Pehea e lilo ai i mea ʻimi noiʻi loea
He ʻoihana hoihoi a hoʻohiwahiwa ka ʻeli ʻana i nā mea kahiko. Mai ka ʻeli ʻana i nā mea hana kahiko a hiki i ke kūkulu hou ʻana i nā moʻolelo mōʻaukala, loaʻa i nā mea ʻeli ʻana i nā mea pohihihi o ka wā i hala a hāʻawi i kahi ʻike hohonu o ka ulu ʻana o ke kanaka. Pono kēia ʻoihana i ka hoʻolaʻa, ka ʻike nui, a me nā mākau hana. Eia kahi alakaʻi ʻanuʻu e pili ana i ka pehea e lilo ai i mea ʻeli ʻeli ʻoihana.
1. Ke Hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke Ao o ka ʻAkeoloki:
ʻO ka ʻeli ʻana i nā mea kahiko ke aʻo ʻana i ke ola kanaka i hala ma o ka nānā ʻana i nā mea hana, nā hale, a me nā koena moʻomeheu ʻē aʻe i waiho ʻia. Pili ka hana ʻeli ʻana i ka noiʻi kahua, ka nānā ʻana i ka hale hana, a me ka wehewehe ʻana i nā hopena e hana i nā hana hou mōʻaukala . Hiki i nā mea ʻeli ʻana i nā mea kahiko ke hana ma nā ʻano like ʻole, me nā wahi prehistoric , nā kūlanakauhale kahiko, a me nā wahi moʻomeheu ʻē aʻe a puni ka honua.
2. Nā Kūpono Hoʻonaʻauao a me nā Hana Hoʻonaʻauao:
ʻO ka hana mua i kahi ʻoihana ma ka ʻeli ʻana o ka ʻāina, ʻo ia ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hoʻonaʻauao kūpono. He kumu maikaʻi ke kēkelē laepua ma ka ʻeli ʻana o ka ʻāina, ka anthropology, a i ʻole ka mōʻaukala. Hāʻawi nā kulanui he nui i kēia mau papahana me kahi loea i ka ʻeli ʻana o ka ʻāina. I ke kulanui, he mea nui e lawe i nā papa e uhi ana i nā ʻano noiʻi ʻeli ʻana o ka ʻāina, ke kumumanaʻo, a me nā ʻano hana kahua.
Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kēkelē laepua, nui nā mea kālaihonua e alualu i nā haʻawina puka. ʻO ke kēkelē laeoʻo a kauka paha (Ph.D.) ma ka kālaihonua a i ʻole ka anthropology ka mea maʻamau e pono ai no ka noiʻi kiʻekiʻe a me nā kūlana hoʻonaʻauao. Hāʻawi kēia mau papahana i nā manawa kūpono e ʻeli hohonu i nā kumuhana kikoʻī a hana i ka noiʻi kūʻokoʻa.
3. ʻIke Kahua:
He mea koʻikoʻi ka ʻike hana ma kahi ʻoihana ma ka ʻeli ʻana o nā mea kanu. Hāʻawi ka hapa nui o nā papahana ʻeli ʻana i nā manawa kūpono e komo ai i nā papahana noiʻi kahua ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka papa hana. I ka manawa pinepine, e hana nā haumāna ma nā wahi ʻeli ma lalo o ka nānā ʻana a nā polopeka a i ʻole nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.
Eia kekahi, ʻo ke komo ʻana i nā internship a i ʻole ka hana manawaleʻa ʻana ma nā hale hōʻikeʻike, nā ʻoihana noiʻi, a i ʻole nā papahana archaeological ʻē aʻe hiki ke hāʻawi i ka ʻike hou aku. Kōkua kēia ʻike i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mākau loea e like me nā ʻano hana ʻeli, ka nānā ʻana i nā mea hana, ka palapala ʻāina kahua, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lako hana hoʻokolohua.
4. Nā mākau loea a me ka loiloi:
Pono nā kānaka ʻeli honua i nā ʻano akamai like ʻole e holomua ai i kā lākou ʻoihana. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau mea:
– Nā ʻAno Hana ʻEli: Ke hoʻomaopopo ʻana pehea e ʻeli pono ai a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana e pale aku i ka hōʻino ʻana i nā mea hana a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kahua.
– Ka Nānā ʻana i nā Mea Hana Lima: Ke ʻike ʻana, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, a me ka nānā ʻana i nā mea hana lima e hoʻomaopopo ai i kā lākou hana a me ke ʻano moʻomeheu.
– Ke Kānana ʻana a me ka Palapala ʻĀina ʻana: Ke hoʻohana nei i nā ʻenehana palapala ʻāina e like me GPS, GIS, a me ka nānā ʻana o ka laser e hoʻopaʻa i nā wahi a me nā mea hana.
– Nā Mākau Noiʻi: Ke hana ʻana i ka noiʻi palapala, ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻikepili, a me ke kākau ʻana i nā hōʻike ʻepekema e pili ana i nā ʻike.
– Hana Pū: Ka hiki ke hana i loko o kahi hui i haku ʻia me nā mea kālaihonua ʻē aʻe, nā geologists, nā biologists, a me nā poʻe loea ʻē aʻe.
5. Hoʻomohala Pūnaewele ʻOihana:
He waiwai nui ka launa pū ʻana ma ka ʻoihana ʻeli honua. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana me nā hui ʻoihana e like me ka Society for American Archaeology (SAA), ka European Association of Archaeologists (EAA), a i ʻole nā hui like ʻē aʻe e hiki ke kōkua i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā pilina. ʻO ka hele ʻana i nā ʻaha kūkā, nā seminā, a me nā papa hana e hāʻawi pū i nā manawa kūpono e kaʻana like i ka noiʻi a loaʻa nā ʻike mai nā loea i ke kahua.
6. Hoʻopuka a me ka Hōʻike:
ʻO ka paʻi ʻana i nā hopena noiʻi ma nā puke pai ʻepekema he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ia o ka ʻoihana ʻeli honua. ʻAʻole wale kēia e kōkua i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka ʻike ma ke kahua akā kūkulu pū kekahi i kou kaulana ma ke ʻano he loea. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hōʻike ʻana i nā ʻike ma nā ʻaha kūkā a i ʻole nā hālāwai ʻepekema e kōkua i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka noiʻi a me ka launa pū ʻana me nā hoa hana.
7. Nā Hana a me ka Hoʻomohala ʻOihana:
Hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā ʻoihana ma ka ʻeli ʻana o ka ʻāina ma muli o ke akamai a me nā makemake o ke kanaka. Hana kekahi poʻe ʻeli ʻāina ma nā kulanui a i ʻole nā hale noiʻi, e hana ana i ka noiʻi a me ke aʻo ʻana. Hana kekahi ma nā hale hōʻikeʻike, e hoʻokele ana i nā hōʻiliʻili mea hana lima a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hōʻikeʻike. Hana kekahi ma ka ʻāpana aupuni, no ka laʻana, ma nā keʻena mālama hoʻoilina moʻomeheu a i ʻole nā hui kūkākūkā ʻeli ʻāina e loiloi ana i nā wahi ma mua o ke kūkulu ʻana i nā papahana nui e like me nā alanui a i ʻole nā hale.
Ma ke ʻano he loea e hoʻomaka wale ana, ua mākaukau wau e ʻae i nā kūlana pae komo a i ʻole nā ʻaelike pōkole ma nā papahana kahua a i ʻole nā papahana hoʻokolohua. Hāʻawi kēia i kahi manawa kūpono e hoʻomohala hou aku i koʻu mau mākau a hoʻokumu iaʻu iho i ke ao o ka ʻeli honua.
8. Nā Kūlana a me ka Hoʻokō:
Pono nā mea kālaihonua e pili pono i kahi code of ethics ʻoihana a me nā kānāwai a me nā lula e pili ana. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo a mahalo i nā ʻano moʻomeheu a me nā nohona o nā wahi a lākou e ʻimi ai. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka ʻeli ʻana ma nā wahi kanu a i ʻole nā wahi kapu e pono ai nā noʻonoʻo pono a me ka laulima pinepine ʻana me nā kaiāulu kūloko.
Nā Laʻana o nā Papahana ʻAkeoloki:
I mea e hāʻawi ai iā ʻoe i kahi manaʻo paʻa, eia kekahi mau ʻano papahana archaeological āu e hālāwai ai:
– ʻEli ʻana i ka wā kahiko: Ke noiʻi ʻana i nā wahi kanaka kahiko e hoʻomaopopo ai i ko lākou ola a me ka ʻenehana.
– ʻEkehonua Kuʻuna: Ke aʻo ʻana i nā lāhui kahiko e like me Helene, Roma, a i ʻole ʻAigupita ma o ka ʻeli ʻana i nā kūlanakauhale, nā luakini, a me nā kia hoʻomanaʻo.
– ʻIkehonua ma lalo o ke kai: Luʻu ʻana e ʻike i nā moku i pohō, nā mea hana i piholo, a me nā hale ma lalo o ka wai.
– ʻOihana ʻAna ʻĀina: Ke aʻo ʻana i nā koena o nā ʻoihana i hala e like me nā mines, nā hale hana, a me nā alahao e hoʻomaopopo i ka hoʻokahuli ʻoihana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻenehana.
– ʻO ka ʻEkelā ʻIke Kanaka: Ke hoʻohana nei i nā ʻano hana ʻekelā e kōkua i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā hihia kalaima a i ʻole e ʻike i nā koena kanaka i loko o ke ʻano o nā noiʻi kānāwai.
Ka hopena:
ʻO ka lilo ʻana i mea kālaihonua ʻoihana e pono ai ka hoʻokō lōʻihi a me ka hoʻolaʻa ʻana i ke aʻo ʻana a me ka ʻimi ʻana i ka wā i hala. Me ka hui pū ʻana o ka hoʻonaʻauao ikaika, ka ʻike kahua ākea, nā mākau loea, a me kahi manaʻo ikaika o nā loina, hiki iā ʻoe ke kūkulu i kahi ʻoihana uku maikaʻi ma kēia kahua. E like me nā ʻano aʻo ʻē aʻe, ke ulu mau nei ka ʻelihonua me nā ʻenehana hou a me nā ʻano hana, e lilo ana i mea nui e aʻo mau a hoʻololi i nā hoʻomohala hou loa. Me ka ʻuhane o ka huakaʻi a me ka hoihoi paʻa ʻole, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻeli hohonu a lawe mai i ka ʻike hou e pili ana i ka mōʻaukala kanaka i ka honua.
