị elu na arụmọrụ ike ka mma.
10. MRI (Ihe ngosi Resonance Magnetic)
MRI bụ teknụzụ ahụike nke na-eji ụkpụrụ nke induction electromagnetic emepụta onyonyo zuru ezu nke nhazi ime ahụ. A na-eji ike magnetik na ebili redio siri ike iji kpalie atọm hydrogen n'ime ahụ, na-emepụta ihe mgbaàmà nke kọmputa na-agbanwe ghọọ onyonyo. MRI bụ ngwa nchọpụta dị mkpa na ọgwụ ọgbara ọhụrụ.
Uru na Ihe Ịma Aka nke Ntinye Elektrọnik
Keuntungan
1. Ike Dị Mma: Teknụzụ ndị dabere na induction elektrọnik na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma n'ịtụgharị ike site n'otu ụdị gaa na nke ọzọ.
2. Ntụkwasị Obi: A maara ihe ndị dị ka moto na transformers dabere na electromagnetic induction maka ntụkwasị obi ha na ogologo ndụ ha.
3. Ọsọ: Teknụzụ dịka ụgbọ okporo ígwè maglev na chaja ikuku na-eme ka ọrụ ọsọ dị elu na mfe karịa.
Ihe ịma aka
1. Mfu Ike: Mmegharị elektrọnik nwere ike ibute mfu ike n'ụdị okpomọkụ, nke chọrọ njikwa okpomọkụ dị irè.
2. Mgbochi Elektrọnik: Ngwaọrụ ndị dabere na induction elektrọnik nwere ike ịkpata nnyonye anya elektrọnik nke na-emetụta arụmọrụ nke ngwaọrụ elektrọnik ndị ọzọ.
3. Ọnụ ego: Ụfọdụ teknụzụ dabere na induction, dịka ụgbọ oloko maglev na MRI, chọrọ nnukwu itinye ego mbụ na akụrụngwa na akụrụngwa.
Mmechi
Ntinye ike eletriki bụ ihe dị oke mkpa nke anụ ahụ nke nwere ọtụtụ ojiji na teknụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ. Site na ihe ndị na-emepụta ike na transformers ruo na moto eletriki na sensọ, ụkpụrụ a bụ isi ihe dị mkpa maka ọtụtụ ihe ọhụrụ anyị na-adabere na ya kwa ụbọchị. N'agbanyeghị ihe ịma aka dịka mfu ike na nnyonye anya electromagnetic, uru nke teknụzụ dabere na ntinye ike electromagnetic na-eme ka ha bụrụ akụkụ dị mkpa na mmepe teknụzụ n'ọdịnihu. Nghọta miri emi nke ntinye ike electromagnetic ga-anọgide na-akwalite ihe ọhụrụ na nchọpụta ọhụrụ n'ọtụtụ ngalaba sayensị na injinia.
