Kafin ka samo dabarar madubi mai lanƙwasa, da farko ka fahimci wasu ƙa'idodi na alamun madubi mai lanƙwasa.
Dokokin Alamar Madubin Concave
- Nisa (s) na abu
Idan wani abu yana gaban madubi wanda ke nuna haske to Nisa tsakanin abu da abu (S) yana da kyau.
- Nisa tsakanin hotuna (s)
Idan inuwar tana gaban madubi wanda ke nuna haske, inda hasken ke ratsawa ta cikin inuwar, to Nisa tsakanin inuwa da inuwa (s') yana da kyau (hoto na gaske). Idan hoton yana bayan saman madubi wanda ke nuna haske, inda haske bai ratsa ta cikin hoton ba, to Nisa tsakanin inuwa da inuwa yana da kyau (hoton kama-da-wane).
- Radius na lanƙwasa (R)
Tsakiyar lanƙwasa ta madubi mai siffar ƙwallo tana gaban saman madubi mai haske, don haka radius na lanƙwasa ta madubi mai siffar ƙwallo yana da kyau. Idan radius na lanƙwasa ya kasance tabbatacce, tsayin mai da hankali (f) shi ma yana da kyau.
- Tsawon abu (h)
Idan abin yana sama da babban madaurin madubi mai lanƙwasa to tsayin abu (h) yana da kyau (abu a tsaye). Akasin haka, idan abin yana ƙasa da babban madaurin madubi mai lanƙwasa to tsayin abin negative (abin da aka juya).
- Tsawon inuwar (h')
Idan hoton yana sama da babban madaurin madubi mai siffar ƙwallo, to tsayin hoton (h') yana da kyau (hoton yana tsaye). Idan hoton yana ƙasa da babban madaurin madubi mai siffar ƙwallo, tsayin hoton yana da kyau (hoton an juya shi).
- Girman hoto (m)
Idan girman hoton ya fi girma fiye da girman abu. Idan girman hoton ya fi girma kamar girman abu. Idan girman hoton ya fi girma kamar girman abu. Idan girman hoton ya fi girma kamar girman abu. Idan girman hoton ya fi girma kamar girman abu.
Tsarin Madubi Mai Juyawa
Duba hoton da ke ƙasa. Akwai haske guda biyu da aka zana a kan madubi mai siffar ƙwallo, sannan hasken ya haskaka ta madubi mai siffar ƙwallo. 
Taken rubutu:
s = nisan abu, s' = nisan hoto, h = P P' = tsayin abu, h' = Q Q' = tsayin hoto, F = wurin mayar da hankali na madubin mai lanƙwasa.
Hoton da ke sama yana nuna hasken guda biyu, wato P'BFQ' da P'AQ'. Hasken P'AQ' yana bin dokar haske, don haka alwatika P'AP yayi kama da Q'AQ. Saboda haka:
A cikin hasken P'BFQ', alwatika BFA yayi kama da QFQ' inda nisan AB = tsayin abu (h) da nisan FA = tsayin mai da hankali (f) na madubin mai lanƙwasa. Saboda haka:
Gefen hagu da dama na lissafi 1 da 2 daidai suke, saboda haka gefunan dama suna daidaitacce:
A ninka ɓangarorin biyu na lissafin da s':
Bayanin dabara:
s = nisan abu (tabbatacce idan abu yana gaban saman madubi mai lanƙwasa wanda ke nuna haske)
s' = nisan hoto (tabbatacce idan hoton abin yana gaban saman madubi mai lanƙwasa wanda ke nuna haske ko kuma hoton gaskiya ne)
f = tsawon mai da hankali (tabbatacce idan wurin mai da hankali na madubin mai da hankali yana gaban saman madubin mai da hankali wanda ke nuna haske)
Kullum ku tuna da ƙa'idar alamar madubi mai lanƙwasa lokacin amfani da wannan dabarar don magance matsalolin madubi mai lanƙwasa.
Girman Hoto (m)
Ka lura da hoton samuwar inuwar abin a sama. Alwatika PAP' da QAQ' iri ɗaya ne, don haka za mu iya gano alaƙar da ke tsakanin nisan abu da nisan inuwa tare da tsayin abu da tsayin inuwa:
Bayani:
h = tsayin abin (mai kyau idan abin yana sama da babban madauri mai lanƙwasa ko abu mai tsayi. Mara kyau idan abin yana juyewa)
h' = tsayin hoto (mai kyau idan hoton yana sama da babban madauri mai lanƙwasa ko hoton da ke tsaye. Mara kyau idan hoton ya juya)
s = nisan abu (tabbatacce idan abin ya wuce ta hanyar hasken da ya faru)
s' = nisan hoto (tabbatacce idan hoton ya wuce ta hanyar hasken haske ko ainihin hoto. Mara kyau idan hoton bai wuce ta hanyar hasken haske ko hoton kama-da-wane ba)
Za a iya sake rubuta dabarar da ke sama kamar haka a ƙasa ta hanyar ƙara alamar m:
Bayani:
m = girman hoton
Tambayoyi Misali Game da Madubin Concave
Pelajari misali na madubi mai siffar ƙwallo domin ku fahimci yadda ake amfani da dabarar madubi mai lanƙwasa.
1. Yaro yana tsaye a gaban madubi mai lanƙwasa don hoton da aka yi ya kasance a tsaye kuma ya ninka girman yaron sau biyu. Idan lanƙwasa madubin ya kai mita 3,00, to nisan da ke tsakanin yaron da madubin shine…
A. 0,75 m
B. 1,50 m
C. mita 2,25
D. 3,00 m
E. 4,50 m
Tattaunawa
An sani:
Girman hoto (M) = 2
Tsawon maƙasudi (f) = 1/2 R = 1/2 (3) = mita 1,5
An tambaya: nisan mutane
Amsa:
A cikin madubi mai siffar ƙwallo, idan hoton ya miƙe, nisan hoton yana da ma'ana mara kyau , ma'ana hoton yana kama da na kama-da-wane ko kuma hoton yana bayan madubin mai siffar ƙwallo inda hasken bai ratsa ta cikin hoton ba.
Tsarin ƙara girman inuwa:
M = -s'/s
2 = -s'/s
s' = -2 s
Lissafa nisan mutane:
1/s + 1/-s' = 1/1,5
1/s + 1/-2s = 1/1,5
2/2 – 1/2 = 1/1,5
1/2s = 1/1,5
2s = (1,5)(1)
2s = 1,5
s = 1,5/2
s = mita 0,75
Amsar da ta dace ita ce A.
Tushen tambaya:
Tambayoyin Kimiyyar Kimiyyar SBMPTN
