1. Idon da aka saba gani yana da nisa mai nisa na rashin iyaka. Tsawon mai da hankali na ruwan tabarau na ido shine 2.5 cm. Kayyade (a) nisan hoton (b) ƙarfin ruwan tabarau.
An sani:
Tsawon ruwan tabarau na ido (f) = nisan da ke tsakanin cornea da retina = +2.5 cm ( Alamar ƙarin tana nuna ruwan tabarau mai haɗuwa ).
Nisa tsakanin abu ( d o ) = rashin iyaka
Ana so : nisan hoton ( d i )
Magani:
(a) nisan hoton
1/f = 1/ d o + 1/ d i
f = tsawon mai da hankali , d o = nisan abu , d i = nisan hoton
1/ d i = 1/f – 1/ d o = 1 / 2.5 – 1 / ~ = 1 / 2.5 – 0
1/ d i = 1 / 2.5
d i = 2.5 cm = mita 0.025
Idan nisan abu mara iyaka ne, nisan hoton (d i ) = tsawon mai da hankali (f)
(b) ƙarfin ruwan tabarau
P = 1/f = 1/0.025 m = 40 A cikin zaɓuɓɓuka
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2. Idon da aka saba gani yana da kusan santimita 25. Nisa tsakanin hoton daidai yake da nisan da ke tsakanin cornea da retina = santimita 2.5. Kayyade (a) tsawon mai da hankali (b) ƙarfin ruwan tabarau
An sani:
Nisa tsakanin abu ( d o ) = 25 cm
Nisa tsakanin hoton ( d i ) = 2.5 cm
Magani:
(a) tsawon mai da hankali (f)
1/f = 1/ d o + 1/ d i
1/f = 1/25 + 1/2,5 = 1/25 + 10/25 = 11/25
f = 2.27 cm = 0.0227 m
Alamar da aka ƙara tana nuna ruwan tabarau mai haɗuwa.
(b) ƙarfin ruwan tabarau (P)
P = 1/f = 1/0.0227 = 44 A cikin zaɓuɓɓuka
3. Ɗaya daga cikin kayan aikin gani shine idanun ɗan adam . Ka tantance halayen hoton da idanun ɗan adam ke samarwa…
A. Na gaske, a tsaye
B. Na gaske, an juya
C. Na gani, a tsaye
D. Na gani, an juya
Magani
Kusa da ido na yau da kullun shine 25 cm. Kusa da ido shine wurin da yake kusa da ido inda aka mayar da abu daidai akan retina a cikakkiyar wurin. Diamita na idon ɗan adam bai wuce 25 cm ba don haka tsawon ido na ido shima bai wuce 25 cm ba. Don haka, nisan abu (d) dole ne ya fi tsayin ido na ido (f) girma.
Ruwan tabarau na ido ruwan tabarau ne mai siffar convex. Saboda haka hoton da ruwan tabarau na ido ya samar yana da halaye iri ɗaya da hoton da ruwan tabarau mai siffar convex ya samar. Halayen hoton da ruwan tabarau na ido ya samar lokacin da nisan abu (s) ya fi tsayin mai da hankali (f):
na gaske, juye, ƙarami
Ya kamata a mayar da hankali kan hoton retina domin retina tana mayar da raƙuman haske zuwa siginar lantarki da ake aikawa zuwa kwakwalwa. Duk da cewa hoton an juya shi, kwakwalwar ɗan adam tana juya shi a tsaye don abubuwan da ido ke gani su kasance a tsaye.
Idan ka ga itace daga nesa, itacen yana kama da ƙarami fiye da girmansa na ainihi. Wannan ya yi daidai da halayen hoton da aka rage.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce A.
4. Ido zai iya ganin abu idan hoton ya mayar da hankali kan retina inda halayen hoton suke…
A. Na gani, a tsaye, mafi girma
B. Na gani, an juya, ƙarami
C. Na gaske, juye, ƙarami
D. Na gaske, a tsaye, ƙarami
Magani
– Ruwan tabarau na ido ruwan tabarau ne mai siffar convex, saboda haka, halayen hoton da ruwan tabarau na ido ya samar suna kama da halayen hoton da ruwan tabarau na convex ya samar.
– Kusa da ido na yau da kullun ko kuma mafi kusancin da idanu za su iya gani a sarari shine 25 cm. Ƙwallon ido ƙanƙanta ne har radius na lanƙwasa da tsawon mai da hankali na ruwan tabarau na ido sun fi ƙasa da 25 cm. Don haka za a iya kammala da cewa nisan abu ya fi tsayin mai da hankali.
– Idan nisan abu ya fi tsayin daka mai zurfi, to halayen hoton da idon ɗan adam ya samar a retina na gaske ne, an juya shi, kuma ƙanana ne. Duk da cewa hoton an juya shi, kwakwalwa tana juya shi a tsaye yayin da muke fuskantar sa.
Madaidaicin amsar ita ce C.
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