Pob Zeb Metamorphic Yog Dab Tsi?
Introduction
Cov pob zeb hloov pauv yog ib hom pob zeb tseem ceeb peb hom, nrog rau cov pob zeb igneous thiab sedimentary. Cov pob zeb no hloov pauv ntau yam vim muaj kev kub siab, kub heev, lossis cov kua dej ua haujlwm, ua rau lawv cov khoom siv minerals hloov pauv, cov qauv, thiab cov qauv tag nrho. Cov txheej txheem no, hu ua metamorphism, ua rau muaj qee cov pob zeb zoo nkauj tshaj plaws thiab muaj cov qauv sib txawv pom hauv ntiaj teb.
Kev Tsim Cov Pob Zeb Metamorphic
Cov pob zeb metamorphic feem ntau yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb lub plhaub uas qhov kub thiab txias siab tab sis tsis yog mus txog qhov uas lawv yuav ua rau yaj. Qhov kev sib npaug zoo no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov pob zeb uas twb muaj lawm, txawm tias lawv yog igneous, sedimentary, lossis txawm tias cov pob zeb metamorphic qub, mus rau hauv cov qauv metamorphic tshiab.
Hom Metamorphism
1. Kev Hloov Pauv ntawm Kev Sib Txuas Lus:
Qhov no tshwm sim thaum cov pob zeb uas twb muaj lawm kov cov magma. Qhov kub ntawm cov magma "ci" cov pob zeb nyob ib puag ncig, ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov mineralogical. Thaj chaw uas raug cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov kub ntawm cov magma no feem ntau nyob ib puag ncig qhov kev nkag mus ntawm magmatic, ua rau muaj cov pob zeb zoo li hornfels.
2. Kev Hloov Pauv Hauv Cheeb Tsam:
Hom no tshwm sim rau ntau thaj chaw loj dua, feem ntau yog txuam nrog cov txheej txheem tsim roob thiab cov haujlwm ntawm cov phaj tectonic. Lub siab loj heev thiab qhov kub uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib tsoo tectonic ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv dav dav, tsim cov pob zeb xws li schist, gneiss, thiab slate.
3. Kev Hloov Pauv Hydrothermal:
Nws tshwm sim thaum cov kua kub, cov tshuaj lom neeg ua haujlwm ntws los ntawm cov ces kaum thiab cov qhov ntawm cov pob zeb uas twb muaj lawm. Cov kua no pab txhawb cov txheej txheem recrystallization los ntawm kev qhia cov ions tshiab thiab catalyzing mineral reactions. Hom metamorphism no feem ntau pom nyob ib puag ncig nruab nrab ntawm dej hiav txwv qhov twg dej hiav txwv cuam tshuam nrog cov kub, tshiab tsim oceanic crust.
4. Kev Hloov Pauv Hloov Pauv:
Feem ntau, vim muaj kev nyuaj siab thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov pob zeb, cov pob zeb hloov pauv no feem ntau tshwm sim raws cov cheeb tsam uas muaj qhov tawg, qhov chaw uas cov pob zeb nyob hauv qab kev nyuaj siab heev tab sis qhov kub thiab txias qis. Qhov kev hloov pauv no ua rau cov pob zeb uas muaj cov nplooj, lossis cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, zoo li mylonite.
Kev faib tawm ntawm cov pob zeb metamorphic
Cov pob zeb metamorphic raug faib ua pawg raws li lawv cov qauv thiab cov khoom siv hauv cov minerals:
1. Cov Pob Zeb Metamorphic Uas Muaj Nplooj:
Cov pob zeb no zoo li muaj ntau txheej lossis muaj kab sib txuas. Piv txwv li:
- Slate: Cov pob zeb zoo thiab feem ntau yog los ntawm shale, slate yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm nws cov khoom zoo heev.
– Schist: Lub pob zeb nruab nrab mus rau cov pob zeb loj no muaj cov foliation pom tseeb thiab feem ntau muaj cov minerals xws li mica.
– Gneiss: Muaj cov kab sib txawv ntawm cov pob zeb sib txawv, gneiss yog cov pob zeb ntxhib thiab feem ntau tsim nyob rau hauv qhov kub siab thiab kub siab.
2. Cov Pob Zeb Metamorphic Uas Tsis Muaj Nplooj:
Cov pob zeb no tsis zoo li muaj txheej lossis muaj kab. Piv txwv tseem ceeb suav nrog:
- Marble: Ua los ntawm limestone, marble yog qhov muaj nqis rau nws qhov zoo nkauj thiab siv dav hauv kev kos duab thiab architecture.
- Quartzite: Muab los ntawm cov xuab zeb nplua nuj quartz, quartzite yog pob zeb tawv, tsis muaj nplooj.
– Hornfels: Feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev sib hloov pauv, hornfels muaj cov qauv zoo nkauj thiab yog cov pob zeb tawv thiab ruaj khov.
Cov txheej txheem metamorphic
Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov pob zeb metamorphic suav nrog:
1. Kev Rov Ua Dua Tshiab:
Cov txheej txheem no cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim cov zaub mov tshiab uas ruaj khov thaum muaj qhov kub thiab txias thiab siab ntxiv. Piv txwv li, kev rov ua dua ntawm limestone ua rau muaj marble.
2. Kev Hloov Pauv Theem:
Cov zaub mov uas twb muaj lawm yuav hloov mus ua ntau yam polymorphs uas ruaj khov dua ntawm qhov kub thiab txias siab dua. Ib qho piv txwv tseem ceeb yog kev hloov pauv ntawm graphite mus ua pob zeb diamond.
3. Kev daws teeb meem siab:
Nyob rau hauv kev nias uas raug tswj, cov zaub mov tuaj yeem yaj ntawm cov ntsiab lus uas muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau thiab ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab tsawg dua. Cov txheej txheem no pab txhawb rau kev tsim cov qauv foliated.
4. Kev Hloov Pauv Yas:
Cov pob zeb uas raug kev nyuaj siab heev tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau yooj yim. Cov txheej txheem no hloov pauv cov duab thiab kev sib dhos ntawm cov pob zeb yam tsis tawg lossis tawg pob zeb, ua rau muaj cov qauv foliated uas pom hauv cov pob zeb metamorphic xws li schists thiab gneisses.
Economic tseem ceeb
Cov pob zeb metamorphic muaj nqis tseem ceeb rau kev lag luam:
1. Kev Tsim Kho thiab Kho Kom Zoo Nkauj:
Marble thiab slate yog siv dav hauv cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv kev tsim kho. Qhov zoo nkauj thiab lub cev ntawm cov pob zeb no ua rau lawv nrov xaiv rau cov countertops, pem teb, thiab ru tsev.
2. Siv rau hauv kev lag luam:
Qee cov pob zeb metamorphic uas tsis muaj nplooj, xws li quartzite thiab hornfels, muaj qhov tawv thiab tiv taus huab cua zoo kawg nkaus, ua rau lawv tsim nyog siv ua pob zeb tsoo hauv kev tsim kho txoj kev thiab ua cov ballast tsheb ciav hlau.
3. Pob zeb diamond:
Kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem tsim cov pob zeb muaj nqis. Piv txwv li, garnet, uas feem ntau tsim nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej metamorphic, yog ib lub pob zeb nrov, thiab kev tsim cov pob zeb diamond los ntawm graphite yog ib qho piv txwv tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv cov pob zeb vim yog cov xwm txheej hnyav.
Cov Pob Zeb Metamorphic hauv Keeb Kwm Ntiaj Teb
Cov pob zeb metamorphic muaj nqis heev rau cov kws tshawb fawb txog av vim lawv muab lub qhov rais rau hauv lub ntiaj teb sab hauv thiab cov txheej txheem tectonic dhau ntawm lub sijhawm geological. Los ntawm kev kawm cov pob zeb no, cov kws tshawb fawb txog av tuaj yeem txiav txim siab txog cov txheej txheem thermal, cov xwm txheej siab, thiab txawm tias cov tshuaj lom neeg ib puag ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb lub crust thiab mantle ntawm ntau lub sijhawm.
Cov pob zeb zoo li cov granulites thiab gneisses thaum ub uas pom muaj nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb cov ntaub thaiv av qub tshaj plaws muab kev nkag siab txog kev tsim thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov av thaum ub. Lawv txoj kev tshawb fawb tau pab tsim dua cov qauv ntawm cov supercontinents thaum ub thiab nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem tectonic uas tau tsim peb lub ntiaj teb keeb kwm geological.
xaus
Cov pob zeb metamorphic, nrog lawv cov keeb kwm sib txawv, cov qauv, thiab cov khoom sib xyaw, qhia ib zaj dab neeg zoo kawg nkaus ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv qab lub ntiaj teb cov xwm txheej dynamic. Txawm hais tias los ntawm qhov kub ntawm kev sib cuag metamorphism, lub zog compressive ntawm thaj tsam metamorphism, lossis chemistry ntawm hydrothermal fluids, cov pob zeb no hloov pauv tas li, embodying lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tias kev hloov pauv yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem geological. Lawv qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam thiab cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm uas lawv muab ua rau lawv muaj nqis rau ob qho tib si kev lag luam thiab kev tshawb fawb, qhia txog lawv qhov tseem ceeb hauv peb txoj kev nkag siab ntawm lub ntiaj teb.
