Nā Hōʻailona a me nā ʻŌuli o ka Rabies i nā Holoholona: Ka ʻIke ʻana, ka ʻIke ʻana, a me ka Kāohi ʻana
Pendahuluan
He maʻi viral make loa ka Rabies e hoʻouka ana i ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena o nā mammals, me nā kānaka. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e kahi maʻi no ka genus Lyssavirus. Hoʻolaha pinepine ʻia ka Rabies ma o ka nahu ʻana o kahi holoholona i loaʻa i ka maʻi. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ka rabies i nā holoholona he mea nui ia no ka ʻike mua ʻana a me ka pale ʻana i ka laha hou ʻana, ma waena o nā holoholona a me nā kānaka. E hāʻawi kēia ʻatikala i kahi wehewehe piha o nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ka rabies i nā holoholona, a me pehea e mālama ai.
Ka Hoʻoili a me ke ʻAno o ka Hoʻolaha ʻana
Hoʻolaha ʻia ka rabies ma o ka lawai o kahi holoholona i loaʻa i ka maʻi, kahi e komo pololei ai i loko o nā ʻiʻo o ke kino ma o kahi nahu a i ʻole ka ʻōpala. A laila laha ka maʻi i ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena ma o nā aʻalolo peripheral. Ke hiki i ka lolo, hoʻoulu ka maʻi i nā ʻano hōʻailona neurological like ʻole ma mua o ka make ʻana. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo he hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona rabies i loko o ke kanaka ma hope o kahi manawa hoʻoulu lōʻihi, ʻo ia hoʻi 1-3 mau mahina ma hope o ka nahu ʻana.
Nā Hōʻailona a me nā ʻŌuli o ka Rabies i nā Holoholona
ʻOkoʻa nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ka rabies i nā holoholona ma muli o ke kahua o ka maʻi viral. ʻElua ʻano lapaʻau nui o ka rabies: ka rabies "ferocious" a me ka rabies "paralytic". Eia nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli like ʻole e hiki iā mākou ke ʻike:
1. Kahua Prodromal
ʻO ke kahua prodromal ka pae mua o ka maʻi, e mau ana no 2-3 mau lā. ʻO nā hōʻailona i kēia pae he mea kikoʻī ʻole a paʻakikī ke ʻike. Hiki i nā holoholona ke hōʻike i nā loli ʻano liʻiliʻi, e like me:
– Hilahila a makaʻu paha no ke kumu ʻike ʻole ʻia
– Ua emi ka makemake e ʻai
– Kuni iki
- Hoʻonui ʻia ka huhū
2. Nā Rabies Huhū
I kēia pae, e hōʻike ka holoholona i nā ʻano hana ʻino a me nā hōʻailona o ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka hoʻāla ʻana o ke aʻalolo. Ke mau nei kēia mau hōʻailona no 1-7 mau lā a penei:
– Hoʻouka kaua: ʻO nā holoholona i maʻa mau i ka noho mālie, e lilo paha i mea hoʻouka kaua loa a paʻakikī ke kaohi.
– ʻAʻole makaʻu i kānaka: ʻO nā holoholona hihiu e like me nā raccoons, nā peʻapeʻa, a i ʻole nā ʻalopeke e makaʻu mau ana i kānaka e hoʻokokoke mai a hoʻāʻo e hoʻouka i kānaka.
– Hoʻomaha ʻole a hyperactive: E ʻike ʻia ka holoholona he hoʻomaha ʻole a neʻe mau me ka ʻole o kahi kumu maopopo.
– Ke nau ʻana i nā mea ʻē: Hiki i nā holoholona ke nau i nā mea ʻē a i ʻole nā ʻāpana o ko lākou kino ponoʻī.
– Nā loli i ka leo: Hiki i nā holoholona ke hana i nā leo ʻē, e like me ke ʻaoa ʻana ma kahi leo ʻokoʻa ma mua o ka mea maʻamau a i ʻole ka uē ʻana.
– Ka haunaele a me nā hopu ʻana: Hiki i nā holoholona ke loaʻa ka haunaele a me nā hopu ʻana no ka mea ua hiki aku ka maʻi i ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena.
3. Rabies “Paralytic” (Rabies Dumb)
ʻO ka rabies paralytic ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e ka nāwaliwali o nā ʻiʻo a me ka maʻi lolo. ʻO ka maʻamau, he 2-4 mau lā ka lōʻihi o kēia pae, a penei nā hōʻailona:
– Nāwaliwali laulā: Ke nānā aku nei nā holoholona i ka palaualelo, nāwaliwali, a ʻaʻohe ikaika.
– Ka lolo ʻiʻo: Hoʻomaka ka lolo ʻiʻo ma nā ʻiʻo o ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī a laila laha a puni ke kino.
– Dysphagia: Paʻakikī i ka moni ʻana, hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka salivation nui a i ʻole hypersalivation.
– Ka maʻi lolo o ka maka: Hiki ke ʻano like ʻole ke alo o ka holoholona ma muli o ka nāwaliwali o nā ʻiʻo.
– Coma a me ka make: I ka pae hope loa, e hāʻule ka holoholona i loko o kahi coma a make i ka hopena.
Ka Hōʻailona Rabies
ʻAʻole hiki ke hana ʻia ka ʻike ʻana i ka rabies i nā holoholona ma muli wale nō o nā hōʻailona lapaʻau, no ka mea, hiki i kēia mau hōʻailona ke hoʻohālike i nā maʻi ʻē aʻe. Hana pinepine ʻia kahi ʻike hope loa ma o:
– Ka Hoʻokolokolo ʻana i ka Luhi, ke Koko, a me nā ʻiʻo lolo: Nā hoʻokolohua hale hana e ʻike ai i ke alo o ka maʻi rabies i nā hāpana olaola.
– Ka Hoʻokolokolo Histopathological: Ka hoʻokolokolo microscopic o ka ʻiʻo lolo ma hope o ka make ʻana o ka holoholona e ʻimi i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi rabies (e.g., nā kino Negri).
Hana pale
He mea koʻikoʻi ka pale ʻana i ka rabies ma muli o ka nui o ka make o ka maʻi. Eia kekahi mau hana pale hiki iā ʻoe ke hana:
1. Ka lāʻau pale ʻana
He ala kūpono ka lāʻau pale no ka pale ʻana i ka rabies i nā holoholona a me nā holoholona. Pono e lāʻau pale mau ʻia nā holoholona e like me nā ʻīlio, nā pōpoki, a me nā lio e like me ke kuhikuhi a ke kauka holoholona. He mea nui nō hoʻi ka lāʻau pale no nā holoholona hihiu e launa pinepine me nā kānaka.
2. Ka Mana ʻana i nā Holoholona Hihiu
ʻO ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka heluna o nā holoholona hihiu weliweli e like me nā raccoons, nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa, a me nā ʻīlio hihiu hiki ke hōʻemi i ka laha ʻana o ka rabies. Ma kekahi mau wahi, hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau pale waha i hāʻawi ʻia i loko o ka maunu e kāohi i ka rabies i nā holoholona hihiu.
3. Hoʻonaʻauao Lehulehu
Ke hoʻomaopopo nei i ka lehulehu e pili ana i ke koʻikoʻi o ka pale ʻana i nā holoholona a pehea e pale aku ai i ka launa pū ʻana me nā holoholona hihiu i loaʻa paha i ka rabies. He mea koʻikoʻi ka ʻike e pili ana i ka lawelawe ʻana i nā nahu holoholona a me nā hana mua e hana ai.
Ka Manaʻo Mua i ka Nahu ʻana o nā Holoholona
Inā ua nahu ʻia kekahi kanaka a holoholona paha e kahi holoholona i manaʻo ʻia he rabies, ʻo nā hana mua e hana ai:
1. E holoi i ka ʻeha: E holoi i ka ʻeha me ke kopa a me ka wai e kahe ana no 15 mau minuke ma ka liʻiliʻi e hōʻemi i ka ukana viral ma ka ʻeha.
2. E hoʻopili i ka mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe: E hoʻohana i kahi mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe e like me ka waiʻona a i ʻole ka iodine ma ka ʻeha.
3. E lawe i ka holoholona i ke kauka: E kūkākūkā koke me ke kauka a kauka holoholona paha. I loko o ke kanaka, ʻo ka lāʻau pale ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana he hana koʻikoʻi ia i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi rabies.
Ka lawelawe ʻana i nā holoholona i loaʻa i ka maʻi
ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau no nā holoholona i loaʻa i ka rabies. Ke kālele nei ka hoʻokele ʻana i ka pale ʻana i ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi a me ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻana i ka ʻeha o nā holoholona. Pono e pepehi ʻia nā holoholona e hōʻike ana i nā hōʻailona o ka rabies i mea e pale aku ai i ka pilikia hou aʻe. Pono e hana pono ʻia kēia hana a e like me nā lula olakino a me ka pono o nā holoholona e pili ana.
Ka hopena
He maʻi lele a make loa ka Rabies e pono ai nā mea nona nā holoholona a me ka lehulehu e makaʻala. He mea nui ka ʻike ʻana i nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ka rabies i nā holoholona no ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama mua ʻana. Me ka lāʻau pale, ka kaohi ʻana i nā holoholona hihiu, ka hoʻonaʻauao lehulehu, a me ka pane koke ʻana i nā nahu, hiki ke hoʻemi nui ʻia ka pilikia o ka laha ʻana o ka rabies. ʻO ka hoʻonaʻauao, ka pale ʻana, a me ka pane wikiwiki ʻana he mea nui ia no ke kaua ʻana i kēia maʻi weliweli.
Ma o ka ʻike pono ʻana i nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ka rabies a me nā hana pale kūpono, hiki iā kākou ke pale i kā kākou mau holoholona, iā kākou iho, a me ke kaiāulu mai nā pōʻino i kau ʻia e ka rabies.
