Nā Haʻawina Hoʻonaʻauao Kino Kumu

1. Manawa o ka inertia o ka ʻāpana

E nānā hou i kahi ʻāpana e wili ana. Hāʻawi ʻia ka ʻāpana me ke kaumaha m i ka ikaika F i hiki ai i ka ʻāpana ke wili a puni ke axis O. Aia ka ʻāpana r ma kahi kaʻawale mai ke axis o ka wili ʻana. ʻO ka mea mua, ua hoʻomaha ka ʻāpana (v = 0). Ma hope o ka neʻe ʻana e ka ikaika o F, neʻe nā ʻāpana me kahi wikiwiki i hiki ai i nā ʻāpana ke loaʻa ka wikiwiki tangential. Hōʻike ʻia ka pilina ma waena o ka ikaika (F), ka nuipa (m), a me ka wikiwiki tangential o nā ʻāpana e ka hoohalike 3:

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Ka wehewehe ʻana o ke au uila

I loko o kahi alakaʻi e like me ke keleawe, aia nā electrons e neʻe wale ana ma ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe me ka manuahi akā ʻaʻole e pakele mai ka metala. ʻO nā electrons e hiki ke neʻe manuahi ua kapa ʻia ʻo free electrons. ʻOiai ke neʻe manuahi nei nā electrons i nā ʻaoʻao āpau, ʻaʻohe kahe holoʻokoʻa o nā electrons i kahi kuhikuhi kikoʻī. Hana ʻia kēia kūlana ke ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa hiki ma waena o nā wēlau ʻelua o ke kaula keleawe.

Ke hoʻopili ʻia ke kaula i kahi kumu uila, kū mai kahi ʻokoʻa hiki ma waena o nā wēlau ʻelua o ke kaula keleawe, i ʻike ʻia ai kahi kahua uila i loko o ke kaula keleawe. ʻO ke ola ʻana o kahi kahua uila e hoʻoulu ai i nā electrons manuahi e ʻike i ka ikaika uila F = q E = e E, kahi F = ka ikaika uila, e = ka hoʻopiʻi uila, E = kahua uilaʻO kēia ikaika uila ke kumu o ka wikiwiki pū ʻana o nā electrons a pau e neʻe manuahi ana, ʻo ia ke kuhikuhi like me ka ikaika uila.

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Article about the Definition of capacitor

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o ka mea hiki is a device that stores electrical charge and electrical potential energy. The simple capacitor consists of two-conductor plates or sheets that are placed close together but do not touch each other and are separated by an insulator or a vacuum. Conductors are materials that can conduct electric current such as metals, while insulators are materials that cannot conduct electric current such as plastic.

At first, the two conductors are not electrically charged or electrically neutral. In order for one conductor to be positively charged and the other conductor to be negatively charged, then there must be a transfer of electrons from one conductor to another. The electrons are on the surface of the atom, so they are easy to move. After the electron has moved from one conductor to another, one of the conductors has an excess of uila uila (lack of protons)

so that it becomes negatively charged, while the other conductor has an electron deficiency (excess proton) so that it becomes positively charged. A detailed description of the process of charging electric charges on capacitors is reviewed on the topic of storing electrical energy in capacitors.

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Ka wehewehe ʻana o ka hiki ke uila

Ua wehewehe ʻia ka hiki ke uila e like me ikehu hiki ke uila no kēlā me kēia anakahi uku. Manaʻo ʻia aia ma ke kiko a, ʻo ka uku q ka ikehu hiki ke uila e like me EP_a, a laila ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka mana uila ma ke kiko a penei:

V = ka hiki ke uila, EP = ka ikehu hiki ke uila, q = ka hoʻouku uila

ʻAʻole wale ʻo V ma ke kiko a akā ma nā kiko āpau o ka kahua uila. Hoʻohana ʻia ke kiko a ma ke ʻano he laʻana. E like me ka mea e wehewehe ʻia ma hope, ʻaʻole hilinaʻi ka V i ka uku q.

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ʻAtikala e pili ana i ka ikehu hiki ke uila

Ma mua o ke aʻo ʻana i kēia kumuhana, e hoʻomaopopo mua i ka hana, nā mana conservative, ka pilina ma waena o nā mana conservative me ikehu hiki, ka nā mana uila a me ke kahua uila.

ʻO ka ikaika uila ka ikaika mālama

Ma waho aʻe o ka ikaika umekaumaha a me ka ikaika puna, ʻo kekahi laʻana o ka ikaika conservative ʻo ia ka ikaika uila. No ka hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi ʻana i ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai ka ikaika uila ʻo ka ikaika conservative, e hoʻomaopopo i ka wehewehe ʻana ma lalo nei.

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Article about Determining the electric field using Gauss law

Kūʻai uila by a single point charge

To calculate the electric field produced by a single positive charge, the first step is to select the spherical Gauss surface with radius r where the center of the sphere is at the single charge. The surface area of the ball is 4πr².

The electric field coming out of the center of the sphere penetrates perpendicular to the surface of the sphere so that the formula of electric flux is Φ = E A. The formula of the Gauss’s law is Φ = Q/ε_o

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ʻAtikala e pili ana i ke kānāwai o Gauss

No ka Kānāwai Coulomb, ua aʻo ʻia ka ikaika ma waena o nā uku uila. Ma kahi loiloi o ke kahua uila, ua kūkākūkā ʻia kekahi ʻano o ke kānāwai o Coulomb, i hōʻike ʻia e ka hoohalike F = q E,

kahi ʻo F ka ikaika uila, ʻo q ka uku uila a ʻo E ke kahua uila. Hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo ke kānāwai o Coulomb he kānāwai o ka physics e wehewehe ana i ka pilina ma waena o ka uku uila (q) a me ke kahua uila (E).

ʻO ke kānāwai o Gauss kekahi kānāwai physics e wehewehe ana i ka pilina ma waena o nā uku uila a me nā kahua uila. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ke kānāwai o Gauss e ʻO Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777-1855), he kanaka loea ʻepekema a me ka makemakika Kelemania.

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Ka wehewehe ʻana o ke kahe uila

E pili ana i ke kahua uila, ua kūkākūkā ʻia ka wehewehe a me ka hoohalike o kahua uila hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e helu i ka ikaika o ke kahua uila i hana ʻia e kahi uku uila, kekahi mau uku uila a i ʻole e kahi hoʻolaha uku uila. Hoʻoponopono maʻalahi ʻia ka helu ʻana o ka ikaika o ke kahua uila i hana ʻia e kahi uku uila a i ʻole ʻelua mau uku uila me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano o ka ikaika o ke kahua uila. Inā ʻo ka mea i helu ʻia ʻo ia ka ikaika o ke kahua uila i hana ʻia e kahi hoʻolaha uku uila, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka helu ʻana inā hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano no ka ikaika o ke kahua uila, akā ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana Ke kānāwai o GaussMa mua o ke aʻo hohonu ʻana i ke kānāwai Gauss, e hoʻomaopopo mua i ka flux uila ma muli o ke kumumanaʻo o ka flux uila i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke kānāwai Gauss.

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ʻAtikala e pili ana i ke kahua uila

Ma ke kumuhana o ka hoʻouku uila, ua aʻo ʻia e hoʻokuke aku nā hoʻouku like kekahi i kekahi, ʻoiai ʻo nā hoʻouku like ʻole e huki kekahi i kekahi. Inā hoʻokokoke ʻia kahi mea i hoʻouku maikaʻi ʻia i kahi mea i hoʻouku maikaʻi ʻole ʻia, huki pū nā mea ʻelua i neʻe lākou kekahi i kekahi. I ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, inā hoʻokokoke ʻia kahi mea i hoʻouku maikaʻi ʻia i kahi mea i hoʻouku maikaʻi ʻia, a laila hoʻokuke nā mea ʻelua kekahi i kekahi i neʻe lākou mai kekahi i kekahi. E like me ke aʻo ʻana ma ke kumuhana o ke kānāwai o Coulomb, hiki i nā mea i hoʻouku uila ke hoʻolalelale i nā mea ʻē aʻe i hoʻouku uila ʻia no ka mea aia kahi ikaika uila e hana ana ma waena o kēia mau mea i hoʻouku uila ʻia. ʻO ka ikaika uila i hoʻokomo ʻia e kahi mea i hoʻouku uila ʻia ma luna o nā mea ʻē aʻe i hoʻouku uila ʻia he laʻana o ka ikaika e hiki ke hana me ka ʻole o ka pili ʻana. ʻO kekahi laʻana o ka ikaika e hiki ke hana ma kahi mamao no ka ka ikaika o ke koʻikoʻiHoʻopuka ʻia ka ikaika umekaumaha e kahi mea nuipaʻa ma luna o nā mea nuipaʻa ʻē aʻe.

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