Ka ikaika o ke kani - nā pilikia a me nā hoʻonā

Ka ikaika o ke kani - nā pilikia a me nā hoʻonā

1. Aia nā kiko A a me B ma 4 mika a me 9 mika mai ke kumu o ke kani. Inā wau_A aʻo wau_B he ikaika ma kahi A a me kahi B, a laila ʻo wau_A : i_B =…

ʻIke ʻia:

ka mamao o ke kiko A mai kahi kumu o ke kani (r_A) = 4 mika

Ka mamao o ke kiko B mai ke kumu o ke kani (r_B) = 9 mika

ka ka ikaika o ke kani ma ke kiko A = I_A

Ka ikaika o ke kani ma ke kiko B = I_B

Makemake: I_A : i_B

Lōlā:

I_A r_A² =I_B r_B²

I_A 4² =I_B 9²

I_A 16 = ʻAu_B 81

I_A / I_B = 81 / 16

2. ʻO ka ikaika o ke kumu o ke kani he 10^-9 Wm^-2. I_o = 10^-12 Wm^-2He aha ka pae kani o nā kumu kani he 10?

Lōlā:

ʻIke ʻia:

I = 10^-9 W / m²

I_o = 10^-12 W / m²

x = 10

ʻIke ʻia: Pae kani (β)

Lōlā:

3. ʻO ka pae kani o kahi kumu kani he 10 dB. He aha ka ikaika o 1000 mau kumu kani? ʻO ka ikaika haʻahaʻa loa I_o = 10^-12 Wm^-2.

ʻIke ʻia:

β = 10 dB

I_o = 10^-12 W / m²

x = 1000

makemake Ka ikaika

Lōlā:

Ka ikaika o ke kumu o ke kani:

Ka ikaika o 1000 mau kumu kani:

ʻO wau = (1000)(10^-11) = (10³)(10^-11)

I = 10^-8 W / m²

4. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kani o A he 40 dB, a ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kani o B he 60 dB. I_o = 10^-12 W m^-2E hoʻoholo i ka 100β_A : 10β_B.

ʻIke ʻia:

Ka pae kani o A = 40 dB

ʻO ka pae kani o B = 60 dB

I_o = 10^-12 W m^-2.

makemake : 100β_A : 10β_B

Lōlā:

Ka pae kani o 100 A:

β = 40 + 10 log 100

β = 40 + 10 log 10²

β = 40 + (2)(10)(log 10)

β = 40 + (2)(10)(1)

β = 40 + 20

β = 60 dB

Ka pae kani o 10 B:

β = 60 + 10 log 10

β = 60 + 10 log 10¹

β = 60 + (1)(10)(log 10)

β = 60 + (1)(10)(1)

β = 60 + 10

β = 70 dB

β_A : β_B

60: 70

6: 7

5. Inā ʻo ke kiko P ke kumu o ke kani, a laila ʻo ka lakio o ka ikaika o ke kani ma nā kiko S, R, a me Q he …

ʻIke ʻia:

ʻO ka mamao o ke kiko Q mai ke kumu kani (r_Q) = 3 mika

ʻO ka mamao o ke kiko R mai ke kumu kani (r_R) = 6 mika

ʻO ka mamao o ke kiko S mai ke kumu kani (r_S) = 5 mika

Ka ikaika o ke kani ma ke kiko Q =I_Q

Ka ikaika o ke kani ma ke kiko R = I_R

Ka ikaika o ke kani ma ke kiko S = I_S

Makemake: Hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka ikaika o ke kani ma nā wahi S, R, a me Q (I_S: i_R: i_Q)

Lōlā:

Ka ikaika o ke kani ma ke kiko S:

Ka ikaika o ke kani ma ke kiko R:

Ka ikaika o ke kani ma ke kiko Q :

Hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka ikaika o ke kani ma nā wahi S, R, a me Q:

6. ʻO ke kiko A ʻo P mai ke kumu kani, ʻo ke kiko B ʻo 2P mai ke kumu kani a ʻo ke kiko C ʻo 4P mai ke kumu kani. Hoʻohālikelike o ka ikaika o ke kani at ʻO A, B, a me C…

ʻIke ʻia:

Dkiko kōkua A mai ke kumu leo (r_A) = P

Wahi mamao B mai ke kumu leo (r_B) = 2P

Wahi mamao C mai ke kumu leo (r_C) = 4P

Ska ikaika o ke kani ma kahi A =I_A

Ka ikaika o ke kani ma kahi kiko B =I_B

Ka ikaika o ke kani ma kahi kiko C =I_C

Makemake: Hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka ikaika o ke kani at A, B, a me C (I_A : i_B : i_C)

Lōlā:

Ka ikaika o ke kani ma ke kiko A:

Ka ikaika o ke kani ma kahi kiko B:

Ka ikaika o ke kani ma kahi kikoʻO C:

Hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka ikaika o ke kani at ʻA, B, a me C:

7. He 100 kānaka e hīmeni ana. Inā ʻo ka pae o ka ikaika o ke kani o kekahi haumāna i ke mele ʻana he 40 dB (me ka manaʻo ua like kēlā me kēia keiki), a laila ʻo ka ikaika o ke kani i loaʻa mai … (I_o = 10^-12 Ua haʻi aku ʻo Wm^-2)

ʻIke ʻia:

Ka pae o ka ikaika o kekahi haumāna (TI) = 40 dB

I_o = 10^-12 W / m²

Tka nui o nā haumāna (x) = 100

Makemake: Ka ikaika o ke kani o 100 mau haumāna

Lōlā:

Ka ikaika o ke kani o kahi haumāna:

Ka ikaika o ke kani o 100 mau haumāna:

I_x = (x)(I)

I_x = (100)(10^-8) = (10²)(10^-8)

I_x = 10^-6 W / m²

8. ʻO ka ikaika o ke kani o 100 mau mīkini like 10^-7 Watt.m^-2Inā wau_o = 10^-12 Watt.m^-2, a laila, ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ikaika o ke kani o kahi mīkini…

ʻIke ʻia:

Ka ikaika o ke kani o 100 mau mīkini (I_x) = 10^-7 Watt.m^-2

I_o = 10^-12 W / m²

Ka helu o nā mīkini (x) = 100 = 10²

Wi makemake ʻia: Ka pae ikaika o ke kani o kahi mīkini (TI)

Lōlā:

Ka ikaika o ke kani o ka mīkini:

I_x = (x)(I)

10^-7 = (10²)(ʻO wau)

I = 10^-7 / 10² = (10^-7)(10^-2) = 10^-9

Ka pae o ka ikaika o ke kani o kahi mīkini (ʻIkepili ʻIkepili) :

9. ʻO ka ska ikaika o ke kani o kahi ke kumu o ke kani 6 m 10^-6 W / knm²Inā ke kani pinepine ' Ke hoʻonui ʻia ka pae e 10 db, e hoʻoholo ai i ka ikaika o ke kani.

ʻIke ʻia:

Ka ikaika (I) = 6 x 10^-6 W / knm²

I_o = 10^-12 W / m² = 10^-12 W/10⁴ cm² = 10^-16 W / knm²

Makemake ʻia: Tka ikaika o ke kani

Lōlā:

Ka hou o ka ka ikaika o ke kani o 10 W/m² = 10^-3 W / knm² ua like ia me ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka pae ikaika leo o 10 dB. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka ikaika leo o 10² W / m² = 10^-2 W / knm² ua like ia me ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka pae ikaika o ke kani o 20 dB. A pēlā aku.

Inā hoʻonui ʻia ka pae o ka ikaika ma 10 dB, piʻi ka ikaika ma 10^-3 W / knm²No laila, lilo ka ikaikas 6 m 10^-6 W / knm²) + (10^-4 W / knm²) = (6 x 10^-6 W / knm²) + (100 x 10^-6 W / knm²) = 106 x 10^-6 W / knm².

10. Aia ka mea nānā ʻo A ma kahi mamao o 5 m mai kahi kumu leo. ʻOiai ʻo ka mea nānā ʻo B ma kahi mamao o 10 m mai ke kumu leo ​​like. No laila, ʻo ka lakio o ka ikaika o ke kani i lohe ʻia e nā mea nānā ʻo B a me A he...

ʻIke ʻia:

ʻO ka mamao o A mai ke kumu o ke kani (r_A) = 5 mika

ʻO ka mamao o B mai ke kumu o ke kani (r_B) = 10 mika

Makemake: Tka lakio o ka ikaika o ke kani i lohe ʻia e nā mea nānā ʻo B lāua ʻo A

Lōlā:

I_B : i_A = 1 : 4

ʻO ka pane pololei ʻo B.

1. He aha ka ikaika o ke kani a pehea kona ʻokoʻa mai ka leo nui?
   • paneʻO ka ikaika o ke kani ke ana o ka mana kani no kēlā me kēia ʻāpana, i ana pinepine ʻia ma nā watts no ka mika kuea (W/m²). ʻO ka leo nui, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, he ʻike pilikino ia o ka ikaika o ke kani, i ana pinepine ʻia ma nā decibels (dB). ʻOiai ʻo ka ikaika he ana kino kūpono, ʻo ka leo nui he ʻike pilikino ia e hiki ke ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā kānaka.
2. Pehea e pili ai ke kānāwai huinahā hoʻohuli i ka ikaika o ke kani?
   • paneʻŌlelo ke kānāwai huinahā inverse e emi ana ka ikaika o ke kani me ka huinahā o ka mamao mai ke kumu. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, i kou neʻe ʻana aku mai ke kumu, e emi koke ana ka ikaika.
3. No ke aha i ʻole ai e like ka nui o ka leo i ʻike ʻia i nā leo ʻelua me ka ikaika like?
   • paneHe ʻokoʻa nā ʻike o ka pepeiao kanaka i nā alapine like ʻole. No laila, inā like ka ikaika o nā leo ʻelua akā ʻokoʻa nā alapine, hiki ke manaʻo ʻia he ʻokoʻa ko lākou mau pae leo.
4. Pehea e pili ai ka ikaika o ke kani i ka amplitude o kahi nalu kani?
   • paneUa like pololei ka ikaika o ke kani me ka huinahā o ka amplitude o ka nalu kani. Inā pāpālua ʻia ka amplitude o kahi nalu kani, e hoʻonui ʻia ka ikaika ma ka hapa o ʻehā.
5. No ke aha e lohe maopopo ʻia ai ka hāwanawana i loko o kahi lumi mālie, akā, ʻaʻole hiki ke lohe ʻia ka hāwanawana like ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka wailele e halulu ana?
   • paneʻO kēia ma muli o ka ʻokoʻa o nā pae walaʻau hope. I loko o kahi lumi mālie, haʻahaʻa ka pae walaʻau hope, e ʻae ana i ka hāwanawana e kū i waho. Ma ka ʻaoʻao o kahi wailele, uhi ka walaʻau nui i ka hāwanawana mālie, e hoʻolilo ana iā ia i mea hiki ʻole ke lohe ʻia.
6. He aha ka paepae o ka lohe a me ka paepae o ka ʻeha e pili ana i ka ikaika o ke kani?
   • paneʻO ka paepae o ka lohe ʻana ke kani mālie loa e hiki ai i ka pepeiao kanaka maʻamau ke lohe, ma ke ʻano maʻamau ma kahi o 10^-12 W / m²ʻO ka paepae o ka ʻeha, ʻo ia hoʻi nā pae kani e hiki ai ke hōʻeha a me ka hōʻino paha i ka pepeiao, aia ma kahi o 1 W / m².
7. No ke aha i ʻoi aku ai ka mālie o nā leo ke lohe ʻia ma o ka paia a i ʻole kekahi mea pale ʻē aʻe?
   • paneKe hālāwai nā nalu kani me kahi pale, ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi o ka ikehu, ua omo ʻia, a ua hoʻoili ʻia. Hoʻemi ka omo ʻana a me ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka ikaika o ke kani i hoʻoili ʻia ma o ka pale, e hoʻolilo ana i mea mālie.
8. Pehea ka hopena o ke alapine (frequency) i ka ikaika o ke kani i omo ʻia e nā mea?
   • paneHe ʻokoʻa nā coefficients omo o nā mea like ʻole no nā alapine like ʻole. No ka laʻana, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ke omo ʻana i nā alapine haʻahaʻa (nā leo bass) a hiki ke komo maʻalahi i loko o nā paia ma mua o nā alapine kiʻekiʻe.
9. No ke aha e hoʻopukapuka kālā ai nā wahi ʻaha mele a me nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni i nā hana pale leo a me nā hana acoustic?
   • paneKōkua ka pale leo i ka pale ʻana i ka walaʻau o waho i makemake ʻole ʻia a pale i ke kani mai ka liki ʻana ma waho, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana e lohe wale ʻia ke kani i makemake ʻia i loko o ka wahi. Kōkua nā hana leo i ka kaohi ʻana i nā ʻōlinolino leo i loko o ka wahi e hōʻoia i ka hoʻolaha leo maopopo a like.
10. Pehea e pili ai ka ikaika o ke kani i ka hiki ke hōʻino ʻia ka lohe?

• paneʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā leo ikaika kiʻekiʻe hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hōʻino a i ʻole ka nalowale o ka lohe. He mea nui ka ikaika a me ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻolaha ʻana; ʻoiai nā hoʻolaha pōkole i nā leo nui loa hiki ke hōʻino mau loa, ʻoiai hiki i ka hoʻolaha lōʻihi i nā leo leo iki ke lilo i mea ʻino.