Labarin game da Tushen ƙarfin lantarki emf juriya ta ciki Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na ƙarshe
Wutar lantarki tana gudana a cikin da'irar rufewa, daga babban ƙarfin lantarki zuwa ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki. Lokacin da wutar lantarki ke motsawa ta cikin wani ɓangare na juriyar lantarki, akwai raguwar kuzarin wutar lantarki saboda ana amfani da makamashin lantarki akan wannan juriya. Domin wutar lantarki ta ci gaba da gudana daga babban ƙarfin lantarki zuwa ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki,
dole ne akwai na'ura don ƙara ƙarfin lantarki, kayan aikin ƙarfin lantarki ne (emf) ko kuma wanda aka fi sani da tushen ƙarfin lantarki. Emf ko tushen ƙarfin lantarki wani ɓangare ne wanda ke canza wani nau'in makamashi zuwa makamashin lantarki, kamar batura, ƙwayoyin hasken rana, ko janareton wutar lantarki.
Tushen ƙarfin lantarki (emf)
Siffar da ke gefenta misali ne mai sauƙi na da'irar rufewa wadda ke da emf (ε) da juriya (R). Layuka masu tsayi a tsaye a tushen emf suna wakiltar babban ƙarfin aiki, yayin da gajerun layukan tsaye suna wakiltar ƙarancin ƙarfin aiki. Cajin wutar lantarki yana motsawa daga babban ƙarfin aiki zuwa ƙaramin ƙarfin aiki. Cajin wutar lantarki da ke motsawa a cikin wani takamaiman lokaci ana kiransa wutar lantarki, inda ake nuna alkiblar wutar lantarki ta hanyar kibiya.
Idan yana da babban ƙarfin lantarki, cajin yana da ƙarfin lantarki. Ƙarfin lantarki yana raguwa lokacin da cajin lantarki ya wuce resistor. Lokacin da cajin lantarki ya motsa a cikin tushen emf daga ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki zuwa babban ƙarfin lantarki, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙaruwa.
Juriya na ciki
Lokacin da cajin lantarki ya motsa a cikin tushen emf, cajin yana fuskantar juriya. Asalin tushen lantarki a rayuwa yawanci yana da juriya ta ciki, wanda alamar r ke bayyanawa. Lokacin da cajin lantarki ke gudana ta cikin juriya ta ciki (r), akwai raguwar kuzarin wutar lantarki.
Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na ƙarshe
Wutar lantarki ta ƙarshe (V) ita ce ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙarfi da tushen ƙarfin lantarki ko tushen emf ke samarwa. A lissafi, an bayyana ta hanyar lissafi:
V = ε – I r
V = Ƙarfin wutar lantarki, ε = emf, I = wutar lantarki, r = juriya ta ciki.
Idan batirin Volt 12 yana da juriya na 0.2 Ω to lokacin da 2 A ke gudana daga baturin, ƙarfin wutar lantarki na ƙarshe shine 12 – (0.2) (2) = 12 – 0.4 = 11.6 Volt.
Idan babu wutar lantarki da ke gudana daga batirin, ƙimar ƙarfin wutar lantarki ta ƙarshe = emf. A ce emf = Volts 12, to wutar lantarki ta ƙarshe = Volts 12. Idan akwai wutar lantarki da ke gudana daga tushen emf, wutar lantarki ta ƙarshe ta fi emf ƙanƙanta.
Emf shine ƙarfin lantarki da aka lissafa misali akan batirin, yayin da ƙarfin lantarki na ƙarshe shine ainihin ƙarfin lantarki ko ainihin bambancin yuwuwar, inda ƙimar ke shafar wutar lantarki da ke gudana a cikin batirin.
