Ka ikaika centripetal - nā pilikia a me nā hoʻonā

Ka ikaika centripetal - nā pilikia a me nā hoʻonā

1. Ua hoʻopuni ʻia kahi pōpō 200-kalama, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka wēlau o ke kaula, i loko o kahi pōʻai ʻaoʻao me ka wikiwiki angular o 5 rad s ^-1 . Inā he 60 kenimika ka lōʻihi o ke kaula, he aha ka ikaika centripetal?

ʻIke ʻia:

Ka nuipa o ka mea (m) = 200 gr = 200/1000 kg = 2/10 kg = 0.2 kg

Ka wikiwiki kihi (ω) = 5 rad/s

Ka lōʻihi o ke kaula = radius (r) = 60 kenimika = 60/100 m = 0.6 m

Makemake ʻia: Ka ikaika centripetal

Lōlā:

ʻO ka ikaika centripetal ka hopena o ka ikaika e hoʻoulu ai i ka wikiwiki centripetal.

ʻO ke kaulike o ka ikaika centripetal:

∑F = ma _s

∑F = mv ² /r = m ω ² r

∑ F = Ka ikaika centripetal , m = ka nuipa o ka mea , v = ka wikiwiki linear , ω = ka wikiwiki angular , r = radius.

∑F = m ω ² r = (0.2)(5) ² (0.6) = (0.2)(25)(0.6) = 3 N

2. He pōhaku i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka wēlau o ke kaula a hoʻohuli ʻia i loko o kahi pōʻai ʻākea e kekahi haumāna. Inā ʻo ka wikiwiki hope loa o ka pōhaku = 2 x ka wikiwiki mua, a laila he aha ka ikaika centripetal.

ʻIke ʻia:

Ka nuipa o ka pōhaku = m

Ka wikiwiki o ka pōhaku = v

Ka lōʻihi o ke kaula = radius = r

Makemake ʻia: Ka ikaika centripetal

Lōlā:

3. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia kahi alanui piʻo o ka radius R i hiki i kahi kaʻa e holo ana ma ka wikiwiki 10 ms ^–1 ke neʻe palekana i ka huli. ʻO ke koina o ka friction static ma waena o ke kaʻa a me ke alanui = 0.5. He aha ka radius? Ka wikiwiki ma muli o ke umekaumaha (g) = 10 ms ^–2.

ʻIke ʻia:

Ka wikiwiki (v) = 10 m/s

ʻO ke koina o ka haʻalulu paʻa ma waena o ke kaʻa a me ke alanui (μs ₎ = 0.5

Ka wikiwiki ma muli o ke koʻikoʻi (g) = 10 m/s ²

Makemake ʻia: Radius

Lōlā:

ʻO ka ikaika wale nō ma ke kuhikuhi ʻaoʻao ʻo ia ka ikaika o ka haʻalulu paʻa. ʻO ke kaulike o ka haʻalulu paʻa:

^{4. ʻO ke koina o ka friction static ma waena o ka huila a me ke alanui he 0.4. Inā he 10 m/s 2} ka wikiwiki ma muli o ke koʻikoʻi , he aha ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe loa i hiki ai i ke kaʻa ke huli me ka ʻole o ka paheʻe ʻana mai kahi ala piʻo.

ʻIke ʻia:

Ka helu o ka haʻalulu paʻa (μ)_s) = 0.4

Ka wikiwiki ma muli o ke koʻikoʻi (g) = 10 m/s ²

Ka laulā o ke ala (R) = 40 mika

Makemake ʻia: ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe loa (v)

Lōlā:

ʻO ke kaulike o ke kānāwai ʻelua o Newton ma ka neʻe pōʻai like:

ΣF = ka ikaika centripetal = ka ikaika net , m = m ass , a _s = ka wikiwiki centripetal , v = ka wikiwiki linear , R = ka radius o ke ala

Ka ikaika kikowaena

ʻO ka ikaika centripetal ka ikaika ʻupena e hoʻopuka ai i nā wikiwiki centripetal. I kēia hihia, ʻo ka ikaika centripetal ka ikaika o ka friction static.

ʻO ke kaulike o ka ikaika o ka haʻalulu paʻa:

μ _s = ke koina o ka haʻalulu paʻa , w = ke kaumaha , m = ka nuipa, g = ka wikiwiki ma muli o ke koʻikoʻi

ʻO ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe loa (v):

1. He aha ka ikaika centripetal?
   • pane mai: ʻO ka ikaika centripetal ka ikaika e hana ana ma luna o kahi mea e neʻe ana ma ke ala pōʻai, e kuhikuhi ana i ke kikowaena o ka pōʻai a i ʻole ke ala. ʻO ia ke kuleana no ka mālama ʻana i ka mea i kona neʻe pōʻai.
2. Pehea ka ʻokoʻa o ka ikaika centripetal mai ka ikaika centrifugal?
   • pane mai: ʻO ka ikaika centripetal kahi ikaika maoli e hana ana ma luna o kahi mea e hoʻomau i ka neʻe ʻana ma ke ala pōʻai. ʻO ka ikaika centrifugal, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, he ikaika i ʻike ʻia e hoʻokuke aku i kahi mea mai ke kikowaena o kahi pōʻai ke nānā ʻia mai kahi kiʻikuhi kuhikuhi e wili ana. Ua kapa pinepine ʻia ka ikaika centrifugal he ikaika "hoʻopunipuni" a i ʻole "pseudo".
3. He aha ka mea e hana ʻia inā e wehe koke ʻia ka ikaika centripetal ma luna o kahi mea e wili ana?
   • pane mai: Inā wehe koke ʻia ka ikaika centripetal ma luna o kahi mea e wili ana, e neʻe ka mea ma kahi laina pololei e pili ana i ke ala pōʻai ma kahi i wehe ʻia ai ka ikaika, ma muli o ke kānāwai mua o ka neʻe ʻana o Newton.
4. Pehea e loli ai ka ikaika centripetal e pono ai me ka radius o ke ala pōʻai no ka wikiwiki mau?
   • pane mai: Ua like ka ikaika centripetal i koi ʻia me ka radius o ke ala pōʻai. Inā mau ka wikiwiki akā piʻi ka radius, e emi ana ka ikaika centripetal i koi ʻia, a ʻo ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe.
5. Pehea e loli ai ka ikaika centripetal inā e pāpālua ʻia ka wikiwiki o kahi mea i ka neʻe pōʻai?
   • pane mai: Ua like pololei ka ikaika centripetal me ka huinahā o ka wikiwiki o ka mea. No laila, inā e pāpālua ʻia ka wikiwiki, e lilo ka ikaika centripetal e pono ai i ʻehā manawa ʻoi aku ka nui.
6. Hiki i ka umekaumaha ke hana ma ke ʻano he ikaika centripetal?
   • pane mai: ʻAe, hiki i ka umekaumaha ke hana ma ke ʻano he ikaika centripetal. ʻO kahi laʻana nui ka ikaika umekaumaha ma waena o ka Honua a me ka Mahina, ka mea e mālama ai i ka Mahina i kona ʻōpuni a puni ka Honua.
7. No ke aha ʻoe e manaʻo ai ua hoʻokuke ʻia ʻoe i ka ʻaoʻao i kou wā e huli ʻoi ai i loko o ke kaʻa?
   • pane mai: Ke huli koke ke kaʻa, hana ka ikaika centripetal i ke kikowaena o ka huli, e mālama ana i ke kaʻa ma kona ala pōʻai. Eia nō naʻe, ke hoʻomau nei kou kino i kahi laina pololei ma muli o ka inertia. ʻO kēia paʻi waho āu e manaʻo ai he pane ia i ka ikaika centripetal a ua kuhihewa pinepine ʻia ʻo ia he "ikaika centrifugal."
8. Pehea ka hopena o ke kaumaha o kahi mea i ka ikaika centripetal e pono ai no ka neʻe pōʻai ma ka wikiwiki mau?
   • pane mai: Ua kūlike pololei ka ikaika centripetal i koi ʻia me ke kaumaha o ka mea. Inā pāpālua ʻia ka nui o ka mea, pāpālua pū ka ikaika centripetal i koi ʻia, no ka mea e mau ana ka wikiwiki a me ka radius.
9. He aha ke kuleana o ka friction i ka ikaika centripetal i ka wā e huli ai ke kaʻa?
   • pane mai: Ke huli ke kaʻa, ʻo ka ikaika frictional ma waena o nā huila a me ke alanui e hāʻawi i ka ikaika centripetal e pono ai e mālama i ke kaʻa ma ke ala piʻo. Inā ʻaʻohe friction (e laʻa, ma ke alanui hau), ʻaʻole hiki i ke kaʻa ke huli a e paheʻe i waho.
10. Hiki i ke kaomi i loko o ke kaula ke hana ma ke ʻano he ikaika centripetal?

• pane mai: ʻAe, hiki i ke kaomi ʻana i loko o ke kaula a i ʻole ke kaula ke hana ma ke ʻano he ikaika centripetal. No ka laʻana, ke wili ʻia kahi mea a puni ma ke ala pōʻai me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaula, hāʻawi ke kaomi ʻana i loko o ke kaula i ka ikaika centripetal e pono ai e hoʻomau i ka neʻe ʻana o ka mea i loko o ka pōʻai.