Ka wehewehena a me nā ʻano o nā ʻino
He hanana lewa ka ʻinokele i hoʻopuni ʻia e kahi kikowaena haʻahaʻa a hōʻailona ʻia e nā makani wili. Hiki i kēia mau ʻinokele ke loaʻa nā hopena koʻikoʻi i ke aniau a me ke kaiapuni a puni. ʻOiai pili pinepine ʻia me nā pōʻino kūlohelohe e like me nā ʻino wela, hoʻopuni maoli nā ʻinokele i nā ʻano hanana aniau like ʻole. E wehewehe kēia ʻatikala i ke ʻano o nā ʻinokele, pehea lākou e hana ai, a me nā ʻano ʻano ʻinokele like ʻole e kū nei.
Ka Wehewehena o ke Kaikuono
Ma ke ʻano ʻepekema, ua wehewehe ʻia kahi cyclone he ʻōnaehana aniau i hōʻike ʻia e kahi kikowaena haʻahaʻa i hoʻopuni ʻia e nā makani e wili ana. ʻOkoʻa ke kuhikuhi o ka wili ʻana o ka makani i loko o kahi cyclone ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻĀkau a me nā ʻaoʻao Hema, i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hopena Coriolis. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻĀkau, wili nā makani i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau, ʻoiai ma ka ʻaoʻao Hema, wili lākou i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē. Hiki i nā cyclone ke mau mai kekahi mau lā a i kekahi mau pule a hiki ke hana ma nā ʻano aniau like ʻole, ma luna o nā moana a me ka ʻāina.
Kaʻina Hana ʻana o ka Cyclone
Hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻino ma o kekahi mau pae e pili ana i ka launa pū ʻana o nā kumu lewa he nui. Ma keʻano laulā, pono ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka ʻino:
1. Kikowaena Kaomi Haʻahaʻa: Hoʻomaka mau nā makani ʻino mai kahi kikowaena kaomi haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka ea e neʻe ana i ke kikowaena kaomi haʻahaʻa e hoʻomaka e wili ma muli o ka hopena Coriolis.
2. Ka Lability o ka Lewa: Pono pū nā makani ʻino i kahi kaiapuni lewa paʻa ʻole, kahi e ʻae ai i ka ea mehana e piʻi aʻe a me ka ea anuanu e iho i lalo, a pēlā e hana ai i ka convection.
3. Ka Haumākū Laʻa: He mea nui ka haumākū no ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā ao a me ka ua e hele pū me nā makani ʻino.
4. ʻIli Kai Mehana: No nā makani ʻino wela, pono ka mahana o ka ʻilikai mehana e hoʻokuʻu i ka ikehu lawa no ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana o ka makani ʻino.
Nā ʻano o nā Cyclone
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻinokele i kekahi mau ʻano ma muli o ko lākou wahi i hoʻokumu ʻia ai a me nā ʻano. Eia kekahi o nā ʻano ʻinokele i ʻike nui ʻia:
1. ʻO ka makani pāhili Tropical
ʻO nā ʻino makani pāhili he mau hanana aniau e kū pinepine ana ma nā latitudes haʻahaʻa a pili loa me nā moana mehana. Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻino makani pāhili e ka ikaika o ka makani a me ka ua nui. Hoʻoulu pinepine nā ʻino makani pāhili i nā hopena pōʻino e like me ke kahe ʻana, nā makani ikaika, a me nā ʻāina hoʻohele. ʻO ka laʻana kaulana loa o kahi ʻino makani pāhili ʻo Hurricane Katrina, ka mea i hōʻino nui ma New Orleans, ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, i ka makahiki 2005.
ʻO nā inoa ʻē aʻe no nā cyclones tropical i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā wahi like ʻole o ka honua:
– ʻO ka makani ʻino: Ma ka Moana ʻAkelanika a me ka Moana Pākīpika hikina ʻākau.
– Taifoon: Ma ke komohana ʻākau o ka Moana Pākīpika.
– ʻO ka makani pāhili: Ma ke Kai ʻĪnia a me ke Kai Pakipika komohana hema.
2. ʻO ka makani pāhili ma waho o ka tropika
ʻO nā cyclones extratropical, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he mau cyclones mid-latitude, hoʻokumu ʻia ma waho o nā tropics, maʻamau ma nā wahi waena a hiki i nā wahi latitude kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole e like me nā cyclones tropical, ka mea e loaʻa ai ko lākou ikehu mai nā mahana mahana o ka ʻilikai, loaʻa i nā cyclones extratropical ko lākou ikehu mai nā ʻokoʻa mahana ākea a me ka launa pū ʻana ma waena o ka ea mahana a me ke anuanu. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia nā cyclones extratropical me nā ʻaoʻao o ke aniau a hoʻopuka pinepine i ka ua nui, ka hau, a me nā makani ikaika. He mea maʻamau lākou ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka hoʻoilo.
3. ʻO ka makani pāhili subtropical
ʻO kahi ʻinokele subtropical kahi ʻano ʻinokele nona nā ʻano ma waena o nā ʻinokele tropical a me nā extratropical. Hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia kēia mau ʻinokele ma nā subtropics, ʻo ia ka wahi ma waena o nā tropical a me nā mid-latitudes. ʻO ka maʻamau, he anuanu nā kikowaena o nā ʻinokele subtropical ma mua o nā ʻinokele tropical akā nele i nā ʻokoʻa mahana koʻikoʻi i loko o ka ʻōnaehana e kū mai ana me nā ʻinokele extratropical. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka ikaika o lākou ma mua o nā ʻinokele tropical, hiki i nā ʻinokele subtropical ke hoʻopuka i ka wā ʻino loa a loaʻa nā hopena koʻikoʻi.
4. Pāhili Polar
ʻO nā ʻinokele polar he mau ʻinokele e hana ʻia ma nā wahi polar, maʻamau a puni ke Kai Arctic a i ʻole Antarctica. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o lākou a emi iki ka ikaika ma mua o nā ʻinokele tropical a extratropical paha, akā hiki iā lākou ke lawe mai i nā makani ikaika a me ke aniau ʻino. Hoʻomaka pinepine nā ʻinokele polar i ka hoʻoilo a hiki ke hana i nā ʻino hau a me ka ʻike maikaʻi ʻole.
5. Mesocyclone
He ʻino liʻiliʻi ka mesocyclone e hana ʻia ana i loko o kahi hekili supercell. Hiki i kēia mau mesocyclones ke hana i nā tornadoes a me nā hanana ʻino ʻē aʻe. Hoʻokumu pinepine lākou ma nā wahi me ka ʻoki makani kiʻekiʻe, kahi e hana ai i ka hoʻohuli ʻana i loko o ka hekili. He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi nā Mesocyclones i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā tornadoes a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā pōʻino e pili ana.
Ka hopena o ke au ʻino a me ka hoʻēmi ʻana
Hiki i nā makani ʻino, ʻoiai nā makani ʻino wela, ke hōʻino nui i nā wahi a lākou e hele ai. ʻO nā makani ikaika, ka ua nui, a me ke kahe ʻana ke hōʻino i nā waiwai, nā hoʻopilikia i ka halihali, a me ka nalowale ʻana o ke ola. No laila, he mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻēmi ʻana i nā pōʻino a me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no ka makani ʻino.
ʻO kēia mau hana hoʻēmi:
– ʻŌlelo Aʻo Mua: Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻenehana ukali a me ka radar aniau e nānā i ka ulu ʻana o nā makani ʻino a hāʻawi i nā ʻōlelo aʻo mua i ka lehulehu.
– Ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana: Hiki i kahi hoʻolālā hoʻoneʻe kūpono a hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia i ke ola kanaka.
– Hoʻolālā ʻĀina Hana: Hiki i nā hale a me nā ʻōnaehana hana ke pale aku i ka makani ʻino ke hōʻemi i ka pōʻino waiwai.
– Hoʻonaʻauao Kaiaulu: ʻO ka hoʻonaʻauao ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no nā makani ʻino e hoʻonui i ka mākaukau o ke kaiāulu.
Ka hopena
He mau hanana ʻano ʻino nā ʻino makani e pili ana i nā ʻano like ʻole e pili ana i ko lākou wahi a me nā ʻano. Mai nā ʻino makani ikaika a hiki i nā mesocyclones e pili ana i ka makani ʻino, he hopena koʻikoʻi ko kēlā me kēia i ke kaiapuni a me ke ola kanaka. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka wehewehe ʻana a me nā ʻano o nā ʻino makani, a me nā hana hoʻēmi kūpono, he mea nui ia no ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka pōʻino a me ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka palekana o ke kanaka. Me ka holomua o ka ʻenehana ʻano ʻino, ua manaʻolana ʻia e hiki iā mākou ke hoʻoponopono maikaʻi a hoʻomākaukau no nā hoʻoweliweli i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā ʻino makani.
