Nā hiʻohiʻona o nā collisions inelastic

5 mau laʻana o nā collisions inelastic

1. ʻO kahi pōkā me ke kaumaha o 30 grams e neʻe ana ma ka wikiwiki o 30 m/s e kuʻi ana i kahi poloka lāʻau me ke kaumaha o 1 kg e kū ana. E hoʻoholo i ka wikiwiki o ka poloka inā ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka pōkā i loko o ka poloka!
Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia :
Ka nui o ka pōkā (m₁) = 30 grams = 0,03 kg
Ka nuipa o ka poloka (m₂) = 1 kg
Ka wikiwiki mua o ka pōkā (v₁) = 30 m/s
Ka wikiwiki mua o ka poloka (v₂) = 0 (poloka paʻa)
Ua nīnau ʻia : ka wikiwiki o ka pōkā a me ka poloka ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana (v')
Pane :
Haʻilula ke kānāwai o ka mālama ʻana i ka momentum inā pili pū nā mea ʻelua ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana:
m₁ v₁ +m₂ v₂ = (m₁ +m₂) v'
(0,03)(30) + (1)(0) = (0,03 + 1) v'
0,9 + 0 = 1,03 v'
0,9 = 1,03 v'
v' = 0,9 / 1,03
v' = 0,87 m/s
ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka pōkā a me ka poloka ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana he 0,87 m/s.

2. He 2 kg ke kaumaha o nā mea A a me B a neʻe lāua kekahi i kekahi ma ka wikiwiki o v._A = 6 ms^-1 a me v_B = 4 ms^-1Inā ʻelua mau mea kuʻi ʻana inelastic piha, a laila ʻo ka wikiwiki o nā mea ʻelua ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana he...
Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia :
Ka nuipa o ka mea A (m_A) = 2 kg
Ka nuipa o ka mea B (m_B) = 2 kg
ʻO ka wikiwiki mua o ka mea A (v_A) = -6 m/s
Ka wikiwiki mua o ka mea B (v_B) = 4 m/s
Ua nīnau ʻia : ka wikiwiki o nā mea ʻelua ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana (v')
Pane :
m_A v_A +m_B v_B = (m_A' + m_B) v'
(2)(-6) + (2)(4) = (2 + 2) v'
-12 + 8 = 4 v'
-4 = 4 v'
v' = -4 / 4
v' = -1 m/s
ʻO ka wikiwiki o nā mea ʻelua ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana he 1 m/s.

3. ʻElua mau mea i loaʻa ka nuipa m₁ = 3 kg a me m₂ = 4 kg e neʻe ana ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe kekahi i kekahi ma ka wikiwiki v₁ = 10 m/s a me v₂ = 12 m/s. Kūʻē nā mea ʻelua a ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana ua pili pū lākou. ʻO ka wikiwiki o nā mea ʻelua ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana he…
Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia :
Ka nuipa o ka mea 1 (m₁) = 3 kg
Ka nuipa o ka mea 2 (m₂) = 4 kg
Ka wikiwiki o ka mea 1 (v₁) = -10 m/s
Ka wikiwiki o ka mea 2 (v₂) = 12 m/s
Ua nīnau ʻia : wikiwiki nā mea ʻelua ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana (v')
Pane :
m₁ v₁ +m₂ v₂ = (m₁' + m₂) v'
(3)(-10) + (4)(12) = (3 + 4) v'
-30 + 48 = 7 v'
18 = 7 v'
v' = 18 / 7
v' = 2,6 m/s
ʻO ka wikiwiki o nā mea ʻelua ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana he 2,6 m/s.

4. Ua pā ʻia kahi kaʻa sedan i kū ʻia e kahi kaʻa e neʻe ana ma ka wikiwiki o 36 km/hola. Ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana, ua kuʻi ka sedan a me ke kaʻa kekahi i kekahi. Inā he 2000 kg ke kaumaha o ke kaʻa a he 1000 kg ke kaumaha o ke sedan, he aha ka wikiwiki o nā kaʻa ʻelua ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana?

A. 3,45 m/s

B. 4,67 m/s

C. 5,45 m/s

D. 6,67 m/s

E. 7,67 m/s

Kūkākūkā:

Ua ʻike ʻia :

v kaʻa = 36 km/h = 36000 m/3600 s = 10 m/s

kaʻa m = 2000 kg

kaʻa sedan v = 0

kaʻa sedan m = 1000 kg

Ua nīnau ʻia :

ʻO ka wikiwiki o ke kaʻa sedan a me ke kaʻa ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana (v')?

Pane :

m₁ v₁ +m₂ v₂ = (m₁ +m₂) v'

(2000)(10) + (1000)(0) = (2000 + 1000) v'

20.000 = 3000 v'

v' = 20.000 / 3000 = 6,67 m/s

ʻO D ka pane pololei.

5. He pōkā 20 gram e neʻe ana ma ka wikiwiki o 100 m/s e kuʻi ana i kahi poloka lāʻau paʻa a paʻa i loko. Inā he 500 gram ke kaumaha o ka poloka lāʻau, he aha ka wikiwiki o ka poloka lāʻau a me ka pōkā ma hope koke iho o ke kuʻi ʻana?

A. 1,50 m/s

B. 2,55 m/s

C. 3,85 m/s

D. 4,75 m/s

E. 5,65 m/s

Kūkākūkā:

Ua ʻike ʻia :

m pōkā = 20 grams = 0,02 kg

v pōkā = 100 m/s

poloka m = 500 grams = 0,5 kg

poloka v = 0

Ua nīnau ʻia :

ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka pōkā a me ka poloka ma hope koke iho o ke kuʻi ʻana (v')?

Pane :

m₁ v₁ +m₂ v₂ = (m₁ +m₂) v'

(0,02)(100) + (0,5)(0) = (0,02 + 0,5) v'

2 + 0 = 0,52 v'

2 = 0,52 v'

v' = 2 / 0,52 = 3,85 m/s

ʻO C ka pane pololei.