Ihe atụ nke Ajụjụ Ike Eletriki Nwere Ike Ime
1. A na-eme ka elektrọn si n'ezumike gbapụta ọsọ site na ọdịiche nwere ike ịbụ volt 12. Gịnị bụ mgbanwe dị na ike elektrọn nwere ike ime?
Mkparịta ụka
A maara na:
Ibu Ibu 1 elektrọn (e) = -1,60 x 10-19 Ulo olu
Ọdịiche ike eletriki = voltaji eletriki (V) = Voltaji 12
A jụrụ: Mgbanwe na ike ike elektrọn (ΔEP)
Azịza:
ΔEP = q V = (-1,60 x 10-19 C)(12 V) = -19,2 x 10-19 Joule
Ihe ịrịba ama na-adịghị mma pụtara ike ike eletrik Ọ na-ebelata. Mgbe ọ dị nso na efere chajị na-adịghị mma, ike eletrik nke elektrọn na-eru oke ya. Mgbe ọ bịarutere nso na efere chajị na-adịghị mma, ike eletrik nke elektrọn na-eru oke ya.
2. E nwere efere abụọ yiri ibe ha nke ọ bụla n'otu n'otu chajị dị mma na nke na-adịghị mma. Ọdụ eletrik dị n'etiti efere abụọ ahụ bụ 500 Volts/mita. Anya dị n'etiti efere abụọ ahụ bụ 2 cm. Chọpụta mgbanwe ike nwere ike nke proton mgbe ọ na-esi na efere positive chajị gaa na efere charjị adịghị mma!
Mkparịta ụka
A maara na:
Ọdụ eletriki n'etiti efere abụọ ahụ (E) = 500 Volts/mita
Anya dị n'etiti efere abụọ ahụ = 2 cm = 0,02 mita
Ụgwọ proton = +1,60 x 10-19 Ulo olu
A jụrụ: Mgbanwe na ike ike eletrik (ΔEP)
Azịza:
Buru ụzọ gbakọọ ihe dị iche ma ọ bụ voltaji eletriki :
V = E s
V = (Volts 500/mita)(0,02 mita)
V = Volt 10
Mgbanwe na ike ike eletrik:
ΔEP = q V
ΔEP = (1,60 x 10-19 C)(10 V)
ΔEP = 16 x 10-19 Joule
ΔEP = 1,6 x 10-18 Joule
Mgbe ọ dị nso na efere positive charge, ike eletrik nke proton na-eru oke ya. Mgbe ọ rutere nso na efere positive charge, ike eletrik nke proton na-eru oke ya. Ya mere, mgbe ọ na-esi na efere positive charge gaa na efere positive charge, ike eletrik nke proton na-ebelata.
3. E doziri ụgwọ abụọ dịka egosiri na eserese dị n'okpuru. Ụgwọ na A bụ +9 μC na ụgwọ na B bụ -4 μC. Coulomb na-agbanwe agbanwe (k) = 9 x 109 Nm2C-2, 1 μC = 10-6 C. Ego ole ka ike ike eletrik nke chajị B na-agbanwe ma ọ bụrụ na ọ na-agagharị gaa na chajị A?
Mkparịta ụka
A maara na:
Chaji A (q1) = +9 μC = +9 x 10-6 C
Chaji B (q1) = -4 μC = -4 x 10-6 C
Ọnụọgụ na-agbanweghi agbanwe nke Coulomb (k) = 9 x 109 Nm2C-2
Anya dị n'etiti chaja A na B (r) = 10 cm = 0,1 mita = 10-1 mita
A jụrụ: Mgbanwe na ike ike eletrik nke chajị B ma ọ bụrụ na ọ na-agagharị iji chajị A
Azịza:
Chajị B na-agagharị iji chajị A ka ike eletrik ya wee belata site na 2,4 Joules.
Nke a yiri ihe dị ka ihe na-aga ala n'ụwa nke mere na elu ya na ike ndọda ya na-ebelata.
4. A na-etinye obere ihe nwere chajị nke \( q = 5 \ugboro 10^{-6} \) C n'ime ọkụ eletrik nwere ike nke \( V = 300 \) V. Kedu ike ike eletrik nke obere ihe ahụ?
Azịza:
A na-enye ike ike eletrik site na:
\[ U = q \ugboro V \]
\[ U = ugboro ise 10^{-6} \ ugboro 300 \]
\[ U = 1.5 \ugboro 10^{-3} \] J
5. A na-etinye elektrọn n'ime ebe eletriki nwere ike nke 500 V. Kedu ike ike eletrik nke elektrọn ahụ?
Azịza:
Chajị elektrọn \( q = -1.6 \ugboro 10^{-19} \) C.
\[ U = q \ugboro V \]
\[ U = -1.6 \ugboro 10^{-19} \ugboro 500 \]
\[ U = -8 \ugboro 10^{-17} \] J
6. Proton na-esi n'ike nke 100 V gaa na 200 V. Gịnị bụ mgbanwe dị na ike ya?
Azịza:
Chajị proton \( q = 1.6 \ugboro 10^{-19} \) C.
\[ \Delta U = q \times \Delta V \]
\[ \Delta U = 1.6 \ugboro 10^{-19} \ugboro (200 – 100) \]
\[ \Delta U = 1.6 \ugboro 10^{-17} \] J
7. Ihe abụọ nwere chajị \( q_1 = 2 \u003 10^{-6} \) C na \( q_2 = -3 \u003 10^{-6} \) C ka etinyere n'ọhịa eletriki nwere ike nke \( V = 400 \) V. Kedu ike zuru oke nke ihe abụọ ahụ?
Azịza:
\[ U_1 = q_1 \ugboro V \]
\[ U_2 = q_2 \ugboro V \]
\[ U_{mkpokọta} = U_1 + U_2 \]
\[ U_{ngụkọta} = (2 \ugboro 10^{-6} + (-3 \ugboro 10^{-6})) \ugboro 400 \]
\[ U_{ngụkọta} = -4 \ugboro 10^{-3} \] J
8. ion nwere chajị \( q = 4e \) (ebe \( e \) bụ chajị mbụ) dị n'ọhịa eletriki nwere ike \( V = 250 \) V. Kedu ike ike eletrik nke ion?
Azịza:
\[ U = q \ugboro V \]
\[ U = ugboro anọ 1.6 \ ugboro 10^{-19} \ ugboro 250 \]
\[ U = 1.6 \ugboro 10^{-16} \] J
9. A maara na ihe dị n'ime ya nwere chajị nke \( q = -7 \ugboro 10^{-5} \) C nwere ike nke \( ugboro 2 \ugboro 10^{-2} \) J. Kedu ike nke ubi eletriki ebe ihe dị n'ime ya dị?
Azịza:
\[ U = q \ugboro V \]
\[ V = \frac{U}{q} \]
\[ V = \frac{2 \ugboro 10^{-2}}{-7 \ugboro 10^{-5}} \]
\[ V = -285.71 \] V
10. Ihe abụọ nwere chajị \( q_1 = 5e \) na \( q_2 = -2e \) nọ n'ọhịa eletriki nwere ike nke \( V = 300 \) V. Kedu ike zuru oke nke ihe abụọ ahụ?
Azịza:
\[ U_1 = q_1 \ugboro V \]
\[ U_2 = q_2 \ugboro V \]
\[ U_{mkpokọta} = U_1 + U_2 \]
\[ U_{ngụkọta} = (5 \ugboro 1.6 \ugboro 10^{-19} – ugboro abụọ 1.6 \ugboro 10^{-19}) \ugboro 300 \]
\[ U_{ngụkọta} = 1.44 \ugboro 10^{-16} \] J
11. Iọn nwere chajị \( q = -3e \) nwere ike nke \( -9.6 \ugboro 10^{-19} \) J. Kedu ike nke ubi eletriki ebe ion dị?
Azịza:
\[ U = q \ugboro V \]
\[ V = \frac{U}{q} \]
\[ V = \frac{-9.6 \ugboro 10^{-19}}{-3 \ugboro 1.6 \ugboro 10^{-19}} \]
\[ V = 200 \] V
12. A maara na ike ike eletrik nke chajị \( q \) n'ọhịa eletriki nwere ike \( V = 450 \) V bụ \( 9 \ugboro 10^{-18} \) J. Gịnị bụ chajị \( q \)?
Azịza:
\[ U = q \ugboro V \]
\[ q = \frac{U}{V} \]
\[ q = \frac{9 \ugboro 10^{-18}}{450} \]
\[ q = ugboro abụọ 10^{-20} \] C
13. A na-ebugharị chaja dị mma \( q = 1.5 \ugboro 10^{-19} \) C site na isi nwere ike \( V_1 = 100 \) V gaa na \( V_2 = 500 \) V. Gịnị bụ mgbanwe dị na ike nwere ike?
Azịza:
\[ \Delta U = q \times \Delta V \]
\[ \Delta U = 1.5 \ugboro 10^{-19} \ugboro (500 – 100) \]
\[ \Delta U = 6 \ugboro 10^{-17} \] J
