Misalai 8 na tambayoyin madubi mai lanƙwasa
1. Zane-zanen hoto daidai akan madubi mai lanƙwasa yana samuwa a cikin...
Tattaunawa
Hoton madubi mai lanƙwasa daidai yana cikin amsar B. Don fayyace fahimtarka, kula da bayanin da ke ƙasa.
Idan nisan abu ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da tsawon madubin da ke da siffar lanƙwasa, samuwar hoton zai bayyana kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa.
Idan abin yana tsakanin wurin da aka fi mayar da hankali da kuma tsakiyar lanƙwasa na madubin mai lanƙwasa, samuwar hoton yana kama da hoton da ke ƙasa.
Idan nisan abin ya fi radius na lanƙwasa (R) na madubin mai lanƙwasa, samuwar hoton zai bayyana kamar yadda yake a hoton da ke ƙasa.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce B.
2. An nuna daidai misalin samuwar hoton wani abu a gaban madubi mai lanƙwasa a cikin hoton...
Tattaunawa
Idan nisan abu ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da tsawon madubin da ke da siffar lanƙwasa, samuwar hoton zai bayyana kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa.
Idan abin yana tsakanin wurin da aka fi mayar da hankali da kuma tsakiyar lanƙwasa na madubin mai lanƙwasa, samuwar hoton yana kama da hoton da ke ƙasa.
Idan nisan abin ya fi radius na lanƙwasa (R) na madubin mai lanƙwasa, samuwar hoton zai bayyana kamar yadda yake a hoton da ke ƙasa.
Amsar A ba daidai ba ce domin hasken da aka nuna ba zai iya ratsa tsakiyar lanƙwasa madubin ba (M).
Amsar B ba daidai ba ce domin hasken da aka nuna baya haɗuwa a ƙarshen abin.
Amsar C ba daidai ba ce domin hasken da aka nuna baya haɗuwa a ƙarshen abin.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce D.
3. Hoton da ya dace na haskoki na musamman a kan madubi mai lanƙwasa a ƙasa shine...
Tattaunawa
Dole ne hasken da ya faru ko kuma hasken da aka nuna ya ratsa ta wurin da aka fi mayar da hankali a kai.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce B.
5. Kalli hoton madubin da ke ƙasa!
Yanayin hoton da madubi ya ƙirƙira shine...
A. na gaske, raguwa kuma a tsaye
B. na gaske, an faɗaɗa kuma a miƙe
C. ainihin, raguwa da juyawa
D. na gaske, an ƙawata shi kuma an juya shi
Tattaunawa
Yanayin inuwar gaskiya ne, an rage ta kuma an juya ta.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce C.
5. An sanya wani abu mai tsayin santimita 10 a gaban madubi mai lanƙwasa wanda tsayin daka na santimita 15 ne. A tantance:
A. Nisa tsakanin inuwar?
B. Inuwar ta kai tsawon inuwar?
C. Menene halayen inuwar?
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Tsawon abu (h) = 1 cm
Nisa (s) na abu = 10 cm
Tsawon madubi mai lanƙwasa (f) = 15 cm
Amsa:
A. Nisa ta hoto (s')
1/f = 1/s + 1/s'
1/s' = 1/f – 1/s = 1/15 – 1/10 = 2/30 – 3/30 = -1/30
s' = -30/1 = -30 cm
Alamar da ba ta dace ba ta nuna nisan inuwar yana nufin cewa inuwar tana kama-da-wane.
B. Tsayin inuwar (h')
Kafin a lissafa tsayin inuwar, da farko a ƙididdige girman inuwar.
Ƙara girman hoto (M):
M = -s'/s = h'/h
M = -(-30)/10 = 30/10 = 3
An ƙara girman hoton sau 3.
Tsawon inuwar (h'):
M = h' / h
3 = h' / 1 cm
h' = 3 (1 cm)
h' = 3 cm
Tsayin inuwar shine santimita 3. Tsayin inuwar mai kyau yana nufin inuwar a tsaye take.
C. Halayen inuwa
Dangane da sakamakon lissafin da ke sama, za a iya kammala da cewa halayen inuwa sune:
Maya, a tsaye kuma an ɗaukaka ta
6. A cikin fitilar lantarki, ana sanya ƙaramin kwan fitila a wurin madubi mai lanƙwasa. Wannan yana nufin hasken da ke haskakawa ya kasance….
A. taruwa a wani lokaci
B. a layi ɗaya da wuri mai nisa
C. yaɗuwa a duk hanyoyi
D. yana samar da ainihin hoto mai raguwa
Tattaunawa
Idan kwan fitila yana kan mahadar madubi mai siffar ƙwallo, hasken da ke fitowa daga kwan fitilar ya bugi saman madubin mai siffar ƙwallo sannan ya nuna ta fuskar madubin mai siffar ƙwallo. Alkiblar hasken da ke fitowa yana daidai da babban madaurin mai siffar ƙwallo.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce B.
7. An sanya wani abu a gaban madubi kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton. Girman hoton da aka yi shine…..
A. Sau 3
B. Sau 2
C. Sau 1
D. Sau 1/2
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Nisa (s) na abu = 60 cm
Tsawon maƙasudi (f) = 20 cm
A sama akwai hoton madubi mai siffar ƙwallo. Ma'aunin madubi mai siffar ƙwallo shine inda haske ke ratsawa, don haka tsawon madubin mai siffar ƙwallo yana da kyau.
Tambaya: Girman hoton (M)
Amsa:
Da farko a ƙididdige nisan hoton (s'), sannan a ƙididdige girman hoton (M) ta amfani da nisan hoton da aka samu.
Nisa tsakanin inuwa:
1/f = 1/s + 1/s'
1/s' = 1/f – 1/s = 1/20 cm – 1/60 cm = 3/60 cm – 1/60 cm = 2/60 cm
s' = 60/2 cm = 30 cm
Ƙara girman hoto (M):
M = s'/s = 30 cm / 60 cm = 1/2 sau
Amsar da ta dace ita ce D.
8. Hoton da ke ƙasa yana nuna samuwar hoto idan an sanya wani abu a nisan santimita 6 a gaban madubi mai lanƙwasa. Idan aka canza abin daga matsayinsa na asali zuwa santimita 1 daga madubin, to nisan hoton daga madubin shine…..
A. 2,5 cm
B. 4,0 cm
C. 7,0 cm
D. 9,3 cm
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Nisa (s) na abu = 6 cm
Nisa tsakanin inuwar (s') = 12 cm
Nisa tsakanin abu da kuma nisan hoton yana da kyau domin suna da gaske ko kuma hasken haske ne ke ratsa su.
Tambaya: Idan nisan abin(s) = 7 cm, to nisan hoton(s) shine…..
Amsa:
Da farko, ƙididdige tsawon madaurin mai lanƙwasa ta amfani da bayanan nisan abu da kuma bayanan nisan hoto da ke sama.
1/f = 1/s + 1/s' = 1/6 + 1/12 = 2/12 + 1/12 = 3/12
f = 12/3 = 4 cm
Tsawon madubin da ke da siffar kusurwa yana da kyau saboda ana iya wuce wurin madubin da ke da siffar kusurwa ta hanyar hasken haske ko kuma ainihinsa ne.
Idan nisan abin shine 7 cm to nisan hoton shine:
1/s' = 1/f – 1/s = 1/4 – 1/7 = 7/28 – 4/28 = 3/28
s' = 28/3 = 9,3 cm
Amsar da ta dace ita ce D.
