Ajụjụ ihe atụ nke isi ojii

Ihe atụ iri na ise nke ajụjụ isi nke ndị isi ojii.

1. A na-agwakọta ice nwere oke 0,2 kg na tii ọkụ na oke 0,2 kg. Okpomọkụ nke ice = - 10 ^o C, okpomọkụ nke tii ọkụ = 40 ^o C. Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke ice = 2100 J/kg C ^o , okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke mmiri = 4200 J/kg C ^o , okpomọkụ nke ngwakọta nke mmiri = 334.000 J/kg. Ọ bụrụ na ice na tii ọkụ agwakọta na sistemu mechiri emechi, chọpụta okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke ngwakọta ahụ.

Mkparịta ụka
A maara :
Ibu ice (m es) = 0,2 kg
Ibu nke mmiri tii ọkụ (m tii) = 0,2 kg
Okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem (c mmiri) = 4180 J/kg C^o
Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke ice (c es) = 2100 J/kg C^o
Okpomọkụ nke ngwakọta mmiri (L)_f mmiri) = 334.000 J/kg
Okpomọkụ ice (T es) = -10^oC
Mmiri tii ọkụ (T tii) = 40^oC
A jụrụ : okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke ngwakọta ahụ (ngwakọta T)?
Jawab :
Nzọụkwụ mbụ, mee atụmatụ ọnọdụ ikpeazụ.
Okpomọkụ nke mmiri ga-ewepụta iji belata okpomọkụ nke 0,2 kg nke tii ọkụ site na 40^oC ruo 0^oVS:
Okpomọkụ nke 0,2 kg nke ice na-amịkọrọ iji bulie okpomọkụ ya site na -10^oC ruo 0^oVS:
Okpomọkụ a na-amịkọrọ iji gbazee 0,2 kg nke ice (okpomọkụ dị mkpa iji gbanwee ice niile ka ọ bụrụ mmiri):
Dabere na ngụkọ ndị dị n'elu, enwetara nsonaazụ ndị a:
Q ewepụtara = 33,444 kJ
Q natara = 4,2 kJ
Q agbaze = 66,8 kJ

Mgbe tii ọkụ na-ewepụta okpomọkụ 33,44 kJ, okpomọkụ tii ọkụ na-agbanwe site na 40oC ruo 0oC. A na-eji ụfọdụ okpomọkụ ewepụtara (ihe dị ka 4,2 kJ) ebuli okpomọkụ nke ice site na -10oC ^ruo 0oC ^. 33,44 kJ – 4,2 kJ = 29,24 kJ. Iji gbazee ice niile ka ọ bụrụ mmiri, a chọrọ 66,8 kJ nke okpomọkụ. Okpomọkụ fọdụrụ bụ 29,24 kJ.

A pụrụ ikwubi na okpomọkụ nke tii ọkụ na-ewepụta bụ naanị iji bulie okpomọkụ nke ice site na -10 ^° C ruo 0 ^° C ma gbazee ụfọdụ ice. Ụfọdụ ice aghọọla mmiri, ebe ụfọdụ aghọọla mmiri. N'oge usoro mgbanwe site na siri ike gaa na mmiri mmiri, okpomọkụ anaghị agbanwe. Ya mere, okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke ngwakọta ahụ bụ 0 ^° C.

2. Ibu tii ọkụ = 0,4 kg, ibu nke ice = 0,2 kg, okpomọkụ nke ice cubes = -10^oC, okpomọkụ tii ọkụ = 90^oC. Ọ bụrụ na ha abụọ agwakọta, kedu okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke ngwakọta ahụ?
Mkparịta ụka
Nzọụkwụ mbụ: mee atụmatụ ọnọdụ ikpeazụ
Okpomọkụ nke mmiri ga-ewepụta iji belata okpomọkụ nke 0,4 kg nke mmiri tii ọkụ site na 90^oC ruo 0^oVS:
Okpomọkụ nke ice natara site na 0,2 kg iji bulie okpomọkụ ya site na -10^oC ruo 0^oVS:
Okpomọkụ achọrọ iji gbazee 0,2 kg nke ice (okpomọkụ achọrọ iji gbanwee ice niile ka ọ bụrụ mmiri):
Dabere na ngụkọ ndị dị n'elu, enwetara nsonaazụ ndị a:
Q ewepụtara = 150,48 kJ
Q natara = 4,2 kJ
Q agbaze = 66,8 kJ
Mgbe tii ọkụ na-ewepụta okpomọkụ 150,48 kJ, okpomọkụ tii ọkụ na-agbanwe site na 90oC ruo 0oC. A na-eji ụfọdụ okpomọkụ ewepụtara (4,2 J) eme ka okpomọkụ nke ice si -10 oC ruo 0oC. 150,48 kJ – 4,8 kJ = 146,28 kJ. Okpomọkụ fọdụrụ = 146,28 kJ.
Okpomọkụ achọrọ iji gbazee ice niile ka ọ ghọọ mmiri bụ naanị 66,8 kJ. 146,28 kJ – 66,8 kJ = 79,48 kJ. Tii ọkụ anaghị achọ ka ọ hapụ okpomọkụ ya niile ruo mgbe okpomọkụ ya dara ruo 0.^oC. Na mmechi, okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke ngwakọta ahụ ga-abụrịrị karịa 0^oC.

Nzọụkwụ nke abụọ: chọpụta okpomọkụ ikpeazụ (T)
Okpomọkụ achọrọ iji bulie okpomọkụ nke ice site na -10^oC ruo 0^oC bụ 4200 J.
Okpomọkụ achọrọ iji gbazee ice niile ka ọ bụrụ mmiri (okpomọkụ zoro ezo) = 66.800 J
Okpomọkụ achọrọ iji bulie okpomọkụ mmiri (mmiri sitere na agbaze ice niile) site na 0^oC ruo T^oC = (oke ice)(okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem)(T – 0) = (0,2)(4180)(T) = 836 T
Okpomọkụ nke tii ọkụ na-ewepụta iji belata okpomọkụ ya site na 90oC ruo T = (njupụta mmiri)(90-T) = (0,4)(4180)(90 – T) = 1672 (90-T) = 150.480 – 1672 T

 

3. A na-agwakọta gram 60 nke mmiri na okpomọkụ nke 90 ^oC (okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem = 1 cal.g ^-1 . ^o C ^{-1 ) na gram 40 nke mmiri yiri ya na okpomọkụ nke 25 oC} . Ọ bụrụ na enweghị ihe ndị ọzọ na-emetụta usoro a, mgbe ahụ okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke ngwakọta ahụ bụ...

A. 15,4 ^oC
B. 23,0 ^oC
C. 46,0 ^oC
D. 64,0 ^oC
E. 77,0 ^oC

Mkparịta ụka
A maara :
Mmiri dị n'ọbara 1 (m₁) = gram 60
Okpomọkụ mmiri 1 (T)₁) = 90^oC
Mmiri dị n'ọbara 2 (m₂) = gram 40
Okpomọkụ mmiri 2 (T)₂) = 25^oC
Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem mmiri (c) = 1 kalori^-1.^oC^-1
A jụrụ : suhu ngwakọta ikpeazụ
Jawab :
Okpomọkụ nke mmiri okpomọkụ dị elu na-ewepụta (Q na-ewepụta) = okpomọkụ nke mmiri okpomọkụ dị ala na-amịkọrọ (Q na-amịkọrọ)
m₁ c (ΔT) = m₂ c (ΔT)
(60)(1)(90 – T) = (40)(1)(T – 25)
(60)(90 – T) = (40)(T – 25)
5400 – 60T = 40T – 1000
5400 + 1000 = 40T + 60T
6400 = 100T
T = 6400/100
T = 64^oC
Azịza ziri ezi bụ D.

4. Otu iberibe aluminom nwere ibu nke gram 500 ma nwee okpomọkụ nke gram 30. ^oA na-etinye C n'ime ite nwere mmiri nwere oke nke gram 200 na okpomọkụ nke 90 ^oC. Ọ bụrụ na a maara na okpomọkụ aluminom kpọmkwem bụ 0,22 cal/g C^o na okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem bụ 1 cal/g C^o, mgbe ahụ okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke mmiri na aluminom bụ...
A. 20,3 ^oC
B. 42,2 ^oC
C. 68,7 ^oC
D. 80,5 ^oC
E. 100 ^oC
Mkparịta ụka:
Ọ dịghị mkpa ka a gbanwee nkeji nke oke, gram (g) ka ọ bụrụ kilogram (kg) n'ihi na okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke aluminom na okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke mmiri na-egosipụta na cal/g C^o.
A maara :
m aluminom = gram 500
c aluminom = 0,22 kalori/gC^o
Aluminom T = 30 ^oC
mmiri m = gram 200
mmiri c = 1 kalori/gC^o
Mmiri T = 90 ^oC
A jụrụ :
Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ (T) nke mmiri na aluminom?
Jawab :

Usoro okpomọkụ : Q = (m)(c)(delta T)

Q mmiri = = (gram 200)(1 cal/gC)^o(90.) ^oC – T)
Q aluminom = (gram 500)(0,22 cal/gC)^o)(T– 30 ^oC)

Usoro isi nke Black : Q _ewepụtara = Q _etinyere

Mmiri nwere okpomọkụ mbụ dị elu karịa (90 ^oC) ka mmiri wee wepụta okpomọkụ, aluminom nwere obere okpomọkụ mbụ (30) ^oC) ka aluminom wee na-amịkọrọ okpomọkụ. Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke ngwakọta mmiri na aluminom ga-adị ala karịa okpomọkụ mbụ nke mmiri ahụ ma dị elu karịa okpomọkụ mbụ nke aluminom.
(200 grams)(1 kalori/gC)^o(90.) ^oC – T) = (gram 500)(0,22 kalori/g C)^o)(T– 30 ^oC)
(200)(1)(90-T) = (500)(0,22)(T-30)
(200)(90-T) = (110)(T-30)
18000 – 200 T = 110 T – 3300
18000 + 3300 = 110 T + 200 T
21300 = 310 T
T = 68,7 ^oC
Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke njikọta mmiri na aluminom bụ 68,7 ^oC.
Azịza ziri ezi bụ C.

5. Iberibe ígwè nke nwere ibu nke gram 300 na okpomọkụ nke 80 ^oA na-etinye C na gram 200 nke mmiri na 40 ^oC. Okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem = 1 cal/g C^oỌ bụrụ na okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke ngwakọta ígwè na mmiri bụ 50^o C na akpa ahụ anaghị anabata okpomọkụ, mgbe ahụ okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke ígwè ahụ bụ…
A. 0,15 kalori/g C^o
B. 0,22 kalori/g C^o
C. 1,50 kalori/g C^o
D. 4,8 kalori/g C^o
E. 7,2 cal/g C^o
Mkparịta ụka:
A maara :
ígwè m = gram 300
T metal = 80 ^oC
mmiri m = gram 200
Mmiri T = 40 ^oC
mmiri c = 1 kalori/g C^o
Ngwakọta ikpeazụ nke ígwè na mmiri = 50 ^oC
A jụrụ :
c ígwè?
Jawab :
Q metal = (m)(c)(delta T) = (gram 300)(c metal)(80)^oC - 50^oC) = (gram 300)(c mer)(30 C)^o)
Mmiri Q = (m)(c)(delta T) = (gram 200)(1 cal/g C)^o(60.)^oC - 50^oC) = (gram 200)(1 kalori/g C)^o)(10 C^o)

Usoro isi nke Black : Q _ewepụtara = Q _etinyere

Ígwè ahụ nwere okpomọkụ mbụ dị elu karịa (80 ^oC) ka ígwè ahụ wee wepụta okpomọkụ, mmiri ahụ nwere obere okpomọkụ mbụ (40) ^oC) ka mmiri wee na-amịkọrọ okpomọkụ.
(gram 300)(c metal)(30 C)^o) = (gram 200)(1 kalori/g C)^o)(10 C^o)
(300)(c)(30) = (200)(1)(10)
9000 c = 2000
c = 2000 / 9000
c = 0,22 kalori/g C^o
Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke ígwè bụ 0,22 cal/g C^o.
Azịza ziri ezi bụ B.

6. Bọọlụ abụọ yiri ibe ha nwere otu okpomọkụ nke 40 ^oC, bọọlụ abụọ ahụ nwere oke ibu nke gram 10 na gram 40 n'otu n'otu. A na-etinye bọọlụ abụọ ahụ n'ime mmiri mmiri, nke mere na okpomọkụ nke bọọlụ abụọ ahụ ga-arị elu ruo 60.^oC. Ọ bụrụ na okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke bọọlụ ahụ bụ 2 cal/gr C^o na 1 kalori = 4,2 Joules, mgbe ahụ ọdịiche dị na okpomọkụ nke bọọlụ ọ bụla na-amịkọrọ bụ...
A. 5,04 x 10³ Joule
B 7,50 x 10³ Joule
C. 10,6 x 10³ Joule
D. 40 x x 10³ Joule
E. 42 x 10³ Joule
Mkparịta ụka:
A maara :
m₁ = gram 10
m₂ = gram 40
T₁ =T₂ = 40 ^oC
T _ngwucha = 60 ^oC
bọọlụ c = 2 kalori/gr C^o
A jụrụ :
Kedu ihe dị iche na okpomọkụ nke bọọlụ ọ bụla na-amịkọrọ?
Jawab :
Okpomọkụ nke bọọlụ abụọ ahụ na-abawanye n'ihi na bọọlụ abụọ ahụ ga-amịkọrọ okpomọkụ.
Q₁ = (10 gr)(2 kal/gr C)^o(60.)^oC–40^oC) = (10 gr)(2 kal/gr C)^o)(20 C^o) = 400 cal = (400) (4,2 J) = 1680 Joules
Q₂ = (40 gr)(2 kal/gr C)^o(60.)^oC–40^oC) = (40 gr)(2 kal/gr C)^o)(20 C^o) = 1600 cal = (1600) (4,2 J) = 6720 Joules
Ọdịiche dị na okpomọkụ nke bọọlụ ọ bụla na-amịkọrọ:
6720 J – 1680 J = 5040 J = 5,04 x 10³ J
Azịza ziri ezi bụ A.

7. A na-agwakọta mmiri nwere oke gram 200 na okpomọkụ nke 30°C na mmiri esi mmiri nke nwere oke gram 100 na okpomọkụ nke 90°C. (Okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem = 1 cal.gram ^-1 °C ^-1 ). Okpomọkụ nke mmiri agwakọtara n'oge nhazi okpomọkụ bụ….

A. 10°C

B. 30°C

C. 50°C

D. 75°C

E. 150°C

Mkparịta ụka

A maara na :

Mmiri dị n'ọbara 1 (m1 ₎ = gram 200

Okpomọkụ mmiri 1 (T1 ₎ = 30 ^oC

Mmiri dị n'ọbara 2 (m2 ₎ = gram 100

Okpomọkụ mmiri 2 (T2 ₎ = 90 ^oC

Okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem (c) = 1 cal.gram ⁻¹ °C ⁻¹

Ajụrụ : okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke ngwakọta ahụ

Azịza :

Okpomọkụ nke mmiri okpomọkụ dị elu na-ewepụta (Q na-ewepụta) = okpomọkụ nke mmiri okpomọkụ dị ala na-amịkọrọ (Q na-amịkọrọ)

Azịza ziri ezi bụ C.

8. A na-agwakọta gram 60 nke mmiri na okpomọkụ nke 90 ^oC (okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem = 1 cal.g ^-1 . ^o C ^{-1 ) na gram 40 nke mmiri yiri ya na okpomọkụ nke 25 oC} . Ọ bụrụ na enweghị ihe ndị ọzọ na-emetụta usoro a, mgbe ahụ okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke ngwakọta ahụ bụ...

A. 15,4 ^o C

B. 23,0 ^o C

C. 46,0 ^o C

D. 64,0 ^o C

E. 77,0 ^o C

Mkparịta ụka

A maara na :

Mmiri dị n'ọbara 1 (m1 ₎ = gram 60

Okpomọkụ mmiri 1 (T1 ₎ = 90 ^oC

Mmiri dị n'ọbara 2 (m2 ₎ = gram 40

Okpomọkụ mmiri 2 (T2 ₎ = 25 ^oC

Okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem (c) = 1 cal.g ^-1 . ^o C ^-1

Ajụrụ : okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke ngwakọta ahụ

Azịza :

Okpomọkụ nke mmiri okpomọkụ dị elu na-ewepụta (Q na-ewepụta) = okpomọkụ nke mmiri okpomọkụ dị ala na-amịkọrọ (Q na-amịkọrọ)

Azịza ziri ezi bụ D.

9. A na-etinye ice nwere oke M gram na okpomọkụ nke 0 ^oC , n'ime mmiri nwere oke nke gram 340 na okpomọkụ nke 20 ^oC nke a na-etinye n'ime arịa pụrụ iche. Were ya na arịa ahụ anaghị anabata/ewepụta okpomọkụ. Ọ bụrụ na L _ice = 80 cal g ^-1 , c _mmiri = 1 cal g ^{-1 oC} -1 ^, ice niile na-agbaze ma na-erute nguzozi okpomọkụ na okpomọkụ nke 5 ^oC , mgbe ahụ oke ice (M) ga-...

A. gram 60

B. 68 grams

C. 75 grams

D. 80 grams

E. 170 grams

Mkparịta ụka

A maara na :

Mmiri dị n'ọbara (m) = gram 340

Okpomọkụ ice (T es ₎ = 0 ^oC

Okpomọkụ mmiri (T mmiri ₎ = 20 ^oC

Okpomọkụ nhazi okpomọkụ (T) = 5 ^o C

Okpomọkụ nke ice na-agbaze (L _ice ) = 80 kalori g ^-1

Okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem (c _mmiri ) = 1 kalori g ^{-1 o} C ^-1

Ajụjụ : Oke ice (M)

Azịza :

Ụkpụrụ Black kwuru na n'ime sistemu mechiri emechi nke dịpụrụ adịpụ, okpomọkụ nke ihe dị elu na-ewepụta hà nhata okpomọkụ nke ihe dị ala na-amịkọrọ.

Okpomọkụ mmiri na-ewepụta (Q na-ewepụta) = okpomọkụ ice na-amịkọrọ (Q na-amịkọrọ)

Azịza ziri ezi bụ A.

Catatan:

Ọ bụrụ na e kwuo na ice dị na okpomọkụ nke 0 ^o, mgbe ahụ mmiri ahụ ka dị n'ụdị siri ike. Ọ bụrụ na e kwuo na mmiri dị na okpomọkụ nke 0 ^o C, mgbe ahụ mmiri ahụ dị n'ụdị mmiri mmiri. Mee ka ojiji nke okwu ndị a bụ ice na mmiri dị iche. N'ihi na mmiri ahụ ka dị n'ụdị siri ike ma ọ bụ ice, a na-ebu ụzọ jiri okpomọkụ a na-amịkọrọ gbazee ice niile ka ọ bụrụ mmiri, ya mere n'akụkụ aka nri nke nha anya dị n'elu, a na-agbakwunye usoro iji gbakọọ ọnụọgụ okpomọkụ iji gbazee ice (mes _es L _es ). Mgbe ice niile gbazere ghọọ mmiri, a na-eji okpomọkụ ọzọ ebuli okpomọkụ nke ice site na 0 ^o C ruo 5 ^o C.

10. A na-etinye ọla kọpa n'okpomọkụ nke 100 ^oC n'ime mmiri nke nwere oke gram 128 na okpomọkụ nke 30 ^{oC .} Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke mmiri bụ 1 cal.g ^-1oC -1 na okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke ọla kọpa bụ 0,1 cal.g ^-1oC -1 ^. Ọ bụrụ na nhazi okpomọkụ emee na okpomọkụ nke 36 ^oC , mgbe ahụ oke nke ọla ahụ bụ….

A. gram 140

B. 120 grams

C. 100 grams

D. 80 grams

E. 75 grams

Mkparịta ụka

A maara na:

Okpomọkụ ọla kọpa (T ₁ ) = 100 ^oC

Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke ọla kọpa (c1 ₎ = 0,1 cal.g ^-1o C ^-1

Mmiri dị n'ọbara (m2 ₎ = gram 128

Okpomọkụ mmiri (T2 ) ₌ 30 ^oC

Okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem (c2 ⁾ ₌ 1 cal.g ^-1oC -1

Okpomọkụ nhazi okpomọkụ (T) = 36 ^oC

Ajụjụ: Ibu ọla kọpa (m ₁ )

Azịza:

Ụkpụrụ ojii na-ekwu na okpomọkụ nke ihe dị elu na-ewepụta = okpomọkụ nke ihe dị ala na-enweta.

Azịza ziri ezi bụ B.

11. A na-etinye kilogram atọ nke mkpanaka ojii nwere okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke 1400 J.kg ^-1 C ^-1 na okpomọkụ nke 80 ^o C n'ime kilogram 10 nke mmiri yana okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke 4200 J.kg ^-1 C ^-1 . Mgbe nguzozi okpomọkụ gasịrị, okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke ngwakọta ahụ bụ 20 ^o C. Okpomọkụ mbụ nke mmiri ahụ bụ….

A. 20 ^o C

B. 18 ^o C

C. 14 ^o C

D. 12 ^o C

E. 10 ^o C

Mkparịta ụka

A maara na:

Ibu nke ndu (m ₁ ) = 3 kg

Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke tin (c1 ₎ = 1400 J.kg ^-1 C ^-1

Okpomọkụ tin (T ₁ ) = 80 ^oC

Mmiri dị n'ọbara (m2 ₎ = 10 kg

Okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem (c2 ₎ = 4200 J.kg ^-1 C ^-1

Okpomọkụ nhazi okpomọkụ (T) = 20 ^oC

Achọrọ: Okpomọkụ mmiri mbụ ( _T2 )

Azịza:

Azịza ziri ezi bụ C.

12. A na-ekpo ọkụ mkpụrụ ego gram 50 ruo okpomọkụ nke 85 ^oC , wee tinye ya n'ime ite nwere gram 50 nke mmiri na okpomọkụ nke 29,8 ^oC (okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem = 1 cal.g ^-1 . ^o C ^-1 ). Ọ bụrụ na okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke sistemụ ahụ bụ 37 ^oC ma chee na ọ dịghị mgbanwe na okpomọkụ site na arịa ahụ, mgbe ahụ okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke ígwè ahụ bụ...

A. 0,12 cal.g ^-1 . ^o C ^-1

B. 0,30 kalori g ^-1 . ^o C ^-1

C. 1,50 kalori g ^-1 . ^o C ^-1

D. 4,8 kalori.g ^-1 . ^o C ^-1

E. 7,2 cal.g ^-1 . ^o C ^-1

Mkparịta ụka

A maara na:

Ibu nke mkpụrụ ego (m) = gram 50

Okpomọkụ mbụ nke mkpụrụ ego ahụ (T ₁ ) = 85 ^o C

Mmiri dị n'ọbara (m) = gram 50

Okpomọkụ mmiri mbụ (T 2 ₎ = 29,8 ^oC

Okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem = 1 kalori ^-1 . ^o C ^-1

Okpomọkụ sistemụ ikpeazụ (T) = 37 ^o C

Ajụjụ: Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke ígwè (c)

Azịza:

Ụkpụrụ Black kwuru na okpomọkụ a na-ewepụta = okpomọkụ a na-amịkọrọ. Mkpụrụ ego ahụ na-ewepụta okpomọkụ, mmiri na-amịkọrọkwa okpomọkụ ahụ, ruo mgbe e ruru nguzozi okpomọkụ.

A na-egosipụta nkeji niile na gram, yabụ ọ dịghị mkpa ịtụgharị nkeji.

_{A tọhapụrụ} Q = Q _arapara

m _ígwè c ΔT = m _mmiri c ΔT

(50)(c)(85-37) = (50)(1)(37-29,8)

(50)(c)(48) = (50)(7,2)

(50)(c)(48) = (50)(7,2)

(c)(48) = 7,2

c = 7,2 / 48

c = 0,15 kalori.g ^-1 . ^o C ^-1

13. A na-etinye ọla kọpa n'okpomọkụ nke 100 ^oC n'ime mmiri nke nwere oke gram 128 na okpomọkụ nke 30 ^oC . Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke mmiri bụ 1 cal.g ^{-1 oC} -1 ^na okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke ọla kọpa bụ 0,1 cal.g ^{-1 oC -1} . Ọ bụrụ na nhazi okpomọkụ emee na okpomọkụ nke 36 ^oC , mgbe ahụ oke nke ọla ahụ bụ….

A. gram 140
B. 120 grams
C. 100 grams
D. 80 grams
E. 75 grams

Mkparịta ụka
A maara na:
Okpomọkụ ọla kọpa (T)₁) = 100 ^oC
Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke ọla kọpa (c)₁) = 0,1 kalori^{-1 o}C^-1

Oke mmiri (m)₂) = gram 128
Okpomọkụ mmiri (T)₂) = 30 ^oC
Okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem (c)₂) = 1 kalori^{-1 o}C^-1

Okpomọkụ nhazi okpomọkụ (T) = 36 ^oC
Ajụjụ: Ibu ọla kọpa (m₁)
Azịza:

Ụkpụrụ ojii na-ekwu na okpomọkụ nke ihe dị elu na-ewepụta = okpomọkụ nke ihe dị ala na-enweta.
Q ọla kọpa = Q mmiri
m₁ c₁ ΔT = m₂ c₂ ΔT
(m₁)(0,1)(100-36) = (128)(1)(36-30)
(m₁)(0,1)(64) = (128)(1)(6)
(m₁)(6,4) = 768
m₁ = 768/6,4
m₁ = 120
Ọnụ ọgụgụ ọla kọpa dị gram 120.
Azịza ziri ezi bụ B.

14. A na-etinye kilogram atọ nke mkpanaka ojii nwere okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke 1400 J.kg ^-1 C ^-1 na okpomọkụ nke 80 ^o C n'ime kilogram 10 nke mmiri yana okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke 4200 J.kg ^-1 C ^-1 . Mgbe nguzozi okpomọkụ gasịrị, okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke ngwakọta ahụ bụ 20 ^o C. Okpomọkụ mbụ nke mmiri ahụ bụ….

A. 20 ^oC
B. 18 ^oC
C. 14 ^oC
D. 12 ^oC
E. 10 ^oC

Mkparịta ụka
A maara na:
Ibu nke ndu (m)₁) = 3 kg
Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke tin (c)₁) = 1400 J.kg^-1 C^-1
Okpomọkụ tin (T)₁) = 80 ^oC

Oke mmiri (m)₂) = 10 kg
Okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem (c)₂) = 4200 J.kg^-1 C^-1

Okpomọkụ nhazi okpomọkụ (T) = 20 ^oC
Achọrọ: Okpomọkụ mmiri mbụ (T)₂)
Azịza:
A tọhapụrụ Q = A natara Q
Q tin = Q mmiri
m₁ c₁ ΔT = m₂ c₂ ΔT
(3)(1.400)(80-20) = (10)(4.200)(20-T)
(4.200)(60) = (42.000)(20-T)
252.000 = 840.000 – 42.000 T
42.000 T = 840.000 – 252.000
42.000 T = 588.000
T = 588.000 / 42.000
T = 14
Mmiri mbụ okpomọkụ bụ 14^oC.
Azịza ziri ezi bụ C.

15. A na-etinye ice nwere oke M gram na okpomọkụ nke 0 ^oC n'ime mmiri nwere oke gram 340 na okpomọkụ nke 20 ^oC nke a na-etinye n'ime arịa pụrụ iche . Were ya na arịa ahụ anaghị anabata/ewepụta okpomọkụ. Ọ bụrụ na L _ice = 80 cal g ^-1 , c _mmiri = 1 cal g ^{-1 oC -1} , ice niile na-agbaze ma na-enweta nguzozi okpomọkụ na okpomọkụ nke 5 ^oC , mgbe ahụ oke ice (M) ga-...

A. gram 60
B. 68 grams
C. 75 grams
D. 80 grams
E. 170 grams

Mkparịta ụka
A maara :
Mmiri dị n'ọbara (m) = gram 340
Okpomọkụ ice (T)_es) = 0^oC
Suhu mmiri (T)_ikuku) = 20^oC
Okpomọkụ nhazi okpomọkụ (T) = 5^oC
Okpomọkụ nke njikọta ice (L)_es) = 80 kalori g^-1
Okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem (c)_ikuku) = 1 kalori g^{-1 o}C^-1
A jụrụ : Oke ice (M)
Jawab :

Ụkpụrụ Ojii na-ekwu na n'ime sistemụ mechiri emechi nke dịpụrụ adịpụ, okpomọkụ nke ihe dị elu na-ewepụta bụ otu ihe ahụ na okpomọkụ nke ihe dị ala na-amịkọrọ.
Okpomọkụ mmiri na-ewepụta (Q na-ewepụta) = okpomọkụ ice na-amịkọrọ (Q na-amịkọrọ)
m_ikuku c_ikuku (T) = m_es L_es +m_es c_ikuku (T)
(340)(1)(20-5) = M (80) + M (1)(5-0)
(340)(15) = 80M + 5M
5100 = 85M
M = 5100/85
M = gram 60
Azịza ziri ezi bụ A.

Catatan:
Ọ bụrụ na e kwuru na ice nwere okpomọkụ nke 0^o mgbe ahụ mmiri ahụ ka dị n'ụdị siri ike. Ọ bụrụ na e kwuo na mmiri ahụ dị na okpomọkụ nke 0^oC mgbe ahụ mmiri ahụ dị n'ụdị mmiri mmiri. Mee ka ojiji nke okwu ndị a bụ ice na mmiri dị iche. Ebe ọ bụ na mmiri ahụ ka dị n'ụdị siri ike ma ọ bụ ice, a na-eji okpomọkụ a na-amịkọrọ na mbụ agbaze ice niile ka ọ bụrụ mmiri, ya mere n'akụkụ aka nri nke nha anya dị n'elu, a na-agbakwunye usoro iji gbakọọ ọnụọgụ okpomọkụ iji gbazee ice (m)_es L_es) Mgbe ice niile gbazere ghọọ mmiri, a na-eji okpomọkụ ọzọ ebuli okpomọkụ nke ice ahụ site na 0^oC na-aghọ 5^oC.

Isi mmalite ajụjụ:

Ajụjụ gbasara Fiziksi nke Ule Mba maka Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Sekọndrị/Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Sekọndrị Ọrụ