Nā Pōʻino a me ka Lāʻau ʻana o ka Maʻi Lyme i nā ʻīlio
ʻO ka maʻi Lyme i nā ʻīlio he maʻi ia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi a laha nui ʻia ma o ka nahu ʻana o nā ʻuku (ticks) o ka hui Ixodes (i kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo "deer ticks" a i ʻole "black-legged ticks" ma kekahi mau ʻāina). ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kūkākūkā ʻana i loko o ke kanaka, he mea nui nō hoʻi ka makaʻala i ka maʻi Lyme i nā ʻīlio no ka mea hiki iā ia ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi hono, ka emi ʻana o ke ʻano o ke ola, a me nā pilikia koʻikoʻi inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia. Kūkākūkā kēia ʻatikala i nā pilikia, nā hōʻailona, ka ʻike ʻana, ka mālama ʻana, a me ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi Lyme i nā ʻīlio.
He aha ka maʻi Lyme a pehea e hoʻolaha ʻia ai?
Hoʻomaka ka maʻi Lyme i ka wā e hānai ai kahi ʻuku i loaʻa i ka maʻi i ke koko o ka ʻīlio a hoʻoili i ka bacteria Borrelia i loko o ke kino. ʻAʻole koke ka laha ʻana; i nā manawa he nui, pono e hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻuku no kekahi mau hola ma mua o ka laha ʻana o ka bacteria. No laila, ʻo nā nānā mau ʻana a me ka wehe koke ʻana i ka ʻuku hiki ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka maʻi.
Noho pinepine nā ʻuku ma nā wahi ulu lāʻau, nā mauʻu kiʻekiʻe, nā māla, nā ululāʻau, a i ʻole nā wahi pulu i noho ai nā holoholona hihiu. ʻO nā ʻīlio e pāʻani pinepine ana ma waho, e hele wāwae ana i nā wahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a i ʻole e noho ana i nā wahi i loaʻa ai nā ʻuku, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka pilikia.
Nā Kumu Pilikia no ka Maʻi Lyme i nā ʻīlio
Aia kekahi mau mea e hoʻonui ai i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi Lyme i kahi ʻīlio:
1. Kahi ʻāina a me ke kau
ʻO nā wahi me ka nui o ka heluna makika e ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hihia. Hoʻonui pinepine nā kau mahana a pulu i ka hana makika, ʻoiai ma kekahi mau wahi, noho mau nā makika i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa.
2. Ka nohona ʻīlio
ʻO nā ʻīlio e hele pinepine ana, hahai holoholona, hoʻomoana, a pāʻani paha ma ka mauʻu kiʻekiʻe e maʻalahi lākou i nā nahu ʻia e nā makika.
3. ʻAʻohe pale ʻana i ka makika
ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻole ʻana i nā lāʻau antiparasitic maʻamau (spot-on, chewable, antiparasitic collar) e hoʻonui i ka manawa kūpono o ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā makika no ka manawa lōʻihi.
4. Lauoho mānoanoa a me nā nānā kino pinepine ʻole
Hiki i nā ʻuku ke "peʻe" ma hope o ka huluhulu, ʻoiai ma ka pepeiao, ka ʻāʻī, nā ʻūpā lima, ma waena o nā manamana lima, a me nā ʻili o ka ʻili.
5. Ka nohona home e kākoʻo ana i nā makika
ʻO nā pā hale me ka mauʻu lōʻihi, nā puʻu lau, a i ʻole ka nui o nā holoholona hihiu e hele mai ana a hele aku ana paha, hiki ke lilo i kumu o nā makika.
Nā Hōʻailona e Makaʻala ai
ʻAʻole nā ʻīlio a pau i loaʻa i ka maʻi e hōʻike koke i nā hōʻailona. Hiki i kekahi ke "seropositive" (hoʻāʻo maikaʻi no nā antibodies) akā ʻike ʻia he olakino. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā hōʻailona lapaʻau maʻamau:
- Ka neʻe ʻana o ka lameness, e pili pinepine ana me ka ʻeha hui
– Ua pehu nā hono a ʻeha ke pā aku
– Ke kuni a me ka palaualelo
– Ua emi ka makemake e ʻai
– Nā kikowaena lymph i hoʻonui ʻia
– ʻOʻoleʻa i ke ala ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻokaʻulua e neʻe/piʻi i ke alapiʻi
ʻO ka pilikia weliweli loa i loko o kahi pakeneka liʻiliʻi o nā ʻīlio he maʻi puʻupaʻa koʻikoʻi i kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo Lyme nephritis. Hiki i kēia kūlana ke hoʻoulu:
– Ka luaʻi ʻana, ka maʻi pākī
- Pohō kaumaha wikiwiki
– Ka makewai nui a me ka mimi ʻana
ʻEdema (pehu ʻana) ma kekahi mau ʻāpana o ke kino
– Nāwaliwali koʻikoʻi i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa
Inā hōʻike kāu ʻīlio i nā hōʻailona i luna, ʻoiai ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi māka a ma hope paha o ka hana ʻana ma kahi wahi pilikia, pono ʻoe e nīnau koke aku i ke kauka holoholona.
Ka Hōʻailona: No ke aha ʻaʻole lawa ka "Nānā wale i nā Hōʻailona"?
Hiki i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi Lyme ke hoʻohālikelike i nā kūlana ʻē aʻe, e like me nā maʻi hui, nā ʻeha ligament, nā maʻi autoimmune, a i ʻole nā maʻi ʻē aʻe i lawe ʻia e ka tick. No laila, hoʻohui pinepine nā kauka holoholona i kekahi mau ʻano hana:
1. Ka mōʻaukala o ka hōʻike ʻana i nā makika a me ke kaiapuni
He mea kōkua nui ka ʻike e pili ana i nā kahua pāʻani, ka huakaʻi ʻana i nā wahi laha ʻole, a i ʻole inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe nā makika a ʻaʻole paha.
2. Hoʻokolokolo kino
E loiloi i ka ʻeha o nā hono, ke kuni, ka maloʻo ʻana o ka wai, nā ʻōpū i hoʻonui ʻia, a me ke kūlana maʻamau.
3. Hoʻāʻo koko antibody wikiwiki (e.g. C6/4DX)
ʻIke kēia hoʻāʻo i nā antibodies i Borrelia. ʻO ka hopena maikaʻi ke ʻano ua hōʻike ʻia ka ʻīlio, akā ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo ua loaʻa iā ia ka maʻi.
4. Nā hoʻāʻo koko a me ka mimi hou aʻe
Hiki ke hana ʻia e nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka mumū, ka hana o nā puʻupaʻa, ka protein i loko o ka mimi (proteinuria), a me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe e kuhikuhi ana i nā pilikia.
5. Nā hoʻāʻo hou aʻe inā pono
I kekahi mau hihia, hiki i kāu kauka holoholona ke ʻōlelo i ka hoʻāʻo hōʻoia a i ʻole ka nānā ʻana no nā maʻi ʻē aʻe (e like me Anaplasma, Ehrlichia) i lawe ʻia e nā ʻuku.
Ka lawelawe ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana
ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau mua no ka maʻi Lyme i nā ʻīlio he mau antibiotics. Na ke kauka holoholona e hoʻoholo i ke koho lāʻau, ka nui, a me ka lōʻihi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ke kūlana lapaʻau o ka ʻīlio, nā hopena hoʻokolokolo, a me ke kaumaha. I nā hihia he nui, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā antibiotics e like me ka doxycycline no ka mea uhi pū lākou i nā maʻi ʻē aʻe i lawe ʻia e ka ʻupena, akā pono e hoʻokumu ʻia ka hoʻoholo ma ka loiloi kauka holoholona.
Ma waho aʻe o nā antibiotics, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe:
1. Ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻeha a me ka mumū
Inā ʻeha loa ke ami, hiki i kāu kauka holoholona ke kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory a i ʻole nā lāʻau analgesic no nā holoholona. Mai hāʻawi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau kanaka me ka ʻole o ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ke kauka holoholona, no ka mea, hiki i kekahi ke hōʻino i nā ʻīlio.
2. Nā kapu hoʻomaha a me nā hana
Hiki i ka hana ikaika ke hoʻonui i ka ʻeha o nā hono. Kōkua nā kapu no ka manawa pōkole i ka ho'ōla hou ʻana.
3. Ke nānā ʻana i ka hana o nā puʻupaʻa
Inā kānalua ʻia ka Lyme nephritis a loaʻa paha ka proteinuria, hiki i kāu kauka holoholona ke ʻōlelo i kahi meaʻai kūikawā, ka lāʻau lapaʻau wai, nā lāʻau lapaʻau kākoʻo puʻupaʻa, a me ka nānā mau ʻana.
4. E nānā hou
Ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki i kāu kauka holoholona ke ʻōlelo i kahi loiloi hou e hōʻoia i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o nā hōʻailona a e nānā no ka hoʻi hou ʻana a i ʻole nā pilikia o ka puʻupaʻa.
Hoʻomaikaʻi kekahi mau ʻīlio i loko o kekahi mau lā o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoi aku hoʻi no nā hōʻailona hui. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka pane; pono paha kekahi i ka nānā lōʻihi a i ʻole nā hoʻokolokolo hou inā hoʻomau nā hōʻailona.
Kāohi: ʻO ke Kaʻina Hana Kūpono Loa
Ma muli o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi Lyme me ka nahu ʻana o ka makika, ke kālele nei ka pale ʻana i ka kaohi ʻana i nā makika a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka pilikia:
1. E hoʻohana mau i ka mea pale maka
Hiki i nā huahana antiparasitic (nā papa nau, nā kola) ke kōkua i ka pepehi ʻana a i ʻole ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā makika. E koho i hoʻokahi i kūpono i ka makahiki, ke olakino, a me ke ʻano o kāu ʻīlio—e kūkākūkā me kāu kauka holoholona.
2. E nānā i ke kino o kāu ʻīlio i kēlā me kēia manawa e hoʻi mai ai ʻo ia mai waho mai.
E hoʻopā a nānā i nā wahi palupalu: nā pepeiao, ka ʻāʻī, ka umauma, nā ʻāʻī lima, ka ʻūhā, ma waena o nā manamana wāwae, a me ke kumu o ka huelo. Hiki ke ʻike maʻalahi ʻia nā makika liʻiliʻi.
3. Pehea e wehe pono ai i nā ʻuku
E hoʻohana i nā tweezers kūikawā a i ʻole kahi mea hana wehe makika. E hopu i ka makika a kokoke loa i ka ʻili o ka ʻili a laila huki mālie a paʻa. Mai ʻomi i ka makika, no ka mea hiki i kēia ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka hoʻoili ʻana i nā pathogens. Ma hope, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kahi nahu.
4. E hoʻokele i ke kaiapuni home
E ʻokiʻoki i ka lau nahele, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā puʻu lau, e hoʻēmi i nā kumulāʻau i ulu nui, a e kaupalena i ke komo ʻana o nā holoholona hihiu i ka pā hale i nā manawa hiki.
5. E noʻonoʻo i ka lāʻau pale (inā loaʻa a ʻōlelo ʻia)
Loaʻa nā lāʻau pale maʻi Lyme no nā ʻīlio ma kekahi mau ʻāina a me nā keʻena lapaʻau a manaʻo pinepine ʻia no nā ʻīlio e noho ana a i ʻole e hele pinepine ana i nā wahi endemic. ʻAʻole pani ka lāʻau pale i ka pale ʻana i nā makika, akā hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i kahi papa pale hou aʻe.
Āhea ʻoe e ʻike koke ai i kahi kauka holoholona?
E ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau inā loaʻa i kāu ʻīlio:
– Ka ʻōʻō koke ʻana, nā hono pehu, a i ʻole ka ʻeha nui
- Ke kuni a me ka palaualelo no nā lā he 1-2 a ʻoi aku
– Ka luaʻi mau ʻana/ka maʻi pākīkī, ka makemake ʻole e ʻai, a i ʻole ka nāwaliwali
– Nā hōʻailona o nā pilikia puʻupaʻa e like me ka makewai pinepine, ka mimi pinepine, a i ʻole ka pehu ʻana o ke kino
– Loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi māka i hoʻopili ʻia a hoʻomaka ka ʻīlio e hōʻike i nā loli i ke ʻano/neʻe ʻana.
Ka hopena
He hoʻoweliweli maoli ka maʻi Lyme i nā ʻīlio ma nā wahi i loaʻa ai nā makika lawe Borrelia. Hoʻonui ka pilikia i nā ʻīlio e hana ana ma waho, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole i hoʻokō mau ʻia ka pale ʻana i nā makika. ʻO ke kī i ka mālama ʻana, ʻo ia ka ʻike mua ʻana, ka hōʻoia kūpono, ka mālama ʻana i nā antibiotic e like me ka ʻōlelo a kāu kauka holoholona, a me ka nānā ʻana i nā pilikia - ʻoiai nā mea e pili ana i ka puʻupaʻa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ke ʻano hana maikaʻi loa ka pale ʻana: ka pale ʻana i nā makika maʻamau, nā hoʻokolohua kino ma hope o ka hana waho, a me ka hoʻokele ʻana i ke kaiapuni. Me nā ʻanuʻu kūpono, hiki i ka hapa nui o nā ʻīlio ke hoʻōla a hoʻi i kā lākou mau hana maʻamau me ka ʻoluʻolu.
Inā makemake ʻoe, hiki iaʻu ke hoʻopilikino i kēia ʻatikala i kahi lehulehu kikoʻī (e laʻa, nā mea nona nā ʻīlio mua, ke kaiāulu aloha ʻīlio, a i ʻole nā mea hoʻonaʻauao ma ke keʻena holoholona), a i ʻole e hoʻohui i kahi papa inoa o nā kumu kuhikuhi a me nā FAQ.
