Otu Sistemụ Ngụkọta Nri Si Achịkọta Nri
Ahụ́ agaghị eji nri anyị na-eri kwa ụbọchị mee ihe ozugbo. A ga-ebu ụzọ kewaa ihe ndị dị na nri ka ha dị mfe tupu e tinye ha ma jiri ha mee ihe. Usoro nri anyị na-eme nke a dị mgbagwoju anya ma dị mgbagwoju anya.
Okwu Mmalite nke Sistemụ Iri Nri
Sistemụ nri mmadụ nwere akụkụ nri na akụkụ ahụ ndị ọzọ na-enyere aka na nri. Akụkụ nri ahụ gụnyere ọnụ, esophagus, afọ, obere eriri afọ, nnukwu eriri afọ, rectum, na anus. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, akụkụ ahụ ndị ọzọ gụnyere gland mmiri, imeju, pancreas, na gallbladder. Akụkụ ọ bụla na-emekọrịta ihe ma na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ iji gbajie nri ma na-amịkọrọ ihe oriri.
Usoro nri
1. Ọnụ: Mmalite nke Usoro Ngụkọta Nri
Usoro nri na-amalite n'ọnụ. Mgbe nri batara n'ọnụ, ezé na-esonye na usoro ịta nri, nke a maara dị ka mgbaze ígwè. Ịta nri na-agbaji nri n'ime obere iberibe, na-eme ka ebe dị elu dịkwuo elu maka mgbaze ngwa ngwa site na enzymes.
Ihe ọzọ bụ na glands nke na-amịpụta mmiri mmiri na-emepụta mmiri mmiri, nke na-eme ka nri dị nro ma na-eme ka ọ dị nro. Nnu mmiri nwekwara enzyme amylase, nke na-amalite imebi carbohydrates dị mgbagwoju anya ka ọ bụrụ shuga dị mfe, dị ka maltose.
2. Esophagus: Ụzọ gaa n'afọ
Mgbe a tachara ya ma gwakọta ya na ọnụ mmiri, nri na-agbanwe ghọọ bolus ma loda ya. Bolus ahụ na-agafe n'ime esophagus site na peristalsis, nke bụ mkpụkọ akwara nke na-akpali nri gaa n'afọ. Peristalsis dị oke mkpa n'ihi na ọ na-ekwe ka nri na-agagharị megide ike ndọda.
3. Afọ: Mmiri ọgwụ na-amalite
Afọ bụ akpa akwara nke na-echekwa ma na-agwakọta nri. N'ebe a, nri na-agbari kemịkalụ siri ike karị. Mkpụrụ ndụ parietal nke afọ na-emepụta hydrochloric acid (HCl), nke na-emepụta gburugburu acidic nwere obere pH, nke na-enyere aka igbu nje bacteria ma na-eme ka pepsinogen ghọọ pepsin, enzyme nke na-agbaji protein ka ọ bụrụ peptides.
E wezụga pepsin, mgbidi afọ na-ewepụtakwa lipase gastric iji gbarie abụba na imi iji chebe mgbidi afọ site na mmetụta ọjọọ nke HCl acid.
4. Obere eriri afọ: Ntinye ihe oriri
Nri na-esi n'afọ apụta na-abanye n'ime obere eriri afọ dị ka mmiri mmiri dị oke arọ a na-akpọ chyme. Obere eriri afọ nwere akụkụ atọ bụ isi: duodenum, jejunum, na ileum. Duodenum bụ ebe mbụ chyme na-agwakọta na bile sitere na gallbladder na enzymes nri sitere na pancreas.
Bile, nke imeju na-emepụta ma chekwaa na gallbladder, na-enyere aka n'iwepụta abụba, na-agbanwe nnukwu molekul abụba ka ọ bụrụ nke a na-ahụ anya nke lipase nwere ike ịgbari ngwa ngwa. Ka ọ dịgodị, ihe ọṅụṅụ pancreatic nwere ọtụtụ enzymes dị ka amylase, lipase, na protease, nke na-agbari carbohydrates, abụba, na protein.
Mkpụrụ ndụ nke obere eriri afọ nwere microvilli na villi ndị na-eme ka akụkụ elu eriri afọ dịkwuo elu, na-enye ohere maka ịmịkọrọ ihe oriri nke ọma. Site na nke ahụ, a na-abanye glucose, amino acid, fatty acids, na glycerol n'ime ọbara maka ikesa n'ahụ niile.
5. Nnukwu eriri afọ: Mmiri na nhazi oche
Ihe mkpofu nri nke obere eriri afọ na-anaghị abanye na-abanye na nnukwu eriri afọ. Ọrụ bụ́ isi nke nnukwu eriri afọ bụ ịmịkọrọ mmiri na electrolytes na ịmepụta nsị. Nnukwu eriri afọ nwekwara eriri afọ, ma ọ bụ microbiota, nke na-agbaze ihe mkpofu nri na-adịghị agbaze ma na-emepụta vitamin K na ọtụtụ vitamin B.
6. Rektọ na Anus: Mmịpụta
Mgbe mmiri mịkọrọ, nri fọdụrụnụ na-aghọ nsị ma na-echekwa ya n'ime akpa ume ruo mgbe ọ ga-esi n'ime akpa ume pụta n'oge a na-agbapụta ya.
Ọrụ nke Akụkụ Ihe Ndị Dị Mkpa na Ngụkọta Nri
1. Akụkụ afọ: Na-emepụta ọnụ mmiri nke na-enyere aka ịta na ilo ma nwee enzyme amylase iji gbajie carbohydrates.
2. Imeju: Na-emepụta bile nke dị mkpa maka emulsification abụba.
3. Ntutu afọ: Na-echekwa ma na-ewepụta mmiri ara ehi n'ime duodenum mgbe ọ dị mkpa.
4. Pancreas: Na-emepụta ihe ọṅụṅụ pancreatic nke bara ụba na enzymes maka ịgbari carbohydrates, protein na abụba yana bicarbonate iji mee ka acid afọ ghara ịdị.
Mmechi
Usoro nri bụ usoro dị mgbagwoju anya nke gụnyere akụkụ ahụ na enzymes dị iche iche iji kewaa nri ka ọ bụrụ ihe oriri a na-amịkọrọ amị. Site n'ọnụ ruo na ike, usoro ọ bụla nwere ọrụ pụrụ iche nke dị mkpa iji hụ na ahụ anyị na-enweta ihe oriri niile dị ha mkpa iji rụọ ọrụ nke ọma. Site n'ịghọta otú usoro nri si arụ ọrụ, anyị nwere ike ịghọta nke ọma mkpa nri dị mma na ịnọgide na-enwe ahụike nri kwesịrị ekwesị.
