Koyarwar Asali ta Fizik

Labari game da ruwan tabarau masu canzawa (convex)

Ma'anar ruwan tabarau mai lanƙwasa

Wani nau'in ruwan tabarau da ake amfani da shi a rayuwar yau da kullum shine ruwan tabarau mai siffar convex. Ruwan tabarau mai siffar convex ruwan tabarau ne mai kauri tsakiya yayin da gefuna suka yi siriri. Ruwan tabarau mai siffar convex yawanci suna da zagaye kuma an yi su da gilashi don haka ruwan tabarau yana da ma'aunin refractive sama da ma'aunin refractive na iska.

Nau'ikan ruwan tabarau masu convex

Gabaɗaya, akwai nau'ikan ruwan tabarau masu siffar convex guda uku, waɗanda siffar ruwan tabarau masu siffar convex take kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa (duba gefe).

Karin bayani

Labari game da Halayen hoto da aka ƙirƙira ta hanyar ruwan tabarau masu bambanta

Nisa tsakanin abu da na'urar ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da tsawon mai da hankali na ruwan tabarau mai lanƙwasa (yi > f)

Dangane da lissafin samuwar hoton ta hanyar ruwan tabarau mai lanƙwasa, za a iya kammala da cewa idan nisan abu (yi) ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da tsawon mai da hankali (f), to halayen hoton sune:

- Ma'anar kama-da-wane ita ce hasken haske ba ya ratsa hoton

- Tsaye

Karin bayani

Labari game da Daidaito na ruwan tabarau masu bambanta (concave)

Kafin a samar da lissafin ruwan tabarau mai siffar concave, da farko an fahimci ƙa'idodin alamun ruwan tabarau mai siffar concave.

Dokokin alamar ruwan tabarau mai lanƙwasa

Ga ƙa'idodin alamun ruwan tabarau mai lanƙwasa.

– Nisa tsakanin abu (yi)

Idan abin yana gefen ruwan tabarau daidai yake da alkiblar hasken, to nisan abin yana da kyau.

Karin bayani

Labari game da ƙirƙirar hoto ta hanyar ruwan tabarau mai bambanta (ruwan tabarau mai concave)

Domin fahimtar yadda hoton yake samuwa ta hanyar ruwan tabarau mai siffar ƙwallo, duba misalin da ke ƙasa: Matsaloli da mafita. A wannan yanayin, ana ɗauka cewa abin yana da nisa daga ruwan tabarau mai siffar ƙwallo,

sannan a zana siffar hoton ta hanyar ruwan tabarau mai siffar concave, nisan hoton daga ruwan tabarau mai siffar concave da kuma girman hoton ta hanyar ruwan tabarau mai siffar concave.

Tsawon ruwan tabarau mai lanƙwasa (ruwan tabarau masu nutsewa) shine 20 cm. Abubuwan da tsayinsu ya kai 10 cm suna gefen hagu na ruwan tabarau. A ƙayyade nisan hoton, girman hoton da tsayin hoton, idan:

Karin bayani

Labari game da zane-zanen Ray don ruwan tabarau masu bambanta (concave)

Idan wani abu yana gefe ɗaya na ruwan tabarau mai siffar ƙwallo, ruwan tabarau mai siffar ƙwallo zai iya samar da hoton abin. Idan an san matsayin abin a gefe ɗaya na ruwan tabarau mai siffar ƙwallo, ta yaya za a zana siffar abin? A ce wani abu yana gefen hagu na ruwan tabarau mai siffar ƙwallo, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa.

Layin lemu = ruwan tabarau mai kauri

Layin shuɗi = babban ma'aunin

Kibiya (kore) = abu

F ₁ = tsawon mai da hankali 1 da F ₂ = tsawon mai da hankali 2

Karin bayani

Labari game da ruwan tabarau masu jujjuyawa (concave)

Ma'anar ruwan tabarau masu lanƙwasa

Wani nau'in ruwan tabarau da ake amfani da shi a rayuwar yau da kullum shine ruwan tabarau mai siffar ƙwallo. Ruwan tabarau mai siffar ƙwallo shine ruwan tabarau mai sirara a tsakiya yayin da gefuna masu kauri. Ruwan tabarau masu siffar ƙwallo yawanci suna da zagaye, kodayake akwai ruwan tabarau waɗanda ba su da zagaye. Ruwan tabarau masu siffar ƙwallo, kamar ruwan tabarau masu siffar ƙwallo, an yi su ne da gilashi don haka ruwan tabarau yana da ma'aunin haske fiye da ma'aunin haske na iska.

Nau'ikan ruwan tabarau masu lanƙwasa

Gabaɗaya, akwai nau'ikan ruwan tabarau guda uku masu siffar concave, inda siffar ruwan tabarau take kama da ta cikin hoton da ke ƙasa (duba gefe).

Karin bayani

Labari game da Halayen hoton da madubi mai siffar convex ya ƙirƙira

Nisa tsakanin abu da abin ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da tsawon madubin da ke da lanƙwasa (do < f)

Dangane da lissafin samuwar hoton ta hanyar madubin da ke lanƙwasa , za a iya kammala da cewa idan nisan abu (yi) ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da tsawon mai da hankali (f), halayen hoton sune:

- Ma'anar kama-da-wane ita ce hasken haske ba ya ratsa hoton saboda hoton yana bayan madubin da ke da santsi

- Tsaye

– Da zarar abin ya yi nisa da madubin da ke kewaye, to girman hoton zai ƙanƙanta

Karin bayani

Labari game da Ma'aunin madubi mai convex

Da farko, fahimci ƙa'idodin alamun madubin da ke da lanƙwasa.

Dokokin alamar madubi mai lanƙwasa

– Nisa tsakanin abu (yi)

Idan abu yana gaban madubi wanda ke nuna haske, inda hasken ke ratsawa ta cikin abu, to nisan abu (yi) yana da kyau.

– Nisa ta hoto (di)

Karin bayani

Labari game da ƙirƙirar hoto ta madubin convex

Domin fahimtar samuwar hoto ta madubin da ke kewaye da shi, koyi misalan matsaloli da mafita a ƙasa. A wannan yanayin, ana ɗauka cewa abu yana nesa da madubin da ke kewaye da shi,

sannan a zana siffar hoton ta hanyar madubin da ke da siffar lanƙwasa, nisan hoton daga madubin da ke da siffar lanƙwasa da kuma girman hoton ta hanyar madubin da ke da siffar lanƙwasa.

A ce madubi mai lanƙwasa yana da radius na 30 cm. Zana siffar hoton sannan a tantance nisan hoton da girman hoton, idan:

a) Nisa tsakanin abu da abin ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da tsawon mai da hankali (do < f)

b) Nisa tsakanin abu da tsawon mai da hankali (do = f)

Karin bayani

Labari game da zane-zanen Ray don madubin convex

Idan wani abu yana gaban madubi mai lanƙwasa wanda ke nuna haske, madubin mai lanƙwasa zai samar da hoton abin. Idan an san nisan abin daga madubin mai lanƙwasa, ta yaya za a zana siffar abin? A ce wani abu yana gaban madubi mai lanƙwasa, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa.

Layin lemu = madubi mai lanƙwasa

Layin shuɗi = babban ma'aunin

Kibiyar kore = abu

R = tsakiyar lanƙwasa na madubin mai lanƙwasa

f = mayar da hankali na madubin mai lanƙwasa

Karin bayani