Ọdụ ọkụ eletrik n'ihi otu chajị
Iji gbakọọ ubi eletriki Site na otu chajị dị mma, nzọụkwụ mbụ bụ ịhọrọ elu Gaussian gbara okirikiri nke radius r ebe etiti nke sphere dị na chajị otu. Mpaghara elu nke sphere ahụ bụ 4.r2.
Ọdụ eletriki nke si n'etiti bọọlụ ahụ pụta na-abanye n'akụkụ n'elu bọọlụ ahụ ka usoro ọkụ eletrik ahụ wee bụrụ Φ = E A. Usoro maka iwu Gauss bụ Φ = Q / ε o
Ọdụ eletriki dị n'otu ebe dị anya site na otu chaja bụ:
Nkọwa: E = ubi eletriki, k = Coulomb's constant (9 x 109 nm2/C2), Q = chajị ọkụ eletrik, r = anya site na chajị ọkụ eletrik
Nke a bụ usoro maka ọkụ eletrik nke chajị ọkụ eletrik mepụtara. Enwere ike iji iwu Coulomb nweta usoro a.
Ọdụ eletriki dị n'ime na n'èzí, okirikiri siri ike nke ejiri ọkụ eletrik chajị otu otu
Mpaghara siri ike nke nwere chajị eletriki dị otu ma ọ bụ nke otu nwere chajị eletriki nwere chajị zuru oke Q, olu V = 4/3 π R 3 na njupụta chajị dị na okirikiri siri ike bụ ρ = Q/V. Chọpụta ike ubi eletriki n'ime okirikiri na n'èzí okirikiri ahụ.
a) Ọdụ eletriki dị n'ime bọọlụ siri ike
Oghere siri ike ahụ nwere radius R, ebe elu Gaussian ahọpụtara bụ okirikiri radius r, ebe r < R. Olu nke okirikiri siri ike bụ V na olu nke okirikiri Gaussian bụ V'.
Ego eletriki dị n'ime oghere Gauss bụ:
Ọdụ eletriki nke si n'etiti bọọlụ ahụ pụta na-abanye n'akụkụ n'elu bọọlụ ahụ ka usoro maka mmụba eletrik wee dị Φ = E A. Usoro iwu Gauss bụ Φ = Q / εo
Ọdụ eletriki dị n'ebe dị anya site na etiti okirikiri siri ike bụ:
Dabere na usoro dị n'elu, oghere eletriki (E) kwekọrọ na chajị eletriki (Q) na radius nke elu Gaussian (r), nke na-agbanwe agbanwe na cube nke radius nke okirikiri siri ike (R3 ).
b) Ọdụ eletriki dị n'èzí okirikiri siri ike
Mpaghara siri ike nwere radius R ebe elu Gaussian gbara okirikiri nwere radius r, ebe r > R. Ihe na-ebu ibu nke okirikiri siri ike bụ Q; oghere siri ike dị n'ime oghere Gaussian yabụ chajị eletrik dị n'ime oghere Gaussian bụ Q.
Ọgba eletriki ahụ na-esi n'etiti bọọlụ ahụ apụta ma na-abanye n'akụkụ ruo n'elu bọọlụ ahụ ka usoro ọkụ eletrik ahụ wee bụrụ Φ = E A. Usoro maka iwu Gauss bụ Φ = Q / ε o
Ọdụ eletriki dị n'ebe dị anya site na etiti okirikiri siri ike bụ:
Ọdụ eletriki dị n'ime na n'èzí shei nke oghere oghere dị n'otu nke ejiri ọkụ eletrik chajị
Oghere oghere nwere radius R na olu V = 4/3 π R 3 , nwere chajị eletriki dị mma n'ime shei ya yana chajị zuru oke nke Q. Chọpụta ike ubi eletrik n'ime na n'èzí shei nke speel ahụ.
a) Ọdụ eletriki dị n'ime oghere oghere
Ya mere, a na-eji chajị eletriki eme ihe n'elu okirikiri ahụ, ebe ọ dịghị chajị eletriki n'ime okirikiri ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na elu Gaussian ahọpụtara bụ okirikiri, oghere Gaussian dịkwa n'ime okirikiri ahụ nwere oghere, mgbe ahụ enweghị chajị eletriki n'ime okirikiri Gaussian. Chajị eletriki ahụ bụ efu, yabụ oghere eletriki ahụ bụkwa efu. Ya mere, oghere eletriki dị n'ime okirikiri ahụ nwere oghere bụ efu.
b) Ọdụ eletriki dị n'èzí oghere oghere ahụ
Oghere oghere ahụ nwere radius R, ebe elu Gaussian ahọpụtara bụ okirikiri nwere radius r, ebe r > R.
Ọdụ eletriki nke si n'etiti bọọlụ ahụ pụta na-abanye n'akụkụ ruo n'elu bọọlụ ahụ ka usoro ọkụ eletrik ahụ wee bụrụ Φ = EA = E 4π r 2. Usoro iwu Gauss bụ Φ = Q / ε o.
Ọdụ eletriki dị n'ebe dị anya site na etiti oghere ahụ bụ:
Ọdụ eletriki dị nso na waya dị gịrịgịrị nke ejiri ọkụ eletrik chajịa
Waya dị gịrịgịrị nke ogologo ya na-enweghị njedebe na-ebu chajị eletriki dị mma nke nwere njupụta chajị nke λ . Chajị eletriki dị na waya ahụ bụ Q = λl. Chọpụta ike ubi eletrik gburugburu waya dị gịrịgịrị.
A na-ahọrọ elu Gaussian ka ọ bụrụ cylindrical nwere ogologo l na radius r. E nwere ụdị elu abụọ, ya bụ elu gburugburu nwere radius r dị na nsọtụ abụọ nke silinda ahụ (mpaghara elu ya bụ .r2) na elu dị ka cylindrical nwere ogologo l (mpaghara elu ya bụ 2πr l).
Chajị eletriki ahụ dị mma, ya mere ọkụ eletrik ahụ na-esi na waya ahụ pụta n'akụkụ elu nke ọkpọkọ ahụ ka ọkụ eletrik ahụ wee nwee uru nke Φ = EA = E 2πr l . N'aka nke ọzọ, ọkụ eletrik ahụ yiri nsọtụ abụọ nke ọkpọkọ ahụ n'ụdị okirikiri ka ọkụ eletrik ahụ wee nwee uru nke efu.
Ọdụ eletriki dị n'ebe dị anya site na waya ahụ bụ:
