Ihe atụ 9 nke ajụjụ gbasara sekit eletriki kpọmkwem
1. Lee foto nke nhazi nke resistors dị n'okpuru! kut arus site na R1 bụ…
A. 2,0 Ampere
B. 2,5 Amperes
C. 4,0 Amperes
D. 4,5 Amperes
E. 5,0 Ampere
Mkparịta ụka
A maara :
Resistor 1 (R)1) = 4 Ω
Resistor 2 (R)2) = 4 Ω
Resistor 3 (R)3) = 8 Ω
Voltaji eletriki (V) = Voltaji iri na isii
A jụrụ : Ugbu a ruo R1
Jawab :
Ọkụ eletrik na-esi n'ike dị elu gaa n'ike dị ala. Ụzọ nke ọkụ eletrik dị na sekit dị n'elu bụ otu ihe ahụ dị ka ụzọ aka elekere.
Ọkụ na-esi na batrị ahụ apụta
Buru ụzọ gbakọọ ihe nnọchi resistor (R). Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, gbakọọ ugbu a site na iji usoro ahụ. Iwu Ohm :
V = IR ma ọ bụ I = V / R
Nkọwa usoro: V = voltaji, I = ugbu a, R = ihe nnọchi resistor
Ihe nnọchi anya:
Hitung eguzogide nnọchi maka sekit dị n'elu.
Nguzogide R1 na ihe mgbochi R2 E doziri ya n'otu oge. Ihe nnọchi resistor bụ:
1 / R12 = 1/R1 +1/R2 = 1/4 + 1/4 = 2/4
R12 = 4/2 = 2 Ω
Nguzogide R12 na ihe mgbochi R3 E doziri ya n'usoro. Ihe nnọchi resistor bụ:
R= R12 + R3 = 2 + 8 = 10 Ω
Ọkụ na-esi na batrị ahụ apụta :
I = V / R = 40 / 10 = Amperes 4
Ọkụ eletrik nke na-esi na batrị apụta bụ 4 amperes.
Voltaji eletriki Vab na Vbc
Iwu Mbụ nke Kirchhoff na-ekwu na ọnụọgụ ọkụ eletrik na-abanye n'alaka ahụ bụ otu ihe ahụ na ọnụọgụ ọkụ eletrik na-apụ n'alaka ahụ. Dabere na iwu mbụ nke Kirchhoff, a na-ekwu na ọ bụrụ na ọkụ eletrik na-esi na batrị apụta bụ Amperes 4, mgbe ahụ ọkụ eletrik na-agafe ab bụ otu ihe ahụ dị ka Amperes 4, otu ihe ahụkwa bụ ọkụ eletrik na-agafe bc bụ Amperes 4.
Voltaji eletriki Vab :
Vab = Mab Rab = (4)(2) = Volt 8
Voltaji eletriki Vbc :
Vbc = Mbc Rbc = (4)(8) = Volt 32
A haziri sekit dị n'elu n'usoro ka voltaji eletriki niile wee bụrụ V = Vab +Vbc = Volt 8 + Volt 32 = Volt 40.
Ọkụ eletrik na-agafe R1 = 4 Ω
I1 = Vab /r1 = Volt 8 / Ohms 4 = Amps 2
I2 = Vab /r2 = Volt 8 / Ohms 4 = Amps 2
Ọkụ eletrik nke na-esi na batrị apụta bụ Amperes anọ. Mgbe ọ ruru ebe a, ọkụ eletrik ahụ na-ekewa abụọ, Amperes 2 na-agafe na resistor R.1 na ọkụ eletrik nke 2 Amperes na-agafe na resistor R2. 2 Amperes + 2 Amperes = Amperes 4. Nke a kwekọrọ na iwu mbụ nke Kirchhoff.
Azịza ziri ezi bụ A.
2. Tụlee sekit eletriki a. Oke nke ọkụ eletrik na-agafe na resistor 4 Ω bụ…
A. 1,0 A
B. 1,2 A
C. 1,6 A
D. 2,4 A
E. 3,2 A
Mkparịta ụka
A maara :
Resistor 1 (R)1) = 6 Ω
Resistor 2 (R)2) = 4 Ω
Resistor 3 (R)3) = 1,6 Ω
Voltaji eletriki (V) = Voltaji iri na isii
A jụrụ Ọkụ ọkụ na-agafe na resistor 4 Ω
Jawab :
Ọkụ eletrik na-esi n'ike dị elu gaa n'ike dị ala. Ụzọ nke ọkụ eletrik dị na sekit dị n'elu bụ otu ihe ahụ dị ka ụzọ aka elekere.
Ọkụ na-esi na batrị ahụ apụta
Ihe nnọchi anya:
Nguzogide R1 na ihe mgbochi R2 E doziri ya n'otu oge. Ihe nnọchi resistor bụ:
1 / R12 = 1/R1 +1/R2 = 1/6 + 1/4 = 2/12 + 3/12 = 5/12
R12 = 12/5 = 2,4 Ω
Nguzogide R12 na ihe mgbochi R3 E doziri ya n'usoro. Ihe nnọchi resistor bụ:
R= R12 + R3 = 2,4 + 1,6 = 4 Ω
Ọkụ na-esi na batrị ahụ apụta :
I = V / R = 16 / 4 = Amperes 4
Ọkụ eletrik nke na-esi na batrị apụta bụ 4 amperes.
Voltaji eletriki Vab na Vbc
Dabere na iwu mbụ nke Kirchhoff, a na-ekwu na ọ bụrụ na ọkụ eletrik na-esi na batrị apụta bụ Amperes 4, mgbe ahụ ọkụ eletrik na-agafe ab bụ otu ihe ahụ dị ka Amperes 4, otu ihe ahụkwa bụ ọkụ eletrik na-agafe bc bụ Amperes 4.
Voltaji eletriki Vab :
Vab = Mab Rab = (4)(2,4) = Volt 9,6
Voltaji eletriki Vbc :
Vbc = Mbc Rbc = (4)(1,6) = Volt 6,4
A haziri sekit dị n'elu n'usoro ka voltaji eletriki niile wee bụrụ V = Vab +Vbc = Volt 9,6 + Volt 6,4 = Volt 16.
Ọkụ eletrik na-agafe R2 = 4 Ω
I1 = Vab /r1 = Volt 9,6 / Ohms 6 = Amps 1,6
I2 = Vab /r2 = Volt 9,6 / Ohms 4 = Amps 2,4
Ọkụ eletrik nke na-esi na batrị apụta bụ Amperes anọ. Mgbe ọ ruru ebe a, ọkụ eletrik ahụ na-ekewa abụọ, Amperes 1,6 na-agafe na resistor R.1 na ọkụ eletrik nke 2,4 Amperes na-agafe na resistor R2. 1,6 Amperes + 2,4 Amperes = Amperes 4. Nke a kwekọrọ na iwu mbụ nke Kirchhoff.
Azịza ziri ezi bụ D.
3. 
Lezienụ anya na sekit eletriki na-esote!
Ọ bụrụ na ejiri ihe mgbochi 7 Ohm dochie ihe mgbochi 5 Ohm dị na sekit ahụ, mgbe ahụ oke nke ọkụ eletrik niile na-asọfe na sekit ahụ tupu na mgbe nnọchi ahụ gasịrị bụ...
Mkparịta ụka
E jikọtara resistor 6 Ohm na resistor 6 Ohm n'otu oge. Resistor ndị yiri ya bụ:
1 / RAB = 1/6 + 1/6 = 2/6
RAB = 6/2 = 3 Ohms
Tinye iwu nke abụọ nke Kirchhoff na sekit ahụ, ọ bụrụ na nguzogide ahụ = 5 Ohm:
Họrọ ntụziaka dị ugbu a n'akụkụ aka nri.
12 – 5I – 4 – 3I = 0
12 – 4 – 5I – 3I = 0
8 – 8I = 0
8 = 8I
M = 8/8
I = 1 Ampere
A na-akara m akara dị mma, nke pụtara na ntụziaka nke ọkụ eletrik ahụ dị ka nhọrọ si dị, ya bụ, n'akụkụ elekere.
Tinye iwu nke abụọ nke Kirchhoff na sekit ahụ, ọ bụrụ na nguzogide ahụ = 7 Ohm:
Họrọ ntụziaka dị ugbu a n'akụkụ aka nri.
12 – 7I – 4 – 3I = 0
12 – 4 – 7I – 3I = 0
8 – 10I = 0
8 = 10I
M = 8/10
I = 0,8 Ampere
A na-akara m akara dị mma, nke pụtara na ntụziaka nke ọkụ eletrik ahụ dị ka nhọrọ si dị, ya bụ, n'akụkụ elekere.
Ntụnyere nke ọkụ eletrik tupu na mgbe ọ gasịrị:
1: 0,8
10: 8
5: 4
4. Lezienụ anya na sekit eletriki na-esote!
Oke ike dị na resistor 6 Ω bụ…
A. 1,5 Watts
B. 3,0 Watts
C. 6,0 Watts
D. 9,0 Watts
E. 18,0 Watts
Mkparịta ụka
Usoro ike eletriki:
P = M2 R
Tupu ịgbakọ ike eletrik, buru ụzọ gbakọọ ike eletrik nke na-agafe nguzogide 6. Ω na-eji iwu Kirchhoff eme ihe.
A na-ahọrọ ntụziaka dị ugbu a dịka egosiri na foto dị n'akụkụ. 
Tinye iwu mbụ nke Kirchhoff:
I1 + Mụ onwe m2 = M3 .......... Nha nke 1
Tinye iwu Kirchhoff nke Abụọ n'ọrụ na I.1 :
6-12 I1 – 6 m3 = 0
-12 I1 = 6 M3 - 6
I1 = (6 m3 – 6) / -12 ……… Nha nke 2
Tinye iwu Kirchhoff nke Abụọ n'ọrụ na I.2 :
6-12 I2 – 6 m3 = 0
-12 I2 = 6 M3 - 6
I2 = (6 m3 – 6) / -12 …………. Nha nke 3
Ihe nnọchi anya usoro 2 dan usoro 3 ke usoro 1:
I3 ihe ịrịba ama dị mma pụtara ntụziaka m3 dịka ntụziaka ahọpụtara si dị, dịka ọ dị na foto dị n'elu.
Jiri usoro 2 ịgbakọ m1:
I1 = (6 m3 – 6) / -12
I1 = (6.0,5 – 6) / -12
I1 = (3 – 6) / -12
I1 = -3 / -12
I1 = 1/4 A
I1 ihe ịrịba ama dị mma pụtara ntụziaka m1 dịka ntụziaka ahọpụtara si dị, dịka ọ dị na foto dị n'elu.
Jiri usoro 3 ịgbakọ m2:
I2 = (6 m3 – 6) / -12
I2 = (6.0,5 – 6) / -12
I2 = (3 – 6) / -12
I2 = -3 / -12
I2 = 1/4 A
I2 ihe ịrịba ama dị mma pụtara ntụziaka m1 dịka ntụziaka ahọpụtara si dị, dịka ọ dị na foto dị n'elu.
Tinye iwu mbụ nke Kirchhoff iji gosi na nsonaazụ ndị e nwetara ziri ezi:
I1 + Mụ onwe m2 = M3
1/4 + 1/4 = 1/2
Ike nke ọkụ eletrik na-agafe nguzogide 6 Ω ọ bụ m3 = 1/2 Ampere.
Ike eletriki na iguzogide 6 Ω bụ P = M2 R = (1/2)2 (6) = 1/4 (6) = 1,5 Watts
Azịza ziri ezi bụ A.
5. Na eserese sekit eletriki dị n'akụkụ, oke nke ọdịiche ike eletrik n'ofe resistor R bụ3 bụ…
A. 0,5 V
B. 0,6 V
C. 0,9 V
D. 1,0 V
E. 1,3 V
Mkparịta ụka
A maara na:
Ihe mgbochi 1 (R)1) = 2 Ω
Ihe mgbochi 2 (R)2) = 4 Ω
Ihe mgbochi 3 (R)3) = 3 Ω
Isi mmalite nke emf 1 (E1) = Volt 6
Isi mmalite nke emf 2 (E2) = Volt 9
A jụrụ: Ọdịiche ike eletriki dị n'ofe resistor R3
Azịza:
Gbakọọ ọkụ eletrik (I) nke na-agafe na resistor R3
Mbụ gbakọọ ọkụ eletrik na-asọ n'ime sekit ahụ:
N'ịdozi nsogbu a, a na-ahọrọ ụzọ nke ugbu a ka ọ bụrụ elekere.
E1 - IR1 - E2 - IR2 - IR3 = 0
6 – 2I – 9 – 4I – 3I = 0
6 – 9 – 2I – 4I – 3I = 0
-3 – 9I = 0
-3 = 9I
I = -3/9
I = -1/3
Ọkụ eletrik na-asọ n'ime sekit ahụ bụ 1/3 Ampere. Ọkụ eletrik nwere akara na-adịghị mma pụtara na ntụziaka nke ọkụ eletrik ahụ bụ ọ bụghị dịka o kwesịrị n'ụzọ dị ka ihe dị ka mana n'ụzọ megidere elekere.
A haziri sekit ahụ n'usoro ka ọkụ eletrik na-asọ na sekit ahụ = ọkụ eletrik na-asọ na nguzogide R3 = 1/3 Ampere.
Gbakọọ ihe dị iche (V) nwere ike ime n'ofe resistor ahụ R3
V = IR3 = (1/3)(3) = 1 Volt
Azịza ziri ezi bụ D.
6. Lee foto netwọkụ dị n'okpuru!
Ka ike eletrik dị n'etiti isi ihe C na D hà nhata volt 4, uru nke R bụ...
A. 1 Ohm
B. 2 Ohms
C. 4 Ohms
D. 8 Ohm
E. 10 Ohm
Mkparịta ụka
A maara na:
Ihe mgbochi 1 (R)1) = 2 Ω
Ihe mgbochi 2 (R)2) = 2 Ω
Ihe mgbochi 3 (R)3) = R
Isi mmalite nke emf 1 (E1) = Volt 8
Isi mmalite nke emf 2 (E2) = Volt 4
Ọdịiche dị n'etiti isi ihe C na D (V) nke ike eletrikCD) = Volt 4
A jụrụ: Uru nguzogide R
Azịza:
Gbakọọ uru iguzogide R
VCD = IR
4 = IR
R = 4 / M
Gaa n'ihu…..
Gbakọọ ọkụ eletrik (I) nke na-agafe na resistor R
N'ịdozi nsogbu a, a na-ahọrọ ụzọ nke ugbu a ka ọ bụrụ elekere.
- E1 – 2I + E2 – 2I – IR = 0
– 8 – 2I + 4 – 2I – I (4/I) = 0
– 8 – 2I + 4 – 2I – 4 = 0
– 8 + 4 – 4 – 2I – 2I = 0
– 8 – 4I = 0
– 8 = 4I
I = -8 / 4
I = -2 Amperes
Ọkụ eletrik na-asọ n'ime sekit ahụ bụ 2 Amperes. Ọkụ eletrik ahụ adịghị mma, nke pụtara na ntụziaka nke ọkụ eletrik ahụ bụ ọ bụghị dịka o kwesịrị n'ụzọ dị ka ihe dị ka mana n'ụzọ megidere elekere.
A haziri sekit ahụ n'usoro ka ọkụ eletrik na-asọ na sekit ahụ = ọkụ eletrik na-asọ na nguzogide R = 2 ampere.
Uru mmegide R
Gaa n'ihu…..
R = 4 / I = 4 / 2 = 2 Ohm
Azịza ziri ezi bụ B.
7 PLee eserese sekit eletriki a! Oke nke voltaji njide na resistor R bụ…
A. Volt 20
B. Volt 8
C. 5 Volt
D. 4 Volt
E. 2 Volt
Mkparịta ụka
EMF (E) = enwere ike inwe ọdịiche dị na isi iyi voltaji eletrik tupu ọkụ eletrik na-asọ
Voltaji mpịachi (V) = enwere ike inwe ọdịiche dị na isi iyi voltaji eletrik mgbe ọkụ eletrik na-asọ mgbe ọ na-aga
A maara na:
Ihe mgbochi 1 (R)1) = 2 Ω
Ihe mgbochi 2 (R)2) = 4 Ω
Ihe mgbochi 3 (R)3) = 4 Ω
Isi mmalite nke emf 1 (E1) = Volt 20
Isi mmalite nke emf 2 (E2) = Volt 15
A jụrụ: Oke nke voltaji mkpọchi na resistor R (V)
Azịza:
Gbakọọ ọkụ eletrik na-asọfe na sekit (I)
Nsogbu a metụtara iwu Kirchhooff. Nzọụkwụ na otu esi edozi nsogbu a:
Mbụ, họrọ ụzọ ị chọrọ ugbu a. Ị nwere ike ịhọrọ ụzọ megidere elekere ma ọ bụ elekere.
Nke abụọ, mgbe ọkụ eletrik gafere n'ime nguzogide ma ọ bụ nguzogide (R), enwere mbelata na ike nke mere na V = IR bụ ihe na-adịghị mma.
Nke atọ, ọ bụrụ na ọkụ eletrik na-aga site na obere ike gaa na elu (- ruo +) mgbe ahụ, a na-ahụ na isi iyi emf (E) dị mma n'ihi na enwere ike ịchaji ike na isi iyi emf. Ọ bụrụ na ọkụ eletrik na-aga site na elu ike gaa na ala (+ ruo -) mgbe ahụ, a na-ahụ na isi iyi emf (E) dị mma n'ihi na enwere ike ịchaji ike na isi iyi emf.
N'ịdozi nsogbu a, a na-ahọrọ ụzọ nke ugbu a ka ọ bụrụ elekere.
E1 - IR1 - IR2 - IR3 - E2 = 0
20 – I(2) – I(4) – I(4) – 15 = 0
20 – 15 – M (2) – M (4) – M (4) = 0
5 – 10 I = 0
5 = 10 I
M = 5/10
I = 0,5 Ampere
Ọkụ eletrik na-asọ n'ime sekit ahụ bụ 0,5 Amperes. Ọkụ dị mma na-egosi na ntụziaka nke ọwa ahụ dị ka a tụrụ anya ya, n'akụkụ elekere.
Gbakọọ nguzogide nhata (R)
Resistor 1 (R1), resistor 2 (R2) na resistor 3 (R)3) ejikọtara na usoro. Resistor nnọchi:
R=R1 + R2 + R3 = 2 Ω + 4 Ω + 4 Ω = 10 Ω
Mkpọchi voltaji na resistor R (V)
V = IR = (0,5)(10) = Volt 5
Ụzọ dị ngwa:
Enwere ike ikpebi voltaji mkpọchi ozugbo n'ụzọ ndị a:
V = E1 - E2 = 20 – 15 = 5 Volt
Azịza ziri ezi bụ C.
8. Lee eserese sekit eletriki a! Mgbasa ike n'ofe resistor 3Ω bụ…
A. 4 Watts
B. 8 Watts
C. 12 Watts
D. 16 Watts
E. 20 Watts
Mkparịta ụka
Ike nkesa = ike ejiri
A maara na:
Ihe mgbochi 1 (R)1) = 2 Ω
Ihe mgbochi 2 (R)2) = 3 Ω
Ihe mgbochi 3 (R)3) = 4 Ω
Isi mmalite nke emf 1 (E1) = Volt 8
Isi mmalite nke emf 2 (E2) = Volt 10
A jụrụ: Ike nkesa na nguzogide 3Ω
Azịza:
Ike mgbasa ozi
A na-agbakọ ike mkpofu site na iji usoro a:
P = VI
Nkọwa: P = ike, V = ọdịiche nwere ike ịdị na nsọtụ abụọ nke resistor 3Ω, I = ọkụ eletrik na-agafe nguzogide 3Ω.
Gbakọọ ọkụ eletrik (I) nke na-agafe nguzogide 3Ω
Mbụ gbakọọ ọkụ eletrik na-asọ n'ime sekit ahụ:
N'ịdozi nsogbu a, a na-ahọrọ ụzọ nke ugbu a ka ọ bụrụ elekere.
E1 - IR1 - IR2 - IR3 +E2 = 0
8 – I(2) – I(3) – I(4) + 10 = 0
18 – 9 I = 0
18 = 9 I
M = 18 / 9
I = 2 Ampere
Ọkụ eletrik na-asọ n'ime sekit ahụ bụ 2 Amperes. Ọkụ dị mma na-egosi na ntụziaka nke ọwa ahụ dị ka a tụrụ anya ya, n'akụkụ elekere.
A haziri sekit ahụ n'usoro ka ọkụ eletrik na-asọ na sekit ahụ = ọkụ eletrik na-asọ na resistor 3Ω = Amperes 2.
Gbakọọ ọdịiche nwere ike ịdị (V) n'ofe ihe mgbochi 3 Ω
V = IR2 = (2 A)(3 Ω) = Volt 6
Gbakọọ mwepụ ike na resistor 3Ω
P = VI = (6 volt) (2 ampere) = 12 volt ampere = 12 watt
Azịza ziri ezi bụ C.
9. Lee eserese sekit eletriki na-esote! Ihe dị iche n'etiti isi ihe A na B bụ…
A. 1,5 volts
B. 3,0 volts
C. 6,0 volts
D. 7,5 volts
E. 9,0 volts
Mkparịta ụka
A maara na:
Ihe mgbochi 1 (R)1) = 2 Ω
Ihe mgbochi 2 (R)2) = 3 Ω
Ihe mgbochi 3 (R)3) = 4 Ω
Isi mmalite nke emf 1 (E1) = Volt 8
Isi mmalite nke emf 2 (E2) = Volt 10
A jụrụ: Enwere ike inwe ọdịiche (V) n'etiti isi ihe A na B
Azịza:
Gbakọọ ọkụ eletrik (I) nke na-agafe nguzogide 3Ω
Mbụ gbakọọ ọkụ eletrik na-asọ n'ime sekit ahụ:
N'ịdozi nsogbu a, a na-ahọrọ ụzọ nke ugbu a ka ọ bụrụ elekere.
- E1 - IR1 - IR2 - E2 - IR3 = 0
– 8 – M (2) – M (3) – 10 – M (4) = 0
– 18 – 9 I = 0
– 18 = 9 M
I = -18 / 9
I = – 2 Amperes
Ọkụ eletrik na-asọ n'ime sekit ahụ bụ 2 Amperes. Ọkụ eletrik ahụ adịghị mma, nke pụtara na ntụziaka nke ọkụ eletrik ahụ bụ ọ bụghị dịka o kwesịrị n'ụzọ dị ka ihe dị ka mana n'ụzọ megidere elekere.
A haziri sekit ahụ n'usoro ka ọkụ eletrik na-asọ na sekit ahụ = ọkụ eletrik na-asọ na resistor 3Ω = Amperes 2.
Gbakọọ ọdịiche nwere ike ịdị (V) n'ofe ihe mgbochi 3 Ω
V = IR2 = (2 A)(3 Ω) = Volt 6
Azịza ziri ezi bụ C.
Isi Mmalite Ajụjụ:
Ajụjụ gbasara Fiziksi nke Ule Mba maka Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Sekọndrị/Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Sekọndrị Ọrụ
