ʻO ka honua o Indonesia e pili ana i nā ʻāpana manawa
Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Indonesia ʻo ia ka ʻāina pae ʻāina nui loa o ka honua. He mau tausani kilomita kona lōʻihi mai ke komohana a i ka hikina, e hele ana ma ka equator, a ua hoʻopuni ʻia e ʻelua mau moana a me ʻelua mau ʻāina. ʻO kekahi o nā ala maʻalahi e hoʻomaopopo ai i ka ʻāina ākea o Indonesia ma o kona mau wahi manawa. ʻOi aku nā wahi manawa ma mua o nā uaki wale nō; hōʻike lākou i ka wahi honua, nā pilina ma waena o nā mokupuni, nā ʻano hana hoʻokele waiwai, a me nā dinamika pilikanaka. Ma ka nānā ʻana iā Indonesia ma o ke aniani o nā wahi manawa, hiki iā mākou ke loaʻa kahi ʻike kūpono o kona ʻano honua: mai nā mokupuni komohana kokoke i ka ʻāina nui ʻo ʻAsia a hiki i nā ʻāina hikina e kū pono ana i ka Pākīpika.
No ke aha he ʻekolu mau ʻāpana manawa ko Indonesia?
Hoʻoholo nui ʻia nā ʻāpana manawa e ka lōʻihi. Hoʻohuli ka Honua i 360° i loko o 24 mau hola, no laila, ʻo kēlā me kēia 15° o ka lōʻihi e hōʻike ana i kahi ʻokoʻa hoʻokahi hola. No ka mea, ua lōʻihi loa ʻo Indonesia mai ke komohana a i ka hikina, e hana kahi ʻāpana manawa hoʻokahi i kahi ʻokoʻa kūlohelohe ʻole o ke ao a me ka pō ma kekahi mau wahi. E noʻonoʻo inā hoʻohana ʻo Papua i ka uaki like me Aceh: hiki i ka lā ke piʻi "wikiwiki loa" ma ka hikina a i ʻole "lohi loa" ma ke komohana. No laila, hoʻohana ʻo Indonesia i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana manawa nui:
1. Wā Indonesia Komohana (WIB): UTC+7
2. Wa Waena Indonesia (WITA): UTC+8
3. Manawa Hikina o Indonesia (WIT): UTC+9
Hoʻohālikelike kēia mahele i nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā—ke kula, ka hana, ka halihali, a me nā hoʻolaha kīwī—me ke kūlana o ka lā ma kēlā me kēia wahi.
Wahi WIB (UTC+7): ʻO ke Komohana o Indonesia ma ke kikowaena o ka nui o ka heluna kanaka
ʻO Indonesia West Java (WIB) e uhi ana i ka ʻāina komohana loa a kokoke loa i ka ʻāina nui o Asia Hikina Hema. ʻO nā panalāʻau nui a me nā mokupuni i hoʻokomo ʻia i ka WIB e komo pū ana me Sumatra, Java, Madura, a me West a me Central Kalimantan. ʻO kēia ʻāina ka home o ka hapa nui o ka heluna kanaka o Indonesia, ʻoiai ʻo Java ke kikowaena o ke aupuni a me ka hoʻokele waiwai.
Ma ke ʻano he ʻāina, he nui nā ʻano koʻikoʻi o ka ʻāina WIB:
– Ke moe nei ʻo Sumatra mai Aceh a i Lampung, me nā mauna ʻo Bukit Barisan e lawelawe ana ma ke ʻano he iwi kuamoʻo o ka mokupuni. He nui nā wahi o Sumatra e kaena nei i nā ululāʻau ulu lāʻau wela, nā ʻāina peat, a me nā ʻāina haʻahaʻa ākea. ʻO ke Kai o Malacca ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o Sumatra e hoʻolilo i kēia ʻāina i mea koʻikoʻi ma ke ʻano he ala kālepa honua.
– Ua kaulana ʻo Java no kāna mau lua pele ola, e hana ana i ka lepo momona, e kākoʻo ana i ka mahiʻai nui. ʻO kona nui o ka heluna kanaka ua alakaʻi i ka wikiwiki o ke kūlanakauhale a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kūlanakauhale, ʻoiai ma Jakarta, Bandung, Semarang, Yogyakarta, a me Surabaya.
– Ua noho aliʻi ʻia ma ke Komohana a me ke Waena o Kalimantan e nā ululāʻau wela, nā muliwai nui, a me nā wahi ʻauwaʻa a me ka peat. ʻO nā muliwai e like me Kapuas lāua ʻo Barito e lawelawe ma ke ʻano he ala kaʻa kuʻuna a kākoʻo i ke ola o nā kaiāulu kuaʻāina.
Ma ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana manawa, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo WIB ma ke ʻano he "kuhikuhi aupuni" no ka mea aia ke kikowaena o ke aupuni ma Jakarta. Ua kākau ʻia nā papa manawa aupuni he nui ma WIB, a pono nā ʻāpana ma WITA/WIT e hoʻoponopono no ka ʻokoʻa manawa.
WITA Zone (UTC+8): ke alahaka honua o ke kikowaena o Indonesia
Hoʻopili ʻo WITA i ka ʻāina "waena" nui loa o Indonesia: Bali, West Nusa Tenggara, East Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi a pau, a me East Kalimantan, South Kalimantan, a me North Kalimantan. Ma ka ʻāina, he alahaka ka ʻāina WITA ma waena o "Indonesia Komohana Komohana" a me "Indonesia Hikina Hikina."
ʻIke maopopo ʻia ke ʻano honua o WITA ma o kekahi mau wahi nui:
– He ʻano mokupuni kūikawā ko Sulawe me kekahi mau ʻāina penikala. Hoʻokaʻawale nā mauna i nā ʻāpana he nui, e hana ana i nā ʻano like ʻole o ke aniau a me nā kaiaolaola kūloko. Ua kaulana nō hoʻi ʻo Sulawe no kāna mau waiwai kai—ʻo ke Kai Kūʻono ʻo Tomini, ke Kai Banda, a me ke Kai ʻo Makassar he mau wai koʻikoʻi no ka lawaiʻa a me ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā moku.
– Hōʻike ʻo Bali lāua ʻo Nusa Tenggara i kahi hoʻololi ʻana o ka ʻāina mai ka pulu a i ka maloʻo. He nui nā wahi o Nusa Tenggara (ʻoi aku hoʻi ʻo East Nusa Tenggara) e ʻike i nā kau maloʻo lōʻihi, e hoʻopilikia ana i nā ʻano mahiʻai a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wai. Eia nō naʻe, ʻike nui ʻia ka hiki ke mākaʻikaʻi—nā kahakai, ka moʻomeheu, a me nā paka aupuni.
– He nui nā waiwai kūlohelohe o Kalimantan Hikina, Hema, a me ʻĀkau, me ke kālai ʻeli ʻana a me nā ululāʻau. ʻO ko lākou wahi e kū pono ana i ke Kai ʻo Makassar e lilo ia i mea koʻikoʻi no ka pilina moana ma waena o Java a me Sulawesi.
No ka mea, hoʻokahi hola ma mua o ka WIB ka WITA, pono pinepine ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā hana hoʻokele waiwai a me ka halihali. ʻO nā mokulele mai Jakarta a i Makassar, no ka laʻana, pono ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka ʻokoʻa o ka manawa e pale aku ai i ka huikau e pili ana i nā manawa hōʻea.
WIT Zone (UTC+9): Hikina o Indonesia e kū pono ana i ka Pakipika
Uhi ʻo WIT i nā ʻāpana hikina loa o Indonesia: Maluku a me Papua (me West Papua a me nā panalāʻau o ka mokupuni ʻo Papua). Ma ke ʻano he ʻāina, ua kaulana kēia ʻāina no kona mau ʻāina kupaianaha, ka waiwai o nā ʻano like ʻole, a me nā mamao paʻakikī ma waena o nā mokupuni a me nā kūlanakauhale.
ʻO nā ʻano ʻāina o ka ʻāina ʻo WIT:
– Aia nā mokupuni he nui ma nā mokupuni ʻo Maluku, me ka mōʻaukala lōʻihi ma ke ʻano he "nā mokupuni ʻala." ʻO ke kūlana o ka pae ʻāina e hoʻolilo i ka halihali moana i mea koʻikoʻi. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā wai o Maluku kekahi o nā wahi biodiverse loa o ka honua.
– Ke kaena nei ʻo Papua i nā mauna kiʻekiʻe, me nā Mauna ʻo Jayawijaya, me kekahi mau piko i uhi ʻia i ka hau. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, he mau ʻāina haʻahaʻa a me nā wahi pulu hoʻi ma Papua ma ka hema. Hoʻopili kēia ʻano honua paʻakikī i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka heluna kanaka, ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pono hana, a me ke komo ʻana i nā lawelawe aupuni.
– Ma ke ʻano kūlana, ʻoi aku ka kokoke o ka ʻāina WIT i ka Pākīpika, a ma kekahi mau ʻano hoʻokele waiwai a me ka palekana, he mea nui ka kuhikuhi moana i ka hikina.
Me ka ʻokoʻa manawa o ʻelua hola ma mua o WIB (Manawa Komohana o Indonesia), ʻike pinepine nā wahi WIT i ka "social clock asynchronous" i ka wā e hahai ai i nā papahana aupuni e pili ana iā WIB. No ka laʻana, hiki i nā papahana kīwī aupuni ahiahi ke manaʻo ʻia ma hope o ke ahiahi no ka poʻe ma Papua ma mua o Jakarta.
Nā ʻāpana manawa ma ke ʻano he hōʻike o ka pilina a me ka hana hoʻokele waiwai
Hōʻike pū nā ʻāpana manawa ʻekolu i nā ʻano pili o Indonesia. Aia nā kikowaena waiwai nui he nui ma ka Manawa Komohana o Indonesia (Jakarta, Surabaya, a me Medan), ʻoiai ʻo ka Manawa Waena o Indonesia (WITA) he mau kikowaena koʻikoʻi e like me Makassar lāua ʻo Denpasar, a ke hoʻonui nei ka Manawa Hikina o Indonesia (WIT) me nā kūlanakauhale e like me Ambon, Sorong, a me Jayapura, a me nā wahi hana mining a me ka ʻaila a me ke kinoea ma kekahi mau wahi.
Hoʻopilikia nā ʻāpana manawa i nā mea e like me:
– Kālepa a me ka ʻoihana: koi nā hālāwai pūnaewele ma waena o nā ʻāpana i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana e noʻonoʻo ana i nā ʻokoʻa manawa.
– Ka halihali: pono e hoʻohana pono nā papa manawa o nā moku a me nā mokulele i ka ʻāpana manawa kūloko e pale aku ai i ka wehewehe hewa ʻana.
– Ka hoʻonaʻauao a me ka hoʻokele: nā hana aupuni (nā hoʻokolohua, nā koho, a i ʻole nā hoʻolaha) e hāpai pinepine i nā kūkākūkā e pili ana i ke kūpono o ka manawa no nā mea komo ma WIT.
– Ka nohona: ʻokoʻa ka manawa puka ʻana a me ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā, e hoʻopili ana i nā hana hana, ka hoʻomana a me nā hana mākeke.
Ke hoʻomaopopo ʻana iā Indonesia ma o nā uaki, ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā uaki ma o ka ʻāina
ʻO ka nānā ʻana iā Indonesia ma ka ʻāpana manawa e kōkua iā mākou e hoʻomaopopo ʻaʻole ʻo Indonesia he "mau mokupuni he nui" wale nō, akā he wahi ākea a papa hoʻi. Mai ka Western Indonesian Time (WIB) i noho nui ʻia e lawelawe ana ma ke ʻano he kikowaena hoʻomalu, a i ke kikowaena WITA (WITA) e lawelawe ana ma ke ʻano he kikowaena, a i ka WIT (WIT) waiwai nui a biodiverse, hōʻike kēlā me kēia ʻāpana manawa i kona wahi ʻāina like ʻole a me nā pilikia hoʻomohala.
ʻO ka mea hope loa, ʻo nā ʻāpana manawa kekahi o nā ala hiki ke ʻike ʻia i ka nui o Indonesia: e nānā wale i ka uaki, a ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻia mākou he ākea ka ʻāina, he ʻano like ʻole, a pono e hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia e hoʻomau i ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa, ʻoiai inā puka ka lā i nā manawa like ʻole.
