Nā Manaʻo no ke Kanu ʻana i nā Hua Dragon me ka Holomua
ʻO ka hua deragona, i ʻike nui ʻia ʻo ka hua deragona, ua kaulana ia no kona ʻili ʻulaʻula poni a me ka ʻiʻo keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula paha me nā hua ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua lilo ka hua deragona i mea kaulana a puni ka honua, ʻaʻole wale no kona ʻono ʻono akā no kona mau pono olakino he nui. Inā makemake ʻoe e ulu i ka hua deragona, inā no ka ʻai pilikino a i ʻole nā kumu kūʻai, e hāʻawi kēia ʻatikala i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka mahi ʻana i ka hua deragona holomua.
1. Ke koho ʻana i ke ʻano kūpono
ʻO ka hana mua i ka ulu ʻana i ka hua deragona, ʻo ia ke koho ʻana i ke ʻano kūpono. Aia kekahi mau ʻano hua deragona e koho ai, e like me:
– Hylocereus undatus: Hua deragona me ka ʻili ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻiʻo keʻokeʻo.
– Hylocereus costaricensis: Hua deragona me ka ʻili ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻiʻo ʻulaʻula.
– Hylocereus megalanthus: Hua deragona me ka ʻili melemele a me ka ʻiʻo keʻokeʻo.
ʻO ke koho ʻana i ke ʻano kanu e pili ana i kāu mau makemake a me nā kūlana o ke kaiapuni āu e noho ai. He ʻokoʻa iki nā pono o kēlā me kēia ʻano, no laila he mea naʻauao ke hana hou aku i ka noiʻi ʻana i kēlā me kēia ʻano.
2. Hoʻomākaukau ʻĀina
Pono nā hua deragona i nā kūlana lepo maikaʻi e ulu pono ai a hua i nā hua maikaʻi loa. Eia kekahi mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka lepo:
– Mālamalama: Pono ka hua deragona ma ka liʻiliʻi he 6-8 mau hola o ka lā piha i kēlā me kēia lā. E hōʻoia i ka lawa ʻana o ka lā ma kahi i koho ʻia.
– Ka hoʻokahe wai: ʻAʻole makemake nā hua deragona i ka lepo i piha i ka wai. E hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokahe wai o ka ʻāina e pale ai i ka pala ʻana o ke aʻa o ka hua deragona.
– pH lepo: Ulu maikaʻi loa ka hua deragona i ka lepo me ka pH ma waena o 6 a me 7. Inā ʻaʻole kūpono ka pH lepo, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i ka lime mahiʻai e hoʻonui i ka pH a i ʻole ka sulfur e hoʻohaʻahaʻa iā ia.
3. Ke kanu ʻana
Ke mākaukau ka ʻāina, ʻo ka hana aʻe ke kanu ʻana:
– Nā ʻokiʻoki a i ʻole nā hua: Hiki ke ulu ʻia nā hua deragona mai nā ʻokiʻoki kumu a i ʻole nā hua, akā makemake ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki ma muli o ko lākou wikiwiki o ka ulu ʻana. E koho i nā ʻokiʻoki kumu olakino a ʻaʻohe maʻi.
– Ke kanu ʻana i nā ʻokiʻoki: E ʻeli i kahi lua kanu ma kahi o 5-7 kenimika ka hohonu. E kanu i ka ʻokiʻoki me ka lalo i loko o ka lepo. E hoʻopaʻa i ka lepo a puni ka ʻokiʻoki e hoʻopaʻa iā ia i luna.
– Ka Mamao o ke Kanu ʻana: Pono ka hua deragona i kahi ākea e ulu ai. E kanu i nā ʻokiʻoki ma kahi o 2-3 mika ke kaʻawale.
4. Pemeliharaan
He mea nui ka mālama pono ʻana no ka ʻohi maikaʻi loa. Eia kekahi mau mea e noʻonoʻo ai i ka mālama ʻana i nā mea kanu hua deragona:
– Ka hoʻoinu ʻana: Pono ka hua deragona i ka hoʻoinu mau ʻana, ʻoiai i ka wā maloʻo. Eia nō naʻe, e pale i ka hoʻoinu nui ʻana, hiki ke hoʻopōʻino i ke aʻa.
– Hoʻomomona: E hoʻopili pinepine i ka mea hoʻomomona i loaʻa ka naikokene, phosphorus, a me ka potassium. Paipai nui ʻia nā mea hoʻomomona organik e like me ka compost a i ʻole ka manure.
– Kākoʻo: He mea kanu piʻi ka hua deragona. E hoʻolako i kahi lāʻau a kākoʻo paha he 1,5-2 mika ke kiʻekiʻe e hōʻoia i ka ulu kūpono ʻana.
– ʻOkiʻoki: E ʻoki mau i nā lāʻau e kāohi i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu a hoʻonui i ka hana hua. Kōkua pū ka ʻokiʻoki i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kahe ʻana o ka ea a hoʻemi i ka pilikia o nā hoʻouka ʻana o nā mea ʻino a me nā maʻi.
5. Ka Mana ʻana i nā Mea ʻIno a me nā Maʻi
He maʻalahi nā mea kanu hua deragona i kekahi mau mea ʻino a me nā maʻi, e like me nā mealybugs, nā anuhe, a me ka pala kumu. Eia kekahi mau hana kaohi hiki iā ʻoe ke hana:
– Nānā Mau: E hana i nā nānā mau ʻana i nā mea kanu e ʻike mua i nā mea ʻino a me nā maʻi.
– Nā Pesticides Kūlohelohe: E hoʻohana i nā pesticides kūlohelohe e like me ka ʻaila neem a i ʻole nā pesticides homemade i hana ʻia mai nā mea kūlohelohe e kāohi i nā mea ʻino.
– Hoʻomaʻemaʻe: E mālama i ka māla ma ka wehe ʻana i nā nāhelehele a me nā ʻōpala mea kanu e hiki ke lilo i wahi hoʻohua no nā mea ʻino a me nā maʻi.
6. ʻOhi a me ka Ma hope o ka ʻOhi
Hoʻomaka pinepine ka hua deragona e hua i ka hua 1-2 mau makahiki ma hope o ke kanu ʻana i nā ʻokiʻoki. Ua mākaukau ka hua deragona e ʻohi i ka wā i lilo ai ka ʻili i ʻulaʻula ʻālohilohi a melemele paha (ma muli o ke ʻano). Eia kekahi mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka ʻohi ʻana a me ka ʻohi ʻana ma hope o ka ʻohi ʻana:
– Ka ʻohi ʻana: E ʻoki pono i ke kumu hua me ka ʻokiʻoki a i ʻole ka pahi ʻoi. E hōʻoia ʻaʻole e hōʻino i ka hua a i ʻole ka mea kanu.
– Ka mālama ʻana: Hiki ke mālama ʻia nā hua deragona ma ka mahana o ka lumi no kekahi mau lā a i ʻole ʻelua pule i loko o ka pahu hau. Mai mālama i nā hua deragona ma kahi pulu, no ka mea hiki i kēia ke hoʻolalelale i ka palaho.
– Kūʻai aku: Inā e ulu ana i ka hua deragona no ke kālepa ʻana, e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō ʻana o ka hua deragona i ʻohi ʻia i nā kūlana maikaʻi. ʻO nā hua me ka ʻili laumania, ʻaʻohe kiko ʻeleʻele, a ma ke kūlana maikaʻi loa e ʻimi nui ʻia ma ka mākeke.
7. Nā Manaʻo Kōkua Hou Aʻe
No ka hoʻonui ʻana i kou holomua i ka ulu ʻana i nā hua deragona, e hoʻolohe i kēia mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo hou aʻe:
– Hoʻonaʻauao Hoʻomau: E hoʻomaikaʻi mau i kou ʻike i nā ʻano hana mahiʻai hua deragona hou loa. E hele i nā seminā, e heluhelu i nā puke a me nā ʻatikala pili, a e hui pū me kahi kaiāulu mahiʻai hua deragona.
– Nā ʻano like ʻole: ʻO ke kanu ʻana i nā ʻano like ʻole he nui e hoʻonui i ka ʻokoʻa o ka ʻohi ʻana a hoʻonui i ka ʻike mahiʻai.
– Ka Hana Pū ʻana me nā Mahiʻai ʻē aʻe: ʻO ka kaʻana like ʻana i nā ʻike a me ke aʻo ʻana mai nā mahiʻai hua deragona ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hāʻawi i nā ʻike hou a me nā hoʻonā e lanakila ai i nā pilikia e kū mai ana.
Ma ka hahai ʻana i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo ma luna a me ka nānā mau ʻana i kāu mau mea kanu, hiki iā ʻoe ke hauʻoli i ka mahi ʻana i nā hua deragona. Mai poina ʻo ke kī i ka mahi ʻana i nā mea kanu, ʻo ia ke ahonui a me ke ahonui. ʻAʻole wale ka hua deragona e hāʻawi i ka waiwai waiwai kiʻekiʻe akā hiki ke lilo i waiwai nui i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i kou ola a me ke olakino. Hauʻoli ka māla!
