Ke aʻo ʻana i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka iʻa ma Indonesia
ʻO Indonesia, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka lāhui pae ʻāina nui loa o ka honua me nā mokupuni he 17.000 a ʻoi, he ʻano like ʻole o ka nohona. ʻO kona mau moana ākea a me nā kumuwaiwai wai maʻemaʻe like ʻole e lilo ia i home no nā tausani o nā ʻano iʻa. ʻAʻole wale ka ʻokoʻa o ka iʻa o Indonesia he mea nui i ke kaiapuni, akā, i ka hoʻokele waiwai a me ka moʻomeheu hoʻi. E ʻimi kēia ʻatikala i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka ʻokoʻa o ka iʻa ma Indonesia, e nānā i kona koʻikoʻi, a e kūkākūkā i nā pilikia e kū nei.
ʻO ke ʻano like ʻole o nā iʻa ma Indonesia: He ʻIkepili
Aia ʻo Indonesia ma nā ʻāina wela a aia ma ka puʻuwai o ka Coral Triangle, i ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ke kikowaena o ka honua no nā ʻano meaola kai. Hoʻopuni kēia ʻāina i nā wai o Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, nā mokupuni ʻo Solomona, a me Timor-Leste. Noho nā tausani o nā ʻano iʻa ma nā koʻapapa o Indonesia, nā mangrove, nā moena mauʻu kai, a me nā muliwai.
Wahi a ka noiʻi, aia ma mua o 2.500 mau ʻano iʻa koʻa ma nā wai o Indonesia, ma kahi o 20% o ka huina o ka honua. Eia kekahi, aia ma Indonesia ma kahi o 1.300 mau ʻano iʻa wai maʻemaʻe. ʻO kekahi mau ʻano iʻa endemic i loaʻa ma Indonesia wale nō ka arowana ʻulaʻula (Scleropages legendrei) mai Kalimantan a me ka iʻa ānuenue (Melanotaenia boesemani) mai Papua.
Nā Kūlana Kaiapuni a me ka Hoʻokele Waiwai
ʻO ke alo o nā ʻano iʻa like ʻole he mea nui ia i nā kaiaola kai a me nā ʻāina. Hana nā iʻa ma ke ʻano he mea ʻaihue a me ka mea pio i nā kaulahao meaʻai paʻakikī. Kōkua lākou i ka hoʻomalu ʻana i nā heluna o nā meaola ʻē aʻe a kōkua i ke olakino o ka ʻōnaehana ola ma o nā pilina kaiaola like ʻole.
Ma ke ʻano hoʻokele waiwai, ʻo ka ʻoihana lawaiʻa kahi kumu waiwai nui no nā miliona o ka poʻe ma Indonesia. ʻO ka lawaiʻa hopu a me ka mahiʻai aqua e hāʻawi nui i ka Gross Domestic Product (GDP) a hāʻawi i ka hana no nā kaiāulu kahakai. ʻO nā iʻa e like me ka tuna, skipjack tuna, mackerel, a me nā iʻa koʻa waiwai nui e like me ka grouper a me Napoleon wrasse nā waiwai hoʻokuʻu nui i koi nui ʻia ma ka mākeke honua.
ʻOkoʻa o ka moʻomeheu
He waiwai nui hoʻi ko Indonesia no ka lawaiʻa. Loaʻa i nā ʻohana like ʻole a me nā kaiāulu ʻōiwi ka ʻike kūloko e pili ana i ka hopu ʻana, ka hānai ʻana, a me ka ʻai ʻana i ka iʻa. ʻO nā kuʻuna e like me Sasi ma Maluku, Panglima Laut ma Aceh, a me Awig-awig ma Lombok he mau laʻana ia o ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana o nā kaiāulu kūloko i kā lākou mau waiwai lawaiʻa.
Noiʻi a me ka Mālama ʻana
Ua hoʻomau ʻia ka noiʻi ʻana i nā ʻano iʻa like ʻole ma Indonesia no nā makahiki he ʻumi, akā nui ka mea i ʻike ʻole ʻia. Ke hoʻomau nei ʻo LIPI (Inisitituti ʻEpekema Indonesia) a me nā kulanui like ʻole a me nā ʻoihana noiʻi ʻē aʻe i nā anamanaʻo a me nā palapala ʻāina e ʻike ai i nā ʻano iʻa hou a nānā i nā heluna iʻa e kū nei.
He pilikia nui ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻāina i loaʻa nā hoʻoweliweli e like me ka loli o ke aniau, ka haumia, ka lawaiʻa nui ʻana, a me ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā wahi noho. Pono nā ʻano hana mālama e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i nā lawaiʻa hoʻomau, ka pale ʻana i nā wahi noho koʻikoʻi e like me nā koʻa, nā mangrove, a me nā moena mauʻu kai, a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā hana lawaiʻa aloha i ke kaiapuni.
ʻO ka papahana Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) ma Indonesia kekahi hana e mālama ai i nā ʻano meaola kai like ʻole. ʻO kekahi o nā wahi mālama kaulana e komo pū ana me Bunaken National Marine Park ma North Sulawesi, Komodo National Park ma East Nusa Tenggara, a me Raja Ampat National Marine Park ma West Papua, ʻo ia mau mea āpau he mau wahi wela no nā ʻano meaola kai like ʻole.
Nā Pilikia a me nā Hoʻonā
Ke kū nei ʻo Indonesia i nā pilikia like ʻole i ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano iʻa like ʻole, eia kekahi o lākou:
1. Ka lawaiʻa nui ʻana: Hoʻoweliweli ka lawaiʻa nui i nā ʻano iʻa kālepa a me nā ʻano iʻa ʻole kālepa. ʻO nā hopena kūpono e pili ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nānā ʻana, ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā palena hopu, a me ka hoʻolauna ʻana i nā quota.
2. Ka luku ʻana i nā wahi noho: ʻO nā hana a kānaka e like me ke kūkulu ʻana i ke kahakai, ka hana ʻeli ʻana, a me ka lawaiʻa luku (e like me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pōkā a me ka lāʻau make cyanide) e hopena i ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā wahi noho iʻa. ʻO ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i nā wahi noho a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā kaiāulu kahakai e pale i ko lākou kaiapuni he mau ʻanuʻu koʻikoʻi.
3. Ka Hoʻololi ʻana o ke Aniau: Ke hoʻopilikia nei ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana o ke kai a me ka waikawa o ke kai i ke ola kai. ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka loli o ke aniau a me ka hoʻēmi ʻana ma o ke kanu mangrove, ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka ʻaʻa koʻa, a me ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ke kalapona he mau hopena ia e pono e hoʻokō ʻia.
4. Haumia: Hoʻoweliweli ka ʻōpala palakiko a me nā kemika weliweli i ke olakino o nā kaiaola wai. ʻO nā hoʻolaha e hōʻemi i nā palakiko hoʻokahi hoʻohana a hoʻohana i nā ʻenehana hoʻokele ʻōpala aloha i ke kaiapuni ka pane.
5. ʻAʻohe ʻikepili ʻepekema: Nui nā ʻano iʻa ma Indonesia i ʻike ʻole ʻia a ʻaʻole i aʻo pono ʻia. Pono ke kālā a me ke kākoʻo no ka noiʻi, a me ke kūkulu ʻana i ka hiki no nā kānaka ʻepekema kūloko, e hoʻonui i ka ʻikepili a me ka ʻike e pili ana i ka ʻano like ʻole o ka iʻa.
Ka hopena
He waiwai nui ka ʻokoʻa o nā iʻa o Indonesia. Hāʻawi ia i nā pono nui o ke kaiapuni, ka hoʻokele waiwai, a me ka moʻomeheu i ka lāhui. Ma o nā hana like ʻana ma waena o ke aupuni, ka lehulehu, a me ke kaiāulu ʻepekema, hiki ke lanakila ʻia nā pilikia e kū nei. Pono kahi ala e pili ana i ka ʻepekema a me ka naʻauao kūloko e hōʻoia i ka mālama ʻia ʻana o ka ʻokoʻa o nā iʻa o Indonesia no nā hanauna e hiki mai ana.
No Indonesia, ka mea i waiwai i nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe a me nā moʻomeheu, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano iʻa like ʻole ʻaʻole ia he koho wale nō, akā, he mea e pono ai i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana e hoʻokumu i kahi wā e hiki mai ana e hoʻomau a pōmaikaʻi.
