Ib qho tseem ceeb hauv lub TV ntse uas muaj kev nkag mus rau hauv internet
Cov TV tsis yog cov khoom siv rau kev txais cov xov tooj cua hauv av lossis cable xwb. Kev tshwm sim ntawm cov TV ntse tau hloov lawv mus rau hauv cov chaw lom ze digital txuas nrog internet, muaj peev xwm khiav cov apps streaming, ua kev tshawb nrhiav suab, thiab koom ua ke nrog cov khoom siv hauv tsev ntse. Rau tag nrho cov haujlwm no kom ua haujlwm tau zoo, lub TV ntse xav tau kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv kho vajtse thiab software uas txhawb nqa ib leeg. Nov yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm lub TV ntse uas muaj kev nkag mus rau hauv internet, nrog rau lawv lub luag haujlwm hauv kev siv txhua hnub.
1. Vaj huam sib luag tso saib
Qhov pom tseeb tshaj plaws ntawm lub TV yog lub vaj huam sib luag zaub. Qhov zoo ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag txiav txim siab qhov ntse ntawm daim duab, qhov tseeb ntawm xim, qhov kaj, thiab lub kaum sab xis. Cov hom vaj huam sib luag feem ntau muaj xws li:
– LED/LCD: Tseem yog qhov siv dav tshaj plaws vim tias tus nqi pheej yig thiab txuag hluav taws xob.
– OLED: Zoo dua qhov sib piv vim tias txhua lub pixel tuaj yeem ci nws tus kheej (tus kheej-emissive), ua rau cov xim dub tob dua.
– QLED/Mini-LED: Feem ntau yog siv LCD nrog kev txhim kho hauv cov txheej txheem quantum dot lossis backlight kom ci ntsa iab dua thiab tswj lub teeb zoo dua.
Ntxiv rau hom vaj huam sib luag, qhov kev daws teeb meem kuj tseem ceeb. Cov TV ntse niaj hnub no feem ntau tuaj hauv Full HD, 4K, thiab txawm tias 8K kev daws teeb meem, uas cuam tshuam rau cov duab kom meej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum saib cov ntsiab lus streaming zoo.
2. Processor (SoC) thiab GPU
Lub "lub hlwb" ntawm lub TV ntse yog SoC (System-on-Chip), uas muaj CPU, GPU, thiab lwm yam khoom siv ua haujlwm. Lub processor yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev khiav lub operating system, qhib cov ntawv thov, ua cov duab, thiab tswj kev sib txuas hauv internet. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm SoC cuam tshuam rau:
- Kev ceev khau raj thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntawv qhia zaub mov
- Kev khiav lag luam ntawm cov apps streaming du
- Muaj peev xwm ua ntau yam haujlwm tib lub sijhawm (piv txwv li qhib daim ntawv thov thaum ua si video)
- Kev ceev ntawm kev txiav txim siab video 4K/HDR
Lub GPU pab nrog kev ua cov duab interface, cov yeeb yaj kiab zaub mov, thiab kev ua cov duab ntxiv xws li kev ua kom ntse lossis kev nce qib.
3. RAM nco thiab qhov chaw cia khoom sab hauv
Yuav kom cov apps khiav tau zoo, cov TV ntse xav tau RAM txaus. RAM ntau dua yuav pab kom lub system teb tau sai, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum muaj ntau cov apps khiav hauv keeb kwm yav dhau.
Ntxiv rau RAM, muaj qhov chaw cia khoom sab hauv, uas siv los khaws cov operating system, cache, thiab cov apps uas tau teeb tsa. Qhov muaj peev xwm khaws cia cuam tshuam rau pes tsawg lub apps uas tuaj yeem teeb tsa tau thiab qhov ruaj khov ntawm lub TV yuav khiav li cas dhau sijhawm. Yog tias qhov muaj peev xwm khaws cia puv dhau, lub TV yuav qeeb lossis feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem hloov kho cov apps.
4. Lub kaw lus ua haujlwm (OS) thiab daim ntawv thov ecosystem
Ib qho ntawm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov TV ntse yog lub operating system. Lub OS txiav txim siab qhov tsos ntawm lub interface, qhov muaj app, kev txhawb nqa hloov tshiab, thiab cov yam ntxwv ntxiv xws li kev tswj lub suab lossis kev koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv. Cov system nrov suav nrog:
– Android TV / Google TV
- Tizen (feem ntau ntawm Samsung)
– webOS (feem ntau siv rau LG)
– Roku TV (hauv qee thaj chaw)
Ib lub OS zoo tsis yog tsuas yog hais txog tus naj npawb ntawm cov apps xwb, tab sis kuj yog qhov ruaj khov, yooj yim rau kev siv, thiab kev txhawb nqa rau kev hloov kho tshiab kev ruaj ntseg. Vim tias cov TV ntse txuas nrog internet, kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm lub system yog qhov tseem ceeb los kho qhov tsis zoo thiab tswj kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov apps streaming.
5. Cov modules txuas hauv internet: Wi-Fi thiab Ethernet
Kev nkag mus rau hauv Is Taws Nem yog lub plawv ntawm lub TV ntse. Kev sib txuas feem ntau suav nrog:
– Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz thiab 5 GHz): 5 GHz feem ntau yog ceev dua thiab ruaj khov dua rau kev tshaj tawm 4K, tab sis muaj qhov ntau thiab tsawg luv dua.
– Qhov chaw nres nkoj Ethernet (LAN): Muab kev sib txuas xov hlau uas ruaj khov thiab sib xws, zoo tagnrho rau kev tshaj tawm cov yeeb yaj kiab siab lossis siv uas xav tau latency qis.
Qee cov qauv tshiab kuj txhawb nqa cov qauv Wi-Fi siab dua (piv txwv li, Wi-Fi 5 lossis Wi-Fi 6), uas txhim kho qhov ceev thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub network, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov tsev uas muaj ntau yam khoom siv txuas nrog.
6. Tuner chipset thiab broadcast receiver
Txawm hais tias cov TV ntse yog lub npe hu ua streaming, ntau tus neeg siv tseem xav tau cov kev tshaj tawm hauv zos. Qhov no yog qhov uas lub tuner (DVB-T2, ATSC, ISDB-T, nyob ntawm lub tebchaws) tuaj rau hauv. Cov khoom no tso cai rau lub TV kom tau txais cov teeb liab digital los ntawm lub antenna. Lub TV ntse zoo muab cov kev paub txog kev tshaj tawm thiab streaming saib ua ke hauv ib qho interface, uas tso cai rau cov neeg siv hloov pauv yam tsis muaj teeb meem.
7. Cov chaw nres nkoj sib txuas thiab cov interfaces
Cov TV ntse kuj ua haujlwm ua lub hauv paus rau kev sib txuas rau lwm yam khoom siv. Cov khoom tseem ceeb suav nrog:
– HDMI (xws li HDMI ARC/eARC): Txuas cov game consoles, set-top boxes, thiab soundbars. eARC txhawb nqa lub suab zoo dua.
– USB: Txhawm rau ua si cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm, txuas lub keyboard/mouse, lossis qhov chaw cia sab nraud.
– Optical audio out / audio jack: Rau qee yam khoom siv suab.
– Bluetooth: Txuas lub mloog pob ntseg, lub tso suab, lossis chaw taws teeb.
Qhov muaj chaw nres nkoj thiab version (piv txwv li HDMI 2.0 lossis 2.1) txiav txim siab txhawb nqa cov yam ntxwv xws li 4K 120Hz, VRR, lossis ALLM rau cov neeg nyiam ua si.
8. Lub kaw lus suab: cov neeg hais lus, cov amplifiers, thiab kev ua suab
Qhov zoo ntawm lub suab ntawm Smart TV tsis yog hais txog qhov loj ntawm lub tso suab xwb, tab sis kuj yog kev tsim lub txee, cov amplifiers, thiab kev ua suab. Ntau lub TV niaj hnub no txhawb nqa cov qauv xws li Dolby Audio, Dolby Atmos (nyob ntawm tus qauv), lossis DTS ntawm qee lub khoom siv.
Thaum cov TV nyias zuj zus, cov neeg hais lus uas twb muaj lawm feem ntau tsis muaj zog txaus. Yog li ntawd, kev txhawb nqa eARC/ARC thiab Bluetooth yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho lub suab nrog lub soundbar lossis lub tsev ua yeeb yam hauv tsev.
9. Cov duab ua module
Ntxiv rau qhov kev daws teeb meem, qhov kev saib xyuas kuj raug cuam tshuam los ntawm lub TV lub peev xwm ua cov duab. Cov yam ntxwv ua cov duab feem ntau suav nrog:
- Kev nce qib los ntawm cov ntsiab lus daws teeb meem qis mus rau 4K
- HDR (High Dynamic Range) xws li HDR10, HLG, Dolby Vision (nyob ntawm kev txhawb nqa)
- Kev ua kom du thiab du ntawm kev txav mus los, txo suab nrov, thiab teeb tsa xim
Ib qho module ua cov duab zoo ua rau cov ntsiab lus streaming zoo li ntse dua thiab ntuj dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm cov chaw uas tsis zoo tag nrho.
10. Kev tswj chaw taws teeb thiab lub kaw lus nkag
Ib feem uas feem ntau tsis quav ntsej yog lub chaw taws teeb tswj. Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm cov TV ntse, lub chaw taws teeb tswj yog lub qhov rooj tseem ceeb rau kev sib cuag nrog cov neeg siv. Ntau lub chaw taws teeb tswj tam sim no suav nrog:
- Microphone rau kev tshawb nrhiav suab
- Cov yuam sij kub rau cov apps streaming
- Sensor lossis pointer (rau qee hom)
- Kev txhawb nqa Bluetooth yog li koj tsis tas yuav taw tes ncaj qha rau TV
Ntxiv rau qhov chaw taws teeb tswj, cov TV ntse kuj tseem txhawb nqa kev nkag los ntawm cov apps smartphone, keyboards, lossis txawm tias kev tswj hwm los ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev ntse.
11. Kev ruaj ntseg, kev hloov kho firmware, thiab kev tiv thaiv kev ceev ntiag tug
Vim tias lawv txuas nrog internet, cov TV ntse xav tau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov khoom siv. Qhov no suav nrog kev sib txuas encryption, app permission systems, thiab firmware updates. Cov khoom siv/software kev ruaj ntseg yog qhov tseem ceeb heev los tiv thaiv kev nkag mus ntawm malware, kev nyiag streaming account, lossis cov ntaub ntawv neeg siv. Cov neeg siv kuj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau cov chaw teeb tsa kev ceev ntiag tug, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias lub TV muaj lub microphone lossis lub koob yees duab (ntawm qee cov qauv).
12. Cov sensors thiab nta ntxiv (xaiv tau)
Qee lub TV ntse muaj cov khoom ntxiv xws li:
- Lub teeb sensor los kho qhov kaj tau
- Chromecast ua ke los yog AirPlay (nyob ntawm seb lub ecosystem zoo li cas)
- Kev sib koom ua ke hauv tsev ntse los ntawm Google Assistant, Alexa, lossis lwm lub platform
Txawm hais tias xaiv tau los xij, qhov feature no ntxiv qhov yooj yim thiab ua rau nws yooj yim dua los hloov lub TV mus ua ib qho chaw tswj kev lom zem hauv tsev.
Xaus
Lub TV ntse uas muaj kev nkag mus rau hauv internet yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tso saib, kev suav lej, kev sib txuas, thiab software. Cov khoom tseem ceeb xws li lub vaj huam sib luag tso saib, SoC, RAM thiab qhov chaw cia khoom, operating system, Wi-Fi/Ethernet, cov chaw txuas, suab, thiab kev ua cov duab ua haujlwm ua ke los muab kev saib ceev, ntse, thiab yooj yim. Thaum xaiv lub TV ntse, kev xav txog cov khoom no yuav pab koj nrhiav tau lub cuab yeej zoo tshaj plaws rau koj cov kev xav tau - txawm tias koj tab tom saib yeeb yaj kiab, ua si, lossis tsuas yog txaus siab rau koj cov kev tshaj tawm digital txhua hnub.
Yog tias koj xav tau, kuv tuaj yeem hloov kho tsab xov xwm no kom haum rau cov haujlwm hauv tsev kawm ntawv/tsev kawm qib siab, lossis ntxiv ib ntu "cov lus qhia xaiv TV ntse" raws li koj xav tau (4K streaming, gaming, lossis siv hauv tsev neeg).
