Ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka ikaika a me ka ikaika holoʻokoʻa / ka ikaika hopena

1. Ka wehewehe ʻana o ke kaila
ʻO ka ikaika kahi mea e hoʻoulu ai i nā mea e ʻike hoʻolalelaleʻO ia hoʻi, ʻo ka ikaika kahi mea e neʻe ai, hoʻōki a hoʻololi paha i ke kuhikuhi o ka neʻe ʻana o kahi mea.
ʻO ke kaila ka nui vector No laila, he nui a he kuhikuhi ko ka ikaika. ʻO ka hōʻailona no ka ikaika ʻo F (Force). ʻO F ka hōʻailona maʻamau no ka ikaika. Nui nā ʻano ikaika, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā ʻano ikaika āpau ka hōʻailona F. ʻO ke anakahi honua o ka ikaika ʻo kg m/s2 ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Newton.

2. Ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka ikaika holoʻokoʻa a i ʻole ka ikaika hopena
ʻO ka ikaika holoʻokoʻa a i ʻole ka ikaika hopena ka huina o nā ikaika āpau e hana ana ma kahi mea. He nui vector ka ikaika, no laila ua helu ʻia ka ikaika holoʻokoʻa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kānāwai hoʻohui vector.

Laʻana pilikia.
1.
Ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka ikaika a me ka huina o ka ikaika hopena 1ʻO ka ikaika holoʻokoʻa = 10 Newton, aia ke kuhikuhi o ka ikaika holoʻokoʻa ma ka ʻākau.
2.
Ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka ikaika a me ka huina o ka ikaika hopena 2ʻO ka ikaika holoʻokoʻa = 8 Newton, aia ke kuhikuhi o ka ikaika holoʻokoʻa ma ka ʻākau
3.
Ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka ikaika a me ka huina o ka ikaika hopena 3Ka nui o ka ikaika = 0
4.
Ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka ikaika a me ka huina o ka ikaika hopena 4

Ka nui o ka ikaika = 0

5. Inā like nā kaumaha o nā mea, a laila ʻo ka mea nona ka wikiwiki nui loa ʻo ia...
Nā kānāwai o Newton, ka ikaika, ka nuipa, ka wikiwiki - nā nīnau a me nā pane no ka hoʻokolohua aupuni 2013 - 1Pahana

Ke Kānāwai ʻElua o Newton ua ʻōlelo ʻia he nui hoʻolalelale ʻO ke ʻano o ka wikiwiki a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka neʻe ʻana o kahi mea ua like ia me ke kuhikuhi o ka ikaika hopena e hana ana ma luna o ka mea.

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ʻO ke ʻano makemakika o ke kānāwai ʻelua o Newton: a = F / m
Ua like ka wikiwiki me ka ikaika, no laila ʻo ka mea me ka wikiwiki nui loa ka mea e hana ai ka ikaika hopena nui loa ma luna.
ʻO ke kaila ka nui vector No laila, ua hoʻoponopono ʻia ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā ikaika e like me nā lula no ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā nui vector. Inā aia nā ikaika ma kahi laina pololei, a laila hoʻohui ʻia nā ikaika ma ke kuhikuhi like a unuhi ʻia nā ikaika ma ke kuhikuhi ʻē aʻe.
A –> Ka ikaika hopena = 5 + 2 + 3 = 10 Newtons (kuhikuhi ikaika i ka ʻākau)
B –> Ka ikaika hopena = 3 + 5 – 2 = 6 Newtons (kuhikuhi ikaika i ka ʻākau)
C –> Ka ikaika hopena = 5 – 12 – 3 = -10 Newton (kuhikuhi o ka ikaika i ka hema)
D –> Ka ikaika hopena = 3 – 5 – 12 = -14 Newton (kuhikuhi o ka ikaika i ka hema).
Hōʻike wale nā ​​​​hōʻailona maikaʻi a me ka maikaʻi ʻole i ke kuhikuhi o ka ikaika hopena. Ka ikaika hopena ʻO ka hōʻailona maikaʻi ke ʻano o ke kuhikuhi o ka ikaika hopena ma ka ʻākau (neʻe ka mea i ka ʻākau) a ʻo ka hōʻailona maikaʻi ʻole ke ʻano o ke kuhikuhi o ka ikaika hopena ma ka hema (neʻe ka mea i ka hema).
ʻO D ka pane pololei.

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6. Inā like ke kaumaha o nā mea ma lalo nei, a laila ʻo wai ke kiʻi me ka wikiwiki liʻiliʻi loa?
Nā kānāwai o Newton, ka ikaika, ka nuipa, ka wikiwiki - nā nīnau a me nā pane no ka hoʻokolohua aupuni 2013 - 2

Pahana
Ua like ke kaumaha o kahi mea, no laila ʻo ka wikiwiki liʻiliʻi loa ka mea i loaʻa ai ka ikaika hopena liʻiliʻi loa.
A –> Ka ikaika hopena = 8 + 15 – 10 = 13 Newtons (kuhikuhi ikaika i ka ʻākau)
B –> Ka ikaika hopena = 10 + 8 – 5 = 13 Newtons (kuhikuhi ikaika i ka ʻākau)
C –> Ka ikaika hopena = 2 + 5 – 3 = 4 Newtons (kuhikuhi ikaika i ka ʻākau)
D –> Ka ikaika hopena = 8 + 4 – 5 = 7 Newtons (kuhikuhi ikaika i ka ʻākau)
ʻO C ka pane pololei.

7. ʻEhā mau mea o ka nuipa like i hoʻokau ʻia i kekahi mau ikaika i ka manawa like e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi ma lalo nei. ʻO wai ka mea i ʻike i ka wikiwiki liʻiliʻi loa?
Nā kānāwai o Newton, ka ikaika, ka nuipa, ka wikiwiki - nā nīnau a me nā pane no ka hoʻokolohua aupuni 2013 - 3Pahana
Ua like ke kaumaha o kahi mea, no laila ʻo ka wikiwiki liʻiliʻi loa ka mea i loaʻa ai ka ikaika hopena liʻiliʻi loa.
A –> Ka ikaika hopena = 35 + 30 – 25 = 40 Newtons (kuhikuhi ikaika i ka ʻākau)
B –> Ka ikaika hopena = 15 + 25 – 45 = -5 Newton (kuhikuhi o ka ikaika i ka hema)
C –> Ka ikaika hopena = 55 – 30 – 40 = -15 Newton (kuhikuhi o ka ikaika i ka hema)
D –> Ka ikaika hopena = 50 + 10 – 40 = 20 Newtons (kuhikuhi ikaika i ka ʻākau)
ʻO ka pane pololei ʻo B.

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8. ʻO ke kuhikuhi a me ka hopena o ka ikaika ma ke kiʻi i ka ʻaoʻao he...
A. 2 N i TonoKūkākūkā o ka hopena o ka ikaika nīnau 1
B. 2 N i ke ala ʻo Irham
C. 282 N i ke ala ʻo Tono
D. 282 N i ke ala ʻo Irham
Pahana
Nui ka ikaika hopena :
ΣF = 142 N – 140 N
ΣF = 2 Newton
ʻO ke kuhikuhi o ka ikaika hopena = ke kuhikuhi o ka ikaika 142 Newton = i Tono, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka nui o 142 Newton ma mua o 140 Newton
ʻO A ka pane pololei.

9. E nānā i ke kiʻi ma lalo nei!
Ke huki nei ʻo Umar lāua ʻo Amir i nā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe. Inā he 25 N ka ikaika o Umar a he 20 N ka ikaika o Amir, a laila ʻo ka hopena o nā ikaika ʻelua...
A. 5 NewtonsKūkākūkā o ka hopena o ka ikaika nīnau 2
B. 20 Newton
C. 25 Newton
D. 45 Newton
Pahana
Ka ikaika hopena = 25 N – 20 N = 5 Newtons
ʻO A ka pane pololei.

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