ʻAtikala e pili ana i ke kumu o ka ikaika electromotive emf Ke kū'ē kūloko Ka uila terminal
Au uila kahe ana i loko o kahi kaapuni pani, mai ka hiki ke kiʻekiʻe a i ka hiki ke haʻahaʻa. Ke neʻe kahi au uila ma o kahi ʻāpana o ke kū'ē uila, aia ka emi ʻana o ikehu hiki ke uila no ka mea, hoʻohana ʻia ka ikehu uila ma kēia kū'ē. I mea e hoʻomau ai ke kahe ʻana o ke au uila mai ka hiki ke kiʻekiʻe a i ka hiki ke haʻahaʻa,
pono e loaʻa kahi mea hana e hoʻohui i ka ikehu uila, ʻo ka mea hana he electromotive force (emf) a i ʻole i kapa ʻia he kumu uila uila. ʻO Emf a i ʻole ke kumu uila he ʻāpana e hoʻololi i kahi ʻano ikehu i ikehu uila, e like me nā pila, nā cell solar, a i ʻole nā mea hana uila.
Kumu o ka ikaika electromotive (emf)
ʻO ke kiʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao he kiʻi maʻalahi ia o kahi kaapuni pani ʻia nona ka emf (ε) a me ke kū'ē (R). Hōʻike nā laina kū lōʻihi ma ke kumu emf i ka hiki ke kiʻekiʻe, ʻoiai ʻo nā laina kū pōkole e hōʻike ana i ka hiki ke haʻahaʻa. Neʻe nā uku uila mai ka hiki ke kiʻekiʻe a i ka hiki ke haʻahaʻa. ʻO kahi uku uila e neʻe ana i loko o kahi manawa i kapa ʻia he au uila, kahi e hōʻike ʻia ai ke kuhikuhi o ke au uila e kahi pua.
Ke piʻi aʻe ka mana, loaʻa i ka hoʻouka ka ikehu uila. E emi ana ka ikehu uila ke neʻe ka hoʻouka uila ma mua o ke kū'ē. Ke neʻe ka hoʻouka uila i loko o ke kumu o emf mai kahi mana haʻahaʻa a i kahi mana kiʻekiʻe, e piʻi aʻe ana ka ikehu uila.
Kūʻē kūloko
Ke neʻe ka uku uila i loko o ke kumu o ka emf, ke kūʻē nei nā uku. ʻO ke kumu uila maoli i ke ola maʻamau he kūʻē kūloko, i hōʻike ʻia e ka hōʻailona r. Ke kahe ka uku uila ma o kahi kūʻē kūloko (r), ua emi ka ikehu hiki ke uila.
Ka uila kikowaena
ʻO ke anakahi uila hope (V) ka anakahi uila i hana ʻia e kahi kumu anakahi uila a i ʻole ke kumu o ka emf. Ma ke ʻano makemakika, i hōʻike ʻia ma o nā kaulike:
V = ε – I r
V = Ka uila kikowaena, ε = emf, I = au uila, r = ke kū'ē kūloko.
Inā he 0.2 Ω ke kū'ē o kahi pākahiko 12 Volt a laila ke kahe ʻo 2 A mai ka pākahiko mai, ʻo ke volta kikowaena he 12 – (0.2) (2) = 12 – 0.4 = 11.6 Volt.
Ke ʻole ke au uila e kahe ana mai ka pila, ʻo ka waiwai o ke volta kikowaena = emf. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo emf = 12 Volts, a laila ʻo ke volta kikowaena = 12 Volts. Inā he au uila e kahe ana mai ke kumu o emf, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke volta kikowaena ma mua o ka emf.
ʻO Emf ka uila uila i helu ʻia no ka laʻana ma ka pila, ʻoiai ʻo ka uila terminal ka uila uila maoli a i ʻole ka ʻokoʻa hiki maoli, kahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia ai ka waiwai e ke au uila e kahe ana i loko o ka pila.
