Nā nīnau hoʻohālike e pili ana i ka ikaika a me nā pae ikaika o ke kani

11 mau laʻana o nā nīnau ikaika a me ka pae Ka ikaika o ke kani

1. ʻO ka ikaika o ke kani he 1 x 10-9 W / m2He aha ka pae ikaika ma nā decibels (dB)?
Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia:
ʻO wau = 1 x 10-9 W / m2
Io = 1x10-12 W / m2
Nīnau: Pae Ikaika (dB)?
Pane:

Ka ikaika a me ka pae ikaika

2. ʻO ka pae ikaika o ke kani i loko o kahi lumi he 100 dB. He aha ka ikaika o ke kani i loko o ka lumi?
Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia:
TI = 100 dB
Io = 1x10-12 W / m2
Nīnau: Ka ikaika o ke kani (I) i loko o ka lumi?
Pane:

Ka pae ikaika a me ka ikaika 1

3. ʻElua mau nalu kani he ikaika o 1 x 10-5 W / m2 a me 1 x 10-4 W / m2ʻO ka ʻokoʻa o nā pae ikaika ma dB…
Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia:
I1 = 10-5 W / m2
I2 = 10-4 W / m2
Io = 10-12 W / m2
Nīnau: ʻOkoʻa ma ka pae ikaika (TI) ma dB?
Pane:
Ka pae ikaika a me ka ikaika 2ʻOkoʻa ma nā pae ikaika?
TI1 – ʻIkepili2 = 80 dB -70 dB = 10 dB

4. E hoʻoholo i ka lakio o ka ikaika o nā leo ʻelua nona nā pae ikaika he 10 dB a me 40 dB.
Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia:
TI1 = 10 dB
TI2 = 40 dB
Io = 10-12 W / m2
Nīnau ʻia: Hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka ikaika o nā leo ʻelua (I1 : i2)?
Pane:

ka ikaika a me ka pae ikaika 4Hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka ikaika o nā kumu kani ʻelua:
I1 : i2
10-11 : 10-8

5. ʻO ka pae ikaika o ke kani o hoʻokahi tausani mau ʻūlili like i kani pū ʻia he 60 dB. Inā kani pū ʻia he 10 mau ʻūlili like, lilo ka pae ikaika i….

  1. 40 dB
  2. 50 dB
  3. 60 dB
  4. 70 dB
  5. 90 dB

Pahana

Ua ʻike ʻia:
Nā ʻūlū TI 1000 = 60 dB
Ua nīnau ʻia: Pae ikaika 10 mau ʻūlū
Pane:

Ka pae ikaika o 1 whiowhio:
TI 1000 mau ʻūlili = TI hoʻokahi ʻūlili + 10 log x
60 = TI + 10 log 1000
60 = TI + 10 log 103
60 = TI + (3)(10)(log 10)
60 = TI + (3)(10)(1)
60 = TI + 30
TI = 60 – 30
TI = 30 dB
ʻO ka pae ikaika o hoʻokahi puhi he 30 dB.

Ka pae ikaika o 10 whiowhio:
TI 10 mau ʻūlili = TI hoʻokahi ʻūlili + 10 log x
Nā ʻūlū TI 10 = 30 + 10 log 10
Nā ʻūlū TI 10 = 30 + 10 log 101
Nā ʻūlū TI 10 = 30 + (1)(10)(log 10)
Nā ʻūlū TI 10 = 30 + (1)(10)(1)
Nā ʻūlū TI 10 = 30 + 10
Nā ʻūlū TI 10 = 40 dB
ʻO ka pae ikaika o 10 mau ʻūlili he 40 dB.
ʻO A ka pane pololei.

E HELUHELU HOʻI  ʻAlepa (α) Palaho

6. ʻO ka pae ikaika o ke kani o hoʻokahi haneli mau mīkini like i loko o kahi hale hana lole e hana like ana he 80 dB. Inā he 90 dB ka pae ikaika o ke kani o kekahi mau mīkini like ʻē aʻe, a laila ʻo ka helu o nā mīkini e hoʻohana ʻia ana i kēlā manawa….

  1. 1.000 hua
  2. 500 hua
  3. 100 hua
  4. 50 hua
  5. 10 hua

Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia:
Mīkini TI 100 = 80 dB
Ua nīnau ʻia: ka helu o nā mīkini me ka pae ikaika o 90 dB
Pane:
Pae ikaika o 1 mīkini:
Nā mīkini TI 100 = TI hoʻokahi mīkini + 10 log x
80 = TI + 10 log 100
80 = TI + 10 log 102
80 = TI + (2)(10)(log 10)
80 = TI + (2)(10)(1)
80 = TI + 20
TI = 80 – 20
TI = 60 dB
ʻO ka pae ikaika o hoʻokahi mīkini he 60 dB.

Helu o nā mīkini me ka pae ikaika o 90 dB:
TI x mīkini = TI hoʻokahi mīkini + 10 log x
90 = 60 + 10 log x
90 – 60 = 10 log x
30 = 10 log x
30 / 10 = log x
3 = log x
3 = log 1000

mōʻaukala 1000 = moʻolelo 103 = (3)(log 10) = (3)(1) = 3.

ʻO 1000 ka helu o nā mīkini me ka pae ikaika o 90 dB.
ʻO A ka pane pololei.

7. ʻO ka ikaika o ke kani ma ke kiko P he 3 m mai ke kumu kani he 10-4 watts/m2. He 300 m ka mamao o ke kiko R mai ke kumu kani. Inā ʻo ka ikaika paepae I0 = 10-12 watts/m2, a laila ʻo ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā pae ikaika ma nā kiko P a me R he…

A. 1 : 2
B. 2 : 1
K. 2 : 3
D. 2 : 4
E. 3 : 4

Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia :
Ka ikaika o ke kani ma ke kiko P (IP) = 10-4 W / m2
ʻO ka mamao o ke kiko P mai ke kumu kani (rP) = 3 mika
ʻO ka mamao o ke kiko R mai ke kumu kani (rR) = 300 mika
Ka ikaika o ka paepae (Io) = 10-12 Watt/m2
Ua nīnau ʻia Hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā pae ikaika ma nā wahi P a me R (TIP ʻIkepiliR)
Pane :

ʻO ke ʻano hana no ka pilina ma waena o ka ikaika a me ka mamao :
Ip rp2 =IR rR2
Ka ikaika o ke kani ma R :
(10-4)(32) = (ʻO wauR)(3002)
(10-4)(9) = (ʻO wauR)(90000)
9 m 10-4 = (ʻO wauR)(9 x 104)
IR = 9x10-4 : 9 x 10-4
IR = 10-8
ʻO ka ikaika o ke kani ma ke kiko R he 10-8 W / m2.
Pae ikaika ma P :
Nā nalu kani (ka ikaika a me nā pae ikaika kani) - Kūkākūkā o nā nīnau a me nā pane no ka hoʻokolohua aupuni SMA MA Physics 2013 - 1Pae ikaika ma R :
Nā nalu kani (ka ikaika a me nā pae ikaika kani) - Kūkākūkā o nā nīnau a me nā pane no ka hoʻokolohua aupuni SMA MA Physics 2013 - 2Hoʻohālikelike ʻana o TI ma nā kiko P a me R :
80 dB : 40 dB
2: 1
ʻO ka pane pololei ʻo B.

E HELUHELU HOʻI  Laʻana o ka hoʻopilikia a me ka diffraction o ka mālamalama - hoʻokahi slit

8. ʻO ka ikaika o ke kani ma ke kiko A he 1 mika mai ke kumu kani he 10-7 W / m2. He 100 mika ka mamao o ke kiko B mai ke kumu kani. Inā he 10 ka ikaika o ka paepae-12 W / m2, ʻo ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā pae ikaika ma A a me B he…

A. 5 : 3
B. 5 : 1
K. 4 : 5
D. 4 : 3
E. 3 : 1

Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia :
Ka ikaika o ke kani ma ke kiko A (IA) = 10-7 W / m2
ʻO ka mamao o ke kiko A mai ke kumu kani (rA) = 1 mika
ʻO ka mamao o ke kiko B mai ke kumu kani (rR) = 100 mika
Ka ikaika o ka paepae (Io) = 10-12 Watt/m2
Ua nīnau ʻia Hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā pae ikaika ma nā wahi A a me BA ʻIkepiliB)
Pane :
ʻO ke ʻano hana no ka pilina ma waena o ka ikaika a me ka mamao :
IA rA2 =IB rB2
Ka ikaika o ke kani ma ke kiko B :
(10-7)(12) = (ʻO wauB)(1002)
(10-7)(1) = (ʻO wauB)(10.000)
1 m 10-7 = (ʻO wauB)(1 x 104)
IB = 10-7 : 104
IB = 10-11
ʻO ka ikaika o ke kani ma ke kiko R he 10-11 W / m2.
Pae ikaika ma kahi A :
Nā nalu kani (ka ikaika a me nā pae ikaika kani) - Kūkākūkā o nā nīnau a me nā pane no ka hoʻokolohua aupuni SMA MA Physics 2013 - 3Pae ikaika ma kahi B :
Nā nalu kani (ka ikaika a me nā pae ikaika kani) - Kūkākūkā o nā nīnau a me nā pane no ka hoʻokolohua aupuni SMA MA Physics 2013 - 4Hoʻohālikelike o IT ma nā wahi A a me B :
50 dB : 10 dB
5: 1
ʻO ka pane pololei ʻo B.

9. He 800 m a me 400 m ka mamao o nā kiko A a me B mai ke kumu kani. Inā ma kahi A ʻoe e lohe ai i kahi kani me ka ikaika o 10-3 W / m2, a laila ʻo ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā pae ikaika o nā kiko A a me B ʻo ia… (log 2 = 0,3 a me Io = 10-12 W / m2)
A. 11 : 15
B. 15 : 11
K. 15 : 16
D. 16 : 11
E. 16 : 15
Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia :
Ka ikaika o ke kani ma ke kiko A (IA) = 10-3 W / m2
ʻO ka mamao o ke kiko A mai ke kumu kani (rA) = 800 mika
ʻO ka mamao o ke kiko B mai ke kumu kani (rB) = 400 mika
Ka ikaika o ka paepae (Io) = 10-12 Watt/m2
Log 2 = 0,3
Ua nīnau ʻia : Hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā pae ikaika ma nā wahi A a me B (TIA ʻIkepiliB)
Pane :
ʻO ke ʻano hana no ka pilina ma waena o ka ikaika a me ka mamao :
IA rA2 =IB rB2
Ka ikaika o ke kani ma ke kiko B :
(10-3)(8002) = (ʻO wauB)(4002)
(10-3)(640.000) = (ʻO wauB)(160.000)
(10-3)(64) = (ʻO wauB)(16)
(10-3)(4) = (ʻO wauB)(1)
IB = 4x10-3 : 1
IB = 4x10-3
ʻO ka ikaika o ke kani ma ke kiko B he 4 x 10-3 W / m2.
Pae ikaika ma kahi A :
Nā nalu kani (ka ikaika a me nā pae ikaika kani) - Kūkākūkā o nā nīnau a me nā pane no ka hoʻokolohua aupuni SMA MA Physics 2013 - 5Pae ikaika ma kahi B :
Nā nalu kani (ka ikaika a me nā pae ikaika kani) - Kūkākūkā o nā nīnau a me nā pane no ka hoʻokolohua aupuni SMA MA Physics 2013 - 6ʻO ka lakio TI ma nā kiko P a me R:
90 dB : 96 dB
15: 16
ʻO C ka pane pololei.

E HELUHELU HOʻI  Haʻilula wikiwiki awelika

 10. ʻO nā kiko A a me B he 3 mika a me 8 mika mai kahi kumu kani. Inā wauA a ʻo wauB ʻo kēlā me kēia ka ikaika o ke kani ma kahi A a me kahi B, a laila ʻo wauA : iB ʻo ia…
A. 3 : 2
B. 4 : 9
K. 9 : 4
D. 16 : 81
E. 64 : 9
Kūkākūkā:
Ua ʻike ʻia :
rA = 3 m, rB = 8 m
Ua nīnau ʻia :
IA : iB ?
Pane :
Ua like ka ikaika o ke kani me ka huinahā o ka mamao o kahi kiko mai ke kumu kani:
Ka ikaika o ke kani - 1ʻO ka pane pololei ʻo E.

11. ʻO ka mamao mai A a i ke kumu kani he 3/4 manawa o ka mamao mai B a i ke kumu kani. Inā ʻo ka ikaika o ke kani i lohe ʻia e A ʻo Io, a laila ʻo ka ikaika i lohe ʻia e B ʻo ia...
A. 1/3 Io
B. 2/3 Io
C. 3/4 Io
D. 9/4 Io
E. 9/16 Io
Kūkākūkā:
Ua ʻike ʻia :
rA = 3/4r, rB = r, ʻIA =Io
Ua nīnau ʻia :
IB =?
Pane :

laʻana o ka ikaika o ke kani o nā nīnau hoʻokolohua aupuni

ʻO ka pane pololei ʻo E.

Nā nīnau e pili ana i ka ikaika a me nā pae ikaika o ke kani

1. Ua kiola ʻia kahi pōpō i lalo mai kahi hale he nui nā papahele me ka wikiwiki mua o 4 m/s a hiki i ka honua ma hope o 3 kekona. He aha ka wikiwiki o ka pōpō i kona paʻi ʻana i ka honua?
Pane:
vt = 30m/s
2. Ua kiola ʻia kekahi pōhaku i loko o kahi luawai me ka wikiwiki mua o 12 m/s a paʻi i ka ʻili o ka wai o ka luawai ma hope o 3 kekona. Pehea ka hohonu o ka luawai?
Pane:
h = 55 mika
3. Mai kahi hale he 100 mika ke kiʻekiʻe, ua hoʻolei ʻia kahi pūʻolo i lalo me ka wikiwiki o 5 m/s. E hoʻoholo (a) ka manawa e hiki ai ka pūʻolo i ka honua (b) Ka wikiwiki o ka pūʻolo i ka wā e paʻi ai i ka honua
Pane:
(a) t = 4 kekona (b) vt = 45m/s

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