Nkag Siab Txog Cov Hom Hlau thiab Lawv Cov Kev Siv
Hlau yog ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim kho, siv rau ntau yam lag luam, txij li cov khoom siv hauv tsev mus rau cov tsev siab siab, cov choj loj, thiab cov tsheb. Cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm hlau yog nws lub zog, kev ruaj khov, thiab kev yooj ywm. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tshawb nrhiav ntau hom hlau thiab lawv cov ntawv thov kom nkag siab zoo dua txog qhov zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm txhua hom.
Cov Hlau Carbon
Cov hlau carbon yog hom hlau uas siv ntau tshaj plaws thiab muaj hlau sib xyaw nrog me ntsis carbon. Cov hlau carbon nws tus kheej muaj peb pawg: cov hlau carbon tsawg, cov hlau carbon nruab nrab, thiab cov hlau carbon siab.
Cov Hlau Carbon Tsawg
Cov hlau uas muaj cov pa roj carbon tsawg muaj cov pa roj carbon txog li 0.3%. Qhov zoo ntawm cov hlau uas muaj cov pa roj carbon tsawg yog nws yooj yim rau kev ua kom zoo nkauj thiab lub zog tensile zoo. Hom hlau no feem ntau siv rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom uas xav tau kev sib tsoo yooj yim, xws li cov hlau tuav, cov hlau phaj, thiab lwm yam hlau profile. Cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov hlau uas muaj cov pa roj carbon tsawg suav nrog cov hlau xaim, cov kav dej, thiab qee qhov khoom siv tshuab.
Hlau Carbon Nruab Nrab
Cov hlau carbon nruab nrab muaj cov pa roj carbon ntawm 0.3% thiab 0.6%. Hom hlau no muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm lub zog thiab kev yooj yim khoov. Yog li ntawd, cov hlau carbon nruab nrab feem ntau siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov uas xav tau lub zog siab thiab kev tiv taus hnav, xws li cov iav, cov ncej, thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsheb.
Cov Hlau Carbon Siab
Cov hlau uas muaj cov pa roj carbon ntau muaj cov pa roj carbon ntawm 0.6% thiab 1.4%. Cov pa roj carbon ntau dua ua rau muaj zog dua tab sis ua rau cov hlau tawv dua thiab tsis tshua tiv taus kev cuam tshuam. Cov hlau uas muaj cov pa roj carbon ntau feem ntau yog siv rau cov cuab yeej uas xav tau kev ruaj khov zoo heev, xws li cov hniav txiav, cov riam, cov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thiab lwm yam cuab yeej txiav.
Cov Hlau Sib Xyaws
Cov hlau sib xyaw yog cov hlau sib xyaw nrog lwm yam tsis yog carbon, xws li chromium, nickel, molybdenum, lossis vanadium, los txhim kho cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb. Cov hlau sib xyaw muaj ntau yam khoom siv kho tshuab, suav nrog kev tiv taus corrosion, nce lub zog thiab qhov nyuaj, thiab txhim kho kev tawv.
Hlau tsis xeb
Cov hlau tsis xeb yog cov hlau sib xyaw uas muaj tsawg kawg yog 10.5% chromium, uas ua rau nws tiv taus xeb thiab tiv taus oxidation. Cov hlau tsis xeb yog nrov hauv kev lag luam zaub mov, cov cuab yeej phais, thiab cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj hauv tsev vim nws huv thiab tiv taus xeb. Cov hlau tsis xeb feem ntau siv rau cov khoom siv hauv chav ua noj, cov khoom siv kho mob, thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev xws li lub tsev thiab cov ntaiv ntaiv.
Chrome-Molybdenum Hlau
Cov hlau chrome-molybdenum feem ntau siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov uas xav tau lub zog tensile siab thiab kev tiv taus siab. Nws yog siv dav hauv cov khoom siv cav tsheb, xws li cov ncej thiab cov iav, thiab hauv cov kav dej hauv kev lag luam roj thiab roj av.
Hlau Nickel
Qhov ntxiv nickel rau hauv cov hlau ua rau nws cov tawv thiab cua sov tawm ntau ntxiv, ua rau nws zoo rau cov kev siv hauv qhov kub qis. Cov hlau nickel feem ntau siv rau hauv cov qauv uas raug rau qhov kub thiab txias heev, xws li cov nkoj hauv qab dej thiab cov thoob dej cia khoom cryogenic.
Cov Hlau Cuab Yeej
Cov hlau siv rau cov cuab yeej yog ib hom hlau uas tsim tshwj xeeb rau kev siv rau hauv kev txiav, khoov, thiab tshuab cov cuab yeej. Cov hlau siv rau cov cuab yeej muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab raug ua tiav rau hauv txoj kev uas ua rau lawv muaj zog thiab tiv taus kev hnav.
Hlau Ceev Ceev
Cov hlau ceev ceev muaj tungsten thiab cobalt, uas ua rau nws tseem ruaj khov thaum kub siab. Cov hlau no feem ntau siv rau hauv cov cuab yeej txiav, xws li cov laum laum, cov hniav tshuab, thiab cov hniav pom.
Hlau pwm
Cov hlau pwm siv los ua pwm thiab pwm rau kev ua cov yas, hlau, thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Cov hlau no yog xaiv rau nws txoj kev tiv taus kev hnav thiab muaj peev xwm tiv taus kev nyuaj siab. Cov hlau pwm feem ntau siv rau hauv kev lag luam tsheb los ua lub cev tsheb thiab hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob rau cov khoom siv.
Cov Hlau Ua Vaj Tse
Cov hlau ua vaj tse siv rau hauv kev tsim kho ntau lub tsev thiab cov khoom siv hauv paus. Cov hlau no yuav tsum ua tau raws li cov qauv kev ruaj khov thiab kev ruaj khov kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov qauv uas tab tom tsim.
H-Beam thiab I-Beam
Ob hom hlau uas siv ntau hauv kev tsim kho yog H-beams thiab I-beams. Ob qho tib si yog siv ua cov khoom txhawb nqa tseem ceeb hauv cov tsev siab, choj, thiab lwm yam qauv loj. H-beams thiab I-beams yog tsim los txhawb cov khoom hnyav thiab ua kom cov qauv ruaj khov.
Qhov Sib Txawv ntawm Cov Hlau Tuav
Cov hlau uas muaj qhov sib txuas (grip gap steel) feem ntau siv rau hauv kev tsim choj thiab lwm yam qauv loj uas xav tau cov pob qij txha uas muaj zog thiab yoog tau. Cov hlau no tuaj yeem tiv taus cov khoom hnyav thiab muaj kev tiv taus zoo rau ntau yam huab cua.
Cov Hlau Rebar
Cov hlau no yog siv rau kev txhawb zog hauv cov pob zeb ua vaj tse kom ua kom cov qauv tsev ruaj khov. Rebar muab kev txhawb nqa ntxiv thiab ua rau cov pob zeb ua vaj tse muaj peev xwm tiv taus cov khoom hnyav. Nws feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim kho lub hauv paus, phab ntsa pob zeb ua vaj tse, thiab lwm yam qauv tsev.
Hlau Tshwj Xeeb
Kuj tseem muaj ntau hom hlau tshwj xeeb uas tsim los rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb uas xav tau cov khoom siv kho tshuab tshwj xeeb lossis tiv taus qee yam xwm txheej ib puag ncig.
Cov Hlau Txheej Txhuas
Cov hlau uas ua los ntawm txhuas yog siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov uas xav tau kev tiv thaiv xeb siab thaum tseem sib dua. Nws feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov tsheb thiab cov khoom siv sab nraum zoov xws li laj kab thiab tshav dav hlau.
Cov Hlau Galvanized
Cov hlau galvanized yog cov hlau uas muaj zinc txheej los tiv thaiv xeb ntau dua. Cov hlau no siv dav hauv kev tsim kho vaj tse, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov ru tsev thiab cov kav dej ntws, vim nws muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv xeb los ntawm dej thiab huab cua hnyav.
Hlau Sib Nqus
Cov hlau nplaum siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov uas xav tau cov khoom sib nqus tshwj xeeb, xws li cov cav hluav taws xob, cov transformers, thiab cov khoom siv computer. Cov hlau no muaj cov tshuaj xws li silicon thiab xav tau kev ua tshwj xeeb.
Xaus
Hlau yog ib yam khoom siv uas siv tau ntau yam, muaj ntau hom sib txawv, txhua yam muaj nws tus kheej qhov zoo thiab kev siv. Txij li cov hlau carbon rau cov khoom yooj yim, mus rau cov hlau alloy thiab stainless hlau rau cov ntawv thov nyuaj dua, mus rau cov hlau tsim kho thiab cov hlau tshwj xeeb rau ntau yam haujlwm tsim kho, kev xaiv hlau yog ntau heev. Kev nkag siab txog ntau hom hlau thiab lawv cov ntawv thov tso cai rau peb siv cov khoom siv no kom zoo dua thiab ua tau zoo raws li qhov xav tau tshwj xeeb. Txhua hom hlau muaj nws tus kheej qhov zoo, thiab kev paub no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov engineers, architects, thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam uas vam khom hlau lub zog thiab kev ruaj khov hauv lawv txoj haujlwm.
