Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Network nrog Wireshark
Kev tshuaj xyuas lub network hauv computer yog ib qho txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau kev tswj hwm thiab kev saib xyuas cov khoom siv IT niaj hnub no. Nrog rau qhov nyuaj ntawm cov khoom siv network, qhov xav tau cov cuab yeej tshuaj xyuas txhim khu kev qha thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo tau dhau los ua qhov ceev heev. Ib qho ntawm cov cuab yeej nrov tshaj plaws rau kev tshuaj xyuas network yog Wireshark, ib qho software qhib muaj zog thiab ntau yam. Tsab xov xwm no yuav tham txog Wireshark, nws cov yam ntxwv, thiab yuav siv nws li cas rau kev tshuaj xyuas network.
Wireshark yog dab tsi?
Wireshark yog ib qho software qhib rau kev tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv network uas tso cai rau cov neeg siv kom ntes thiab tshuaj xyuas cov tsheb khiav hauv network kom meej. Tsim los ntawm Gerald Combs hauv xyoo 1998, Wireshark yav dhau los hu ua Ethereal. Nrog Wireshark, cov neeg siv tuaj yeem saib txhua lub pob ntaub ntawv hla lub network, uas tso cai rau lawv tshuaj xyuas cov teeb meem kev ua haujlwm ntawm network, nrhiav kev ua txhaum cai kev ruaj ntseg, thiab nkag siab txog ntau yam kev cai network ua haujlwm li cas.
Cov yam ntxwv thiab qhov zoo ntawm Wireshark
1. Kev Tshawb Fawb tob tob:
Wireshark muaj peev xwm tshuaj xyuas ntau pua hom network protocols sib txawv thiab nws cov neeg tsim khoom tau hloov kho tas li. Qhov no tso cai rau cov neeg siv txheeb xyuas thiab tshuaj xyuas txhua pob ntaub ntawv uas hla dhau lub network.
2. Kev Sau Cov Ntaub Ntawv Ncaj Qha:
Wireshark tuaj yeem ntes tau cov tsheb khiav hauv network tam sim ntawd thiab tiag tiag. Cov ntaub ntawv ntes tau tuaj yeem khaws cia thiab tshuaj xyuas tom qab, muab kev ywj pheej zoo rau cov neeg siv.
3. Tus Neeg Siv Khoom Zoo:
Txawm hais tias nthuav tawm cov ntaub ntawv kev siv tshuab thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntxaws ntxaws, Wireshark tus neeg siv interface yog tsim los kom yooj yim rau cov neeg siv nrog cov yam ntxwv xws li cov ntxaij lim dej uas tso cai rau cov neeg siv kom yooj yim cais tawm thiab tshuaj xyuas cov pob ntawv tshwj xeeb.
4. Lim muaj zog:
Wireshark muaj peev xwm lim dej zoo heev, uas tso cai rau cov neeg siv tsom mus rau cov pawg me me ntawm cov tsheb khiav hauv network uas cuam tshuam rau qhov teeb meem uas tab tom tshawb nrhiav.
5. Lub Zej Zog thiab Cov Kev Pab:
Ua ib lub cuab yeej qhib qhov chaw, Wireshark tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm lub zej zog loj thiab nquag uas muab cov ntaub ntawv pub dawb, cov lus qhia, thiab kev txhawb nqa.
Yuav ua li cas Wireshark Ua Haujlwm
Yuav siv Wireshark, thawj kauj ruam yog nruab cov software rau hauv koj lub computer. Thaum twg ntsia tau lawm, cov neeg siv tuaj yeem xaiv lub network interface uas lawv xav saib xyuas thiab pib ntes cov ntaub ntawv packets. Wireshark mam li tso saib tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv packets uas ntes tau hauv ib lub rooj. Txhua kab hauv lub rooj no sawv cev rau ib lub data packet thiab muaj cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim xws li lub sijhawm, qhov chaw, qhov chaw mus, protocol, thiab cov ntaub ntawv luv luv txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub packet.
Cov Kauj Ruam Yooj Yim Siv Wireshark
1. Kev teeb tsa:
Wireshark yog pub dawb rau rub tawm los ntawm lub vev xaib Wireshark (https://www.wireshark.org). Cov txheej txheem teeb tsa yooj yim heev, thiab nws muaj rau ntau lub platform, suav nrog Windows, macOS, thiab Linux.
2. Xaiv Qhov Sib Txuas Lus:
Thaum lub installation tiav lawm, qhib Wireshark thiab xaiv lub network interface uas koj xav siv rau kev ntes pob ntawv. Wireshark yuav tso saib cov npe ntawm cov interfaces muaj nyob rau ntawm koj lub cuab yeej.
3. Pib Kev Ntes:
Thaum xaiv lub interface lawm, nias lub pob "Start" kom pib txheej txheem ntes cov ntaub ntawv. Thaum cov txheej txheem no ua haujlwm, Wireshark yuav ntes tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv pob ntawv uas hla dhau lub interface uas xaiv.
4. Siv cov lim dej:
Vim muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv raug sau los, kev siv cov lim dej yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los lim cov tsheb khiav tsis tsim nyog. Cov lim dej tuaj yeem sau ua hom ntawv yooj yim lossis siv cov lus lim dej nyuaj dua.
5. Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Pob Khoom:
Thaum twg ib qho kev ntes tau cov ntaub ntawv tiav lawm, Wireshark tso cai rau cov neeg siv ob npaug nias rau ntawm ib qho ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb kom pom cov ntaub ntawv ntxaws ntxiv. Lub qhov rai qhia txog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muab cov ntaub ntawv ntxaws ntxaws uas npog txhua txheej ntawm OSI qauv.
Kev Kawm Txog Qhov Teeb Meem: Kev daws teeb meem nrog Wireshark
Ua piv txwv qhia tau tias, xav tias tus thawj coj hauv network tab tom ntsib teeb meem nrog kev rub tawm cov ntaub ntawv qeeb heev ntawm lub network tuam txhab. Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau muaj teeb meem, Wireshark siv tau:
1. Txheeb Xyuas Tsheb:
Tus thawj coj pib Wireshark thiab xaiv lub interface uas cuam tshuam nrog ntu network uas muaj teeb meem. Tom qab ntawd, nws pib ntes cov tsheb khiav mus rau ob peb feeb.
2. Siv cov lim dej:
Los ntawm kev siv lub lim xws li `ip.addr == 192.168.1.100` (nrog rau tus IP tshwj xeeb uas paub tias cuam tshuam nrog qhov teeb meem), cov thawj coj tuaj yeem tsom mus rau kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoos phis tawj uas muaj teeb meem.
3. Tshuaj xyuas cov pob khoom:
Cov thawj coj saib xyuas cov pob ntawv uas cuam tshuam nrog cov ntaub ntawv system lossis cov txheej txheem rub tawm. Piv txwv li, yog tias lub server siv FTP, cov thawj coj yuav lim cov pob ntawv los ntawm 'ftp' thiab tshuaj xyuas qhov sib lawv liag ntawm cov pob ntawv ntawd.
4. Kev Txheeb Xyuas Qhov Teeb Meem:
Thaum kuaj xyuas, tej zaum yuav pom tias muaj ntau qhov kev xa rov qab uas qhia tias muaj teeb meem hauv network lossis teeb meem nrog txoj kev TCP.
Wireshark hauv Kev Ruaj Ntseg Hauv Network
Ntxiv rau qhov kev daws teeb meem, Wireshark kuj tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo heev rau kev ruaj ntseg hauv network. Piv txwv li, kev ntes DoS tawm tsam lossis kev sim nkag mus rau hauv feem ntau tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas los ntawm cov qauv tsheb khiav tsis zoo thiab cov pob khoom phem. Los ntawm kev lim cov tsheb khiav rau qhov tsis zoo lossis cov txheej txheem tsis zoo, cov thawj coj network tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas thiab daws cov kev hem thawj ua ntej lawv ua rau lub kaw lus puas tsuaj.
Xaus
Wireshark yog ib lub cuab yeej tshuaj xyuas network muaj zog, muaj peev xwm ntes thiab tshuaj xyuas cov tsheb khiav hauv network kom ntxaws heev. Nrog rau cov yam ntxwv zoo xws li cov lim dej muaj zog, lub interface yooj yim siv, thiab kev txhawb nqa hauv zej zog dav dav, Wireshark zoo tagnrho rau ntau yam haujlwm, los ntawm kev daws teeb meem mus rau kev ruaj ntseg network. Kev paub txog Wireshark tuaj yeem yog qhov txiaj ntsig zoo rau txhua tus kws tshaj lij IT, muab kev nkag siab tob txog lawv lub network ua haujlwm li cas thiab yuav ua li cas daws cov teeb meem uas tshwm sim.
