Qhov txawv ntawm Ferrous Metallurgy thiab Non-Ferrous Metallurgy
Metallurgy yog kev tshawb fawb uas kawm txog cov khoom siv lub cev thiab tshuaj ntawm cov hlau, nrog rau lawv cov ntawv thov thiab cov txheej txheem. Hauv metallurgy, muaj ob qho kev faib ua pawg tseem ceeb: ferrous metallurgy thiab non-ferrous metallurgy. Txhua tus muaj cov yam ntxwv sib txawv, daim ntawv thov, thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tshawb nrhiav qhov sib txawv ntawm ferrous metallurgy thiab non-ferrous metallurgy.
Kev Txhais Lus ntawm Ferrous thiab Non-Ferrous Metallurgy
Kev Lag Luam Hlau Dub
Kev ua hlau dub yog hais txog kev ua cov hlau uas muaj hlau ua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb. Cov hlau no suav nrog hlau thiab hlau, uas ua ke yog pawg hlau loj tshaj plaws uas tsim thiab siv thoob ntiaj teb. Hlau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv zej zog kev lag luam niaj hnub no vim nws lub zog tshwj xeeb, kev ruaj khov, thiab kev ywj pheej.
Cov Hlau Uas Tsis Yog Hlau
Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev ua hlau tsis yog hlau suav nrog kev ua cov hlau uas tsis muaj hlau, lossis tsuas muaj hlau me me ua qhov tsis huv. Cov hlau tsis yog hlau no suav nrog txhuas, tooj liab, tin, zinc, titanium, thiab lwm yam. Cov hlau no paub txog lawv cov khoom tshwj xeeb xws li kev ua hluav taws xob siab (xws li tooj liab), kev tiv thaiv corrosion (xws li txhuas), thiab qhov hnyav tshwj xeeb qis (xws li titanium).
Qhov sib txawv ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Lub Cev thiab Tshuaj
Cov Khoom Siv Lub Cev thiab Tshuaj Lom Zem ntawm Cov Hlau Dub
1. Lub Zog thiab Kev Ruaj Khov: Hlau thiab hlau yog paub txog lawv lub zog tensile siab thiab tiv taus cov khoom siv kho tshuab.
2. Lub Zog Nqus Tshwj Xeeb: Cov hlau dub feem ntau muaj lub zog nqus tshwj xeeb siab dua piv rau cov hlau uas tsis yog hlau xws li txhuas lossis titanium.
3. Kev Ua Hluav Taws Xob: Qhov hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity ntawm cov hlau dub xws li hlau qis dua li cov hlau uas tsis yog ferrous xws li tooj liab.
4. Kev xeb: Hlau thiab hlau feem ntau yuav oxidize lossis xeb yog tias lawv tsis tau muab kev tiv thaiv ntxiv xws li txheej galvanized.
Cov Khoom Siv Lub Cev thiab Tshuaj Lom Zem ntawm Cov Hlau Uas Tsis Yog Hlau
1. Kev Ua Hluav Taws Xob thiab Kev Ua Kub: Ntau yam hlau uas tsis yog hlau xws li tooj liab thiab txhuas muaj kev ua hluav taws xob thiab kev ua kub siab.
2. Qhov Nyhav Sib Tw: Qee cov hlau uas tsis yog hlau xws li txhuas thiab titanium muaj qhov hnyav tshwj xeeb qis dua, ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau cov ntaub ntawv sib dua tab sis muaj zog.
3. Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Xeb: Cov hlau uas tsis yog ferrous feem ntau tiv taus kev xeb ntau dua li cov hlau ferrous, ua rau lawv tsim nyog rau kev siv hauv cov chaw muaj kev xeb.
4. Kev Yooj Yim Thiab Kev Hloov Tau: Ntau yam hlau uas tsis yog hlau, xws li kub thiab nyiaj, muaj kev yooj yim thiab kev hloov tau zoo, ua rau lawv yooj yim rau kev puab thiab ua.
Cov ntawv thov hauv ntiaj teb kev lag luam
Cov Ntawv Thov Dub Metallurgy
1. Kev Lag Luam Tsim Kho: Hlau yog siv dav hauv kev tsim kho vaj tse, choj thiab lwm yam kev tsim kho vaj tse vim nws muaj zog thiab ruaj khov.
2. Tsheb: Cov thav tsheb thiab cov khoom siv feem ntau yog ua los ntawm hlau vim nws muaj peev xwm tiv taus cov khoom siv kho tshuab.
3. Kev Lag Luam Tshuab: Hlau cam khwb cia kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv thiab tshuab kev lag luam vim nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab txhim khu kev qha.
Cov Ntawv Thov Metallurgy Uas Tsis Yog Hlau
1. Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob: Tooj liab yog siv rau hauv cov cables thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob vim nws muaj hluav taws xob zoo.
2. Kev Siv Dav Hlau: Titanium thiab txhuas yog siv dav hauv kev lag luam dav hlau vim lawv lub zog siab rau qhov hnyav.
3. Kev Tsim Kho thiab Kev Rwb Thaiv Kub: Txhuas yog siv rau hauv kev tsim kho thiab cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv kub vim nws txoj kev tiv thaiv xeb thiab kev ua tau zoo thermal.
4. Tshuaj: Qee cov hlau uas tsis yog hlau xws li titanium kuj siv rau hauv kev cog hniav vim lawv cov biocompatibility.
Cov Txheej Txheem Tsim Khoom thiab Cov Txheej Txheem
Kev Tsim Khoom Siv Hlau Dub
Kev tsim cov hlau dub xws li hlau feem ntau muaj cov txheej txheem hauv qab no:
1. Kev Rho Hlau: Cov hlau ore raug yaj hauv lub cub tawg kom tshem tawm cov khoom tsis huv thiab hloov mus ua cov hlau ua kua.
2. Kev Ua Kom Zoo: Cov hlau nyoos ces raug ua kom zoo los ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li Bessemer lossis Open Hearth los tsim cov hlau zoo.
3. Kev Tsim: Cov hlau uas yaj lawm raug nchuav rau hauv pwm thiab tom qab ntawd txuas ntxiv nrog kev dov, kev sib tsoo, lossis kev rho tawm kom tau txais cov duab xav tau.
Kev Tsim Khoom Siv Hlau Uas Tsis Yog Hlau
Kev tsim cov hlau uas tsis yog ferrous muaj ntau yam txheej txheem sib txawv nyob ntawm hom hlau:
1. Electrolysis: Piv txwv li, txhuas yog tsim los ntawm Hall-Héroult txheej txheem, uas alumina raug txo kom ua txhuas ntshiab siv electrolysis.
2. Kev Ua Kom Huv Si: Lwm cov hlau uas tsis yog hlau xws li tooj liab tuaj yeem ua kom huv si los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem flotation thiab smelting.
3. Kev Sib Xyaws: Cov hlau uas tsis yog hlau feem ntau raug sib xyaw nrog lwm cov ntsiab lus los tsim cov sib xyaw nrog cov yam ntxwv xav tau, xws li duralumin (ib qho sib xyaw txhuas rau lub zog siab).
Tus nqi thiab kev ruaj khov
Cov Nqi Hlau Dub
1. Siv Zog Ntau: Kev tsim hlau yog ib qho txheej txheem siv zog ntau heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ua haujlwm ntawm lub cub tawg.
2. Tus nqi khoom siv raw: Cov hlau ore pheej yig thiab muaj ntau, tab sis nws cov txheej txheem nyuaj ntxiv rau tus nqi.
3. Kev Ruaj Khov: Cov txheej txheem ua hlau thiab hlau tsim cov pa roj carbon ntau heev, ua rau kev ruaj khov yog qhov teeb meem loj.
Cov Nqi Hlau Uas Tsis Yog Hlau
1. Cov Txheej Txheem Tshwj Xeeb: Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tshwj xeeb dua xws li electrolysis tsim cov nqi pib siab rau cov hlau uas tsis yog hlau.
2. Cov Khoom Siv Raw: Cov hlau uas tsis yog ferrous feem ntau kim dua vim yog cov txheej txheem rho tawm nyuaj dua thiab cov peev txheej tsawg dua.
3. Kev Ruaj Khov: Ntau yam hlau uas tsis yog hlau, tshwj xeeb yog txhuas, tuaj yeem rov ua dua tshiab tau zoo, ua rau lawv zoo rau ib puag ncig.
Xaus
Qhov sib txawv ntawm ferrous metallurgy thiab non-ferrous metallurgy yog nyob rau hauv lawv cov tshuaj lom neeg, cov khoom siv lub cev, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, thiab kev siv hauv kev lag luam. Cov hlau ferrous xws li hlau thiab hlau yog paub txog lawv lub zog tshwj xeeb thiab siv dav hauv kev tsim kho thiab kev lag luam hnyav. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov hlau non-ferrous xws li txhuas thiab tooj liab muaj qhov zoo hauv kev coj ua thiab kev tiv thaiv corrosion, ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb thiab kev siv tshuab xws li hluav taws xob thiab kev lag luam aerospace. Los ntawm kev nkag siab txog cov kev sib txawv no, peb tuaj yeem xaiv hom hlau uas haum rau qhov xav tau ntawm daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb, xav txog tus nqi thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ruaj khov ib puag ncig hauv cov txheej txheem txiav txim siab.
