Nā Hana Electromagnetic Domain Frequency ma Geophysics
Introduction:
He mea koʻikoʻi ka ʻimi ʻana i nā ʻano hana o lalo o ka honua a me ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻano hana honua no nā noi like ʻole e like me ka unuhi ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai, ka loiloi kaiapuni, a me ke ʻano o lalo o ka honua. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano hana akamai i hōʻoia ʻia he waiwai nui i kēia mau noiʻi ʻana, ʻo ia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana electromagnetic domain frequency (FDEM). Ke ʻeli nei kēia ʻatikala i nā kumumanaʻo, nā ʻano hana, a me nā noi o FDEM i ka geophysics, e hōʻike ana i ko lākou koʻikoʻi a me nā pono ma mua o nā ʻano hana geophysical ʻē aʻe.
Nā Kumumanaʻo o nā Hana Electromagnetic Domain Frequency:
Hana nā ʻano hana electromagnetic domain alapine (frequency domain) ma muli o nā kumumanaʻo o ka induction electromagnetic. Ke hoʻokomo ʻia kahi kahua electromagnetic e loli ana i ka manawa i loko o ka honua, hoʻopuka ia i nā kahua electromagnetic lua ma o nā kaʻina hana induction i loko o nā mea conductive subsurface. Ma ka nānā ʻana i kēia mau kahua lua ma nā alapine like ʻole, hiki i kekahi ke hoʻoholo i nā waiwai o nā ʻano subsurface.
ʻO nā kaulike a Maxwell, e wehewehe ana i ke ʻano o nā kahua electromagnetic, ke kumu o nā hana FDEM. Ma ke ʻano kikoʻī, wehewehe nā kaulike pehea e hoʻoulu ai ke kahua mua (i hana ʻia e kahi kumu hana) i nā kahua lua i loko o nā kino conductive, e ʻae ana i ka unuhi ʻana i ka ʻike e pili ana i ka conductivity mai nā hōʻailona pane i ana ʻia.
Nā ʻĀpana a me nā Mea Hana:
ʻO ka mea hana maʻamau no nā anamanaʻo FDEM e komo pū ana me kahi mea hoʻoili, kahi mea loaʻa, a me nā ʻāpana uila no ka loaʻa ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i ka ʻikepili. Hoʻopuka ka mea hoʻoili i kahi kahua electromagnetic mua ma hoʻokahi a i ʻole nā alapine (frequency) he nui. Komo kēia kahua i loko o ka ʻili honua, launa pū me nā mea alakaʻi, a hoʻoulu i nā kahua electromagnetic lua.
ʻO ka mea loaʻa, i hoʻonoho pono ʻia ma nā mamao like ʻole mai ka mea hoʻoili, hopu i nā kahua electromagnetic hopena. Hoʻopaʻa ia i ka amplitude a me ke ʻano o nā kahua i hoʻokomo ʻia ma nā alapine like ʻole. A laila hana ka mea hoʻopaʻa ʻikepili i kēia mau hōʻailona, a hiki ke kālailai ʻia ka ʻike i hōʻiliʻili ʻia e hōʻike i nā hoʻolaha conductivity subsurface.
Nā ʻano hana:
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau ʻano hana i nā anamanaʻo FDEM, ma muli o ka pahuhopu a me nā koi hoʻonā. ʻO nā ʻano hana nui:
1. Ke kani ʻana i ka alapine hoʻokahi:
ʻO kēia ʻano hana e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i hoʻokahi alapine (frequency) e nānā ai i ka ʻili honua. He maʻalahi a wikiwiki hoʻi akā hiki ke hāʻawi i ka hoʻonā palena, ʻoiai hoʻi i nā hoʻonohonoho honua paʻakikī.
2. Ke kani ʻana i nā alapine he nui:
Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi laulā o nā alapine (frequency), hāʻawi ke kani ʻana o nā alapine (frequency) he hoʻonā hohonu i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke ʻano o nā papa o lalo o ka ʻili. ʻO ka nānā ʻana i ka hilinaʻi alapine (frequency) o ka attenuation a me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka pae (phase shift) e hāʻawi i ka ʻike kikoʻī hou aku e pili ana i nā loli conductivity me ka hohonu.
3. Hoʻopili ʻana i ka Electromagnetic:
ʻO kēia ʻano hana e pili ana i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka mea hoʻoili a me ka mea loaʻa ma ke ʻano like ma kahi ʻāpana ana e hana i kahi laina ʻikepili pilikino. Hōʻike kēia profiling i nā ʻokoʻa ʻaoʻao o ka conductivity subsurface.
4. Nā Anamanaʻo Pūnaewele:
ʻO ka hana ʻana i nā ana ʻōnaehana ma luna o kahi ʻano grid e ʻae ai i ka hana ʻana i nā palapala ʻāina conductivity 2D a i ʻole 3D. Hāʻawi nā ana grid i nā ʻike piha i ka hoʻolaha spatial o nā hiʻohiʻona o lalo o ka ʻilikai.
noi:
Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano hana FDEM i nā noi geophysical he nui, ʻo kekahi o ia mau mea:
1. ʻImi ʻana i nā Minerala:
He kūpono loa nā anamanaʻo FDEM i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā waihona mineral. ʻOkoʻa loa nā mineral conductive e like me nā sulfides me nā pōhaku e hoʻopuni ana, e hiki ai ke ʻike ʻia ma o nā ʻano FDEM. Hiki i ka ʻikepili multi-frequency ke koho i ke ʻano, ka nui, a me ka hohonu o nā kino ore hiki.
2. Noiʻi Wai Honua:
He mea koʻikoʻi ka ʻike ʻana a me ke ʻano ʻana i nā aquifers no ka hoʻokele waiwai wai. Kōkua nā hana FDEM i ka palapala ʻāina i ka nui o nā aquifers, hoʻoholo i nā waiwai hydraulic, a huli i nā wahi saline a i ʻole nā wahi haumia i loko o kēia mau ʻano wai.
3. Nā Loiloi Kaiapuni:
Pono pinepine nā loiloi kaiapuni i ka ʻike ʻana a me ke kaha kiʻi ʻana i nā mea haumia, e like me nā plumes leachate mai nā landfills a i ʻole nā ʻōpala ʻoihana. Ma muli o nā ʻokoʻa o ka conductivity uila ma waena o nā wahi i haumia a me nā wahi i haumia ʻole ʻia, hāʻawi nā hana FDEM i kahi ala kūpono e kaha kiʻi ai i ka nui o ka haumia.
4. Nā Anamanaʻo ʻIkehonua:
Kōkua nā anamanaʻo FDEM i nā mea kālaihonua i ka ʻike ʻana a me ke kaha kiʻi ʻana i nā hale i kanu ʻia, nā kahua, a me nā mea hana me ka ʻole o ka ʻeli ʻana. Hoʻokaʻawale pinepine nā loli i ka conductivity a me ka susceptibility magnetic i nā hiʻohiʻona kālaihonua mai ka lepo maoli a me nā ʻano pōhaku.
5. ʻEnekinia a me ka Hoʻolālā Kūlanakauhale:
Ma nā wahi kūlanakauhale, hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano FDEM e ʻimi i ka ʻili honua no ka loiloi ʻana i nā pono hana a me nā kumu hoʻolālā. Hoʻohana nā ʻenekinia i kēia mau ʻano e ʻimi i nā pono hana o lalo o ka ʻili honua, e palapala i ka hohonu o ka pōhaku moe, a ʻike i nā pōʻino e like me nā lua hohonu a i ʻole nā waho ʻole.
pono:
Hāʻawi nā ʻano FDEM i nā pono he nui i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano hana geophysical ʻē aʻe:
1. ʻAʻole komo:
He ʻano hana ʻole ka ana ʻana o FDEM, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopilikia i ka ʻili honua a ʻaʻole hoʻi e pono ai ka ʻeli ʻana. He mea maikaʻi loa kēia i nā wahi koʻikoʻi a me nā wahi kahi i manaʻo nui ʻia ai ka mālama ʻana.
2. ʻImi Hohonu Nui:
Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā alapine (frequencies) he nui, ʻae nā hana FDEM i ka ʻimi ʻana ma nā hohonu like ʻole, e hāʻawi ana i kahi ʻikepili hohonu o lalo o ka ʻilikai.
3. Ka Pono o ka Manawa:
Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe, ua wikiwiki ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā anamanaʻo FDEM a hiki ke uhi i nā wahi nui i loko o nā manawa pōkole, e hoʻolilo ana iā lākou i mea kūpono i ke kumukūʻai.
4. Hoʻonā Kiʻekiʻe:
ʻO ka hiki ke ana i nā ʻokoʻa o ka amplitude a me ka pae ma nā alapine (frequency) he nui e ʻae ai i ke kiʻi ʻana i nā ʻokoʻa o ka conductivity ma lalo o ka ʻilikai.
Nā pilikia a me nā palena:
ʻOiai nā pono, ʻaʻole pilikia nā hana FDEM:
1. Wehewehe ʻIkepili:
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i ka ʻikepili FDEM e pono ai nā algorithms inversion paʻakikī a me ka hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi ʻana i ka geology kūloko e hoʻololi i nā pane electromagnetic i nā hiʻohiʻona subsurface koʻikoʻi.
2. Hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka Conductivity:
ʻO ka pono o nā hana FDEM e hilinaʻi nui ʻia ana i ka ʻokoʻa o ka conductivity uila. Ma nā wahi me ka conductivity haʻahaʻa a kiʻekiʻe paha, hiki ke paʻakikī ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona o lalo o ka ʻilikai.
3. Walaʻau Moʻomeheu:
Ma nā wahi kūlanakauhale, hiki i ka hoʻopilikia electromagnetic mai nā laina mana, nā hale, a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe ke hoʻopilikia i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻikepili a me ka wehewehe ʻana.
Ka Hopena:
Hōʻike nā ʻano electromagnetic domain frequency i kahi mea hana ikaika i ke kahua o ka geophysics. ʻO ko lākou hiki ke nānā pono i ka subsurface, me ka holomua i nā ʻano hana multi-frequency, e hoʻolilo iā lākou i mea maʻalahi no nā ʻano noi like ʻole mai ka ʻimi ʻana i nā minerala a hiki i nā loiloi kaiapuni. Ke hoʻomau nei ka ʻenehana i ka ulu ʻana, ua manaʻo ʻia nā hoʻomaikaʻi hou aʻe i ka instrumentation a me ka hana ʻikepili, e hoʻonui ana i ka hiki ke hoʻohana a me ka pololei o nā ʻano hana FDEM ma nā ʻano noiʻi geophysical like ʻole.
