Cov tsom iav kho qhov muag - teeb meem thiab kev daws teeb meem

1. Lub zog ntawm lub lens tsom iav yog -2 Diopters. Qhov nrug ntawm qhov qhov muag thiab tsom iav yog 2cm.

(A) Lub tsom iav muaj ib lub lens sib txuas or lub lens sib txawv?

(B) Lub focal length ntawm lub lens yog dab tsi?

(c) qhov muag pom kev ze lossis qhov muag pom kev deb Yog tias pom kev deb, ces qhov deb ntawd yuav yog dab tsi?

Paub:

Lub zog ntawm lub lens (P) = -2 Diopters

Tshuaj:

(A) Cov lens sib txuas lossis cov lens sib cais

Lub cim rho tawm ntawm lub zog ntawm lub lens qhia tias lub lens sib txuas lus yog lub lens sib cais.

(B) Qhov ntev ntawm qhov focal

P = 1/f

-2 = 1/f

f = 1/-2 = -0.5 m = -50 cm

Qhov ntev ntawm lub lens diverging yog 50 cm.

(c) qhov muag pom kev ze lossis qhov muag pom kev deb qhov muag?

-1 /d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o

-1 /d_i = -1/50 – 1/~ = -1/50 – 0

-1 /d_i = -1/50

d_i Luas = 50 cm

Qhov nrug ntawm daim duab yog 50 cm + 2 cm = 52 cm. 52 cm yog qhov deb ntawm qhov qhov muag pom kev deb. Rau ib lub qhov muag ib txwm, qhov deb tshaj plaws yog qhov tsis muaj qhov kawg.

2. Lub zog ntawm lub lens tsom iav yog 4 Diopters. deb nruab nrab ntawm lub qhov muag thiab lub tsom iav yog 2 cm.

(A) Lub tsom iav muaj lub lens sib sau ua ke lossis lub lens sib cais?

(B) Qhov ntev ntawm lub lens yog dab tsi? ?

(C) qhov muag pom tsis meej or pom kev deb qhov muag? Yog tias pom ze, ces qhov ze ntawd yuav yog dab tsi?

Paub:

lub zog ntawm lub lens (P) = 4 Diopters

Tshuaj:

(A) Cov lens sib txuas lossis cov lens sib cais

cov ntxivlub cim qhia tias lub lens muaj zog qhia tias lub lens ntawd hloov siab lub lens.

(B) Qhov ntev ntawm qhov focal

P = 1/f

4 = 1/f

f = 1/4 = 0.25 m = 25 cm

Qhov ntev ntawm hloov siab lub lens yog 25 cm.

(c) qhov muag pom kev ze lossis qhov muag pom kev deb qhov muag?

-1 /d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o

-1 /d_i = 1/25 – 1/23 = 23/575 – 25/575 = -2/575

-d_i= 575/-2 = -287.5 cm = -2.875 meters

d_i = 287.5 cm = 2.875 meterss

Qhov nrug ntawm daim duab yog 287.5 cm + 2 cm = 289.5 cm. 289.5 cm yog nyob ze qhov chaw ntawm nyob zeqhov muag pom kev. Rau ib lub qhov muag ib txwm, qhov nyob ze qhov taw tes yog 25 cm.

3. Ib lub qhov muag muaj qhov ze ntawm 16 cm thiab qhov deb ntawm 80 cm. Yog tias nws siv tsom iav, nws tuaj yeem pom cov khoom deb kom meej. Siv tsom iav, qhov deb ntawm cov khoom ze tshaj plaws uas pom tau meej yog….

A. 13 1/3 cm

B. 20 cm

C. 36 cm

D. 48 1/3 cm

Paub:

Qhov deb ntawm tus neeg yog 80 cm, yog li ntawd, xaus lus tias tus neeg ntawd raug kev txom nyem tsis pom kev zoo Qhov muag tsis pom kev ze uas tshwm sim los ntawm lub lens ntawm lub qhov muag nkhaus dua li qhov nws yuav tsum zoo li hauv lub qhov muag ib txwm yog li qhov ntev ntawm lub lens ntawm lub qhov muag raug txo qis. Qhov no ua rau lub teeb ntawm qhov tsis kawg (qhov deb) tsis tsom mus rau ntawm retina tab sis tsom mus rau pem hauv ntej ntawm retina.

SE pob: Qhov deb ntawm qhov ze tshaj plaws uas pom tau meej meej siv cov tsom iav

Tshuaj:

Tus neeg qhov deb ntawm lub tsom iav yog 80 cm. Lub lens ntawm lub tsom iav yuav tsum tsim ib daim duab ntawm qhov deb ntawm 80 cm ntawm nws pem hauv ntej. Daim duab nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub qhov muag thiab lub lens ntawm lub tsom iav kom daim duab yog virtual thiab ncaj. Yog li qhov deb ntawm daim duab (d') = -80 cm. Yog tias tus neeg hnav tsom iav, nws tuaj yeem pom cov khoom deb heev kom meej. Yog li qhov deb ntawm cov khoom (d) = qhov deb ntawm lub qhov muag ib txwm = infinity = ~.

Qhov ntev ntawm lub lens ntawm lub qhov muag:

1/f = 1/hnub + 1/hnub'

1/f = 1/~ + (- 1/80)

1/f = 0 – 1/80

1/f = – 1/80

f = – 80 / 1

f = – 80 cm

Qhov ntev focal kos npe negative txhais tau tias lub lens ntawm cov tsom iav siv yog lub lens concave lossis diverging lens.

Yog tias tus neeg siv tib lub tsom iav ces qhov ze tshaj plaws uas pom tau meej yog qhov ze npaum li cas? Qhov ntev ntawm lub lens (f) = -80 cm. Lub lens yuav tsum tsim ib daim duab ntawm qhov deb ntawm 16 cm ntawm lub qhov muag thiab lub lens, kom daim duab yog virtual thiab kos npe negative. Yog li qhov deb ntawm daim duab (d') = -16 cm.

1 / d = 1 / f – 1 / d' = -1/80 – (-1/16) = -1/80 + 1/16 = -1/80 + 5/80 = 4/80

d = 80/4 = 20 cm.

Qhov khoom ze tshaj plaws uas pom tseeb yog 20 cm.

Cov lus teb yog B.

4. Raws li daim duab, nws tuaj yeem xaus lus tias ...

Tshuaj:

qhov muag pom kev deb	Qhov muag pom kev deb + lub lens sib hloov

Lub lens sib txuas = lub lens convex = lub lens zoo

Cov lus teb yog B.

5. Qhov ze tshaj plaws ntawm tus neeg mob hypermetropy yog 2 m. Yuav kom pom tau tus neeg muaj qhov muag ib txwm ces tus neeg ntawd yuav tsum siv tsom iav...

A. -1.5 Diopters

B. -2.5 Diopters

C. +3.5 Diopters

D. +4.5 Diopters

Paub:

Qhov ze ntawm cov neeg uas muaj teeb meem hypermetropy (farsightedness) = 2 meters

Qhov ze ntawm lub qhov muag ib txwm = 25 cm = 0.25 meters

SE pob: Lub zog ntawm cov tsom iav lens

Tshuaj:

Lub lens yuav tsum tsim ib daim duab ntawm qhov deb ntawm 2 meters ntawm lub qhov muag kom daim duab yog virtual thiab kos npe negative. Yog li qhov deb ntawm daim duab (d') = – 2 meters.

Yuav kom pom kev zoo li tus neeg muaj qhov muag ib txwm, qhov deb ntawm yam khoom (d) = qhov ze ntawm lub qhov muag ib txwm = 25 cm = 0.25 meters.

Qhov ntev ntawm lub lens ntawm lub tsom iav:

1/f = 1/hnub + 1/hnub'

1/f = 1/0.25 + (-1/2) = 1/0.25 – 1/2 = 8/2 – 1/2 = 7/2

f = 2/7

Qhov ntev focal kos npe positive txhais tau tias lub lens ntawm iav siv yog lub lens positive lossis lub lens convex lossis lub lens converging.

Lub zog ntawm lub lens:

P = 1 / f = 1: 2/7 = 1 x 7/2 = 7/2 = +3.5 Diopters

Cov lus teb yog C.

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1. Cov teeb meem thiab kev daws teeb meem ntawm daim iav concave
2. Cov teeb meem thiab kev daws teeb meem ntawm daim iav convex
3. Cov teeb meem thiab kev daws teeb meem ntawm cov lens sib txawv
4. Cov teeb meem thiab kev daws teeb meem ntawm Converging lens
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