Laʻana o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ke kānāwai mua o ka thermodynamics i kahi kaʻina hana isothermal (mahana mau)

5 mau hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ke kānāwai mua o ka thermodynamics i nā kaʻina hana isothermal (mahana mau)

1. Hōʻike ka pakuhi ma lalo nei i kahi kinoea kūpono e hele ana kaʻina hana isothermal (hoʻokokoke). ʻO ka hana i hana ʻia e ke kinoea ma ke kaʻina hana AB he…
Laʻana o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ke kānāwai mua o ka thermodynamics i kahi kaʻina hana isothermal mahana mau 1Pahana
Hana i hana ʻia = ka nui ma lalo o ke kiʻikuhi AB = ka nui o ka huinakolu + ka nui o ka huinahā
W = [½ (8 x 105–4 x 105)(3-1)] + [4 x 105 (3-1)]
W = [½ (4 x 105)(2)] + [4 x 105 (2)]
W = [4 x 10]5] + [8 x 105]
W = 12 x 105 Joule
ʻO ka hana i hana ʻia e ke kinoea ma ke kaʻina hana AB = 12 x 105 Joule

2. ʻO ka hana i hana ʻia e kahi kinoea kūpono ma ke kaʻina hana ABC ʻo ia…
Laʻana o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ke kānāwai mua o ka thermodynamics i kahi kaʻina hana isothermal mahana mau 3Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia :
Kaomi 1 (P1) = 10 x 105 M / m2
Kaomi 1 (P1) = 5 x 105 M / m2
Buke 1 (V1) = 10 lita = 10 dm3 = 10x10-3 m3
Buke 2 (V2) = 30 lita = 30 dm3 = 30 x 10-3 m3
Ua nīnau ʻia Hana i hana ʻia e ke kinoea ma ke kaʻina hana ABC
Pane :
I ke kaʻina hana BC, noho mau ka nui, no laila ʻaʻohe hana i hana ʻia e ke kinoea. Hana wale ke kinoea ma ke kaʻina hana AB no ka mea aia kahi loli i ka nui. No laila, ʻo ka hana i hana ʻia e ke kinoea ma ke kaʻina hana ABC = ka hana i hana ʻia e ke kinoea ma ke kaʻina hana AB.
Hana i hana ʻia e ke kinoea = ka nui ma lalo o ka piʻo AB = ka nui o ka huinakolu + ka nui o ka huinahā.
W = [½(10×105–5×105)(30-10)]+[5×105(30-10)]
W = [½ (5 x 105)(20)] + [5 x 105 (20)]
W = [(5 x 105)(10)] + [100 x 105]
W = [50 x 10]5]+ [100 x 105]
W = 150 x 105 Joule
W = 1,5 x 107 Joule

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3. Ke hana nei ke kinoea i kahi kaʻina hana isothermal. ʻO ka nui o ka wela e pono e omo ʻia no ke kinoea e hana i 5000 Joules o ka hana he…
Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia :
Hana (W) = 5000 Joules
Ua nīnau ʻia : Ka wela i omo ʻia (Q)
Pane :
ʻO ke kaʻina hana isothermal i ʻōlelo ʻia ma kēia nīnau he kaʻina hana thermodynamic kahi e mau ai ka mahana. Hōʻike ʻia ka pilina ma waena o ka mahana (T) a me ka loli o ka ikehu kūloko o kahi kinoea e ka hoohalike penei:
Laʻana o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ke kānāwai mua o ka thermodynamics i kahi kaʻina hana isothermal (mahana mau) - 3Inā paʻa ka mahana, a laila ʻo ka loli o ka mahana he ʻole. ʻO ka loli o ka mahana he ʻole, no laila, ʻo ka loli o ka ikehu kūloko he ʻole. ʻO ka hoʻopili ʻana i ke kānāwai mua o ka thermodynamics e hua mai i nā hopena aʻe.
Ke kānāwai mua o ka thermodynamics :
Laʻana o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ke kānāwai mua o ka thermodynamics i kahi kaʻina hana isothermal (mahana mau) - 4Inā ʻole ka loli o ka ikehu kūloko (U) a laila ua like ka wela (Q) i omo ʻia e ke kinoea me ka hana i hana ʻia e ke kinoea (W). Ke omo ke kinoea i ka wela, loaʻa i ke kinoea ka ikehu hou a hoʻohana ʻia kēia ikehu hou e ke kinoea e hana i ka hana.
No laila, ʻo ka wela i omo ʻia e ke kinoea = ka hana i hana ʻia e ke kinoea = 5000 Joules.

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4. Ua hōʻike ʻia ke kiʻi ma lalo nei no ke kaomi (P) e kūʻē i ka nui (V) o ke kinoea e hana ana i kahi kaʻina hana isothermal. ʻO ka nui o ka wela i omo ʻia e ke kinoea ma ke kaʻina hana AB…

Laʻana o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ke kānāwai mua o ka thermodynamics i kahi kaʻina hana isothermal (mahana mau) - 5Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia :
Kaomi 1 (P1) = 5 atm = 5 x 105 Pa
Kaomi 2 (P2) = 10 atm = 10 x 105 Pa
Buke 1 (V1) = 2 mika3
Buke 2 (V2) = 6 mika3
Ua nīnau ʻia : Ka wela (Q) i omo ʻia e ke kinoea ma ke kaʻina hana AB
Pane :
ʻO Isothermal = ka mahana mau. Inā mau ka mahana, ʻo ka loli o ka mahana he ʻole. Inā ʻo ka loli o ka mahana he ʻole, ʻo ka loli o ka ikehu kūloko he ʻole. Hōʻike ʻia ka pilina ma waena o ka loli o ka mahana a me ka loli o ka ikehu kūloko i loko o kahi kinoea e ka hoohalike penei:
Laʻana o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ke kānāwai mua o ka thermodynamics i kahi kaʻina hana isothermal (mahana mau) - 6Inā hoʻopili ʻia i ke kānāwai mua o ka thermodynamics, loaʻa nā hopena penei:
Laʻana o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ke kānāwai mua o ka thermodynamics i kahi kaʻina hana isothermal (mahana mau) - 7Inā ʻole ka loli o ka mahana, a laila ua like ka wela i omo ʻia e ke kinoea me ka hana i hana ʻia e ke kinoea. No ka ʻike ʻana i ka wela i omo ʻia e ke kinoea ma ke kaʻina hana AB, helu mākou i ka hana i hana ʻia e ke kinoea ma muli o ka pakuhi ma luna.
Hana i hana ʻia e ke kinoea = ka nui ma lalo o ka piʻo AB = ka nui o ka huinakolu + ka nui o ka huinahā.
W = ½ (P2 - P1)(V2 - V1) + P1(V2 - V1)
W = ½ (10 x 105 - 5 x 105)(6-2) + (5 x 105)(6-2)
W = ½ (5 x 105)(4) + (5 x 105)(4)
W = ½ (20 x 105) + (20 x 105)
W = (10 x 105) + (20 x 105)
W = 30 x 105 Joule
W = 30 atm
Ka wela (Q) i omo ʻia e ke kinoea ma ke kaʻina hana AB = ka hana i hana ʻia e ke kinoea ma ke kaʻina hana AB = 30 x 105 Joule = 30 mau lewa.

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5. I loko o ka thermodynamics, ke hele nei kahi kinoea kūpono i kahi kaʻina hana isothermal inā ...

A. nā loli i ke kūlana o ke kinoea, e mau ana ka mahana
B. neʻe nā molekala a pau i nā wikiwiki like ʻole
C. Hoʻololi mau nā kūlana kinoea āpau i ka mahana
D. ma luna ka wela ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wikiwiki o ka molekala
ʻAʻole loli ke kaomi a me ka nui o ke kinoea E.

Pahana

ʻO ka isothermal a i ʻole isothermic ke ʻano o ka mahana mau.
ʻO A ka pane pololei.

 

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