Koyarwar Asali ta Fizik

Labari game da juriya

Dangane da wutar lantarki, an tattauna yawan wutar lantarki, haka nan kuma an yi bayani game da filin lantarki a cikin batu game da filin lantarki. Filin lantarki da wutar lantarki suna cikin mai jagora idan akwai bambanci mai yuwuwa a cikin mai jagora, yayin da idan babu bambanci mai yuwuwa, to babu filin lantarki da wutar lantarki.

A kusan dukkan masu sarrafa ƙarfe, filin lantarki yana daidai gwargwado kai tsaye da yawan wutar lantarki, inda rabon filin lantarki da yawan wutar lantarki yake dawwama. Darajar kwatancen filin lantarki da yawan wutar lantarki ana kiransa da juriya. A lissafi, an bayyana alaƙar da ke tsakanin filin lantarki, yawan wutar lantarki, da juriya a cikin lissafi:

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Article about the Resistor color code

The ɗan adawa is one component of an electrical circuit that functions to control the number of electric currents. In general, there are two types of resistors, namely wire coil resistors and carbon resistors. Wire roll resistors are usually used in the laboratory, made by wrapping fine wire on the surface of the insulator tube. Carbon resistors are typically used in electronic circuits, cylindrical, and have wires at both ends. The value of the carbon resistor resistance is expressed in color code and displayed on the surface of the resistor.

The resistance value of a resistor can be known by interpreting the resistor color code. To understand this, first look at the following table, then study the example problem to determine the resistor resistance value.

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Labari game da Resistor a cikin jerin

Idan an haɗa resistors ɗin kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton, resistors ɗin za a jera su a jere. Resistor ko juriyar lantarki da ake magana a kai na iya kasancewa a cikin nau'in abubuwan resistor, fitilu, ko wasu juriyar lantarki.

Cajin wutar lantarki yana motsawa ta hanyar juriya 1 (R)₁) = da cajin lantarki yana motsawa ta hanyar juriya 2 (R)₂) = cajin lantarki yana motsawa ta hanyar juriya 3 (R₃). Wutar lantarki (I) cajin lantarki ne wanda ke gudana a cikin wani takamaiman lokaci (I = Q / t), don haka wutar lantarki ta hanyar juriya 1 (I₁) = wutar lantarki ta hanyar juriya 2 (I₂) = wutar lantarki ta hanyar juriya 3 (I₃). A lissafi, jimlar wutar lantarki (I) = I₁ = Ni₂ = Ni₃.

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Daidaito na juriyar lantarki

A cikin batun dokar Ohm, wata dabara da ke bayyana dangantakar da ke tsakanin irin ƙarfin lantarki (V), lantarki na yanzu (Ni), kuma juriya na lantarki An samo (R). An bayyana ta hanyar lissafi ta hanyar lissafi:

Wannan lissafi ya nuna cewa juriyar lantarki (R) tana daidai gwargwado kai tsaye da ƙarfin lantarki (V) kuma tana daidai gwargwado da ƙarfin lantarki (I). Idan ƙarfin lantarki na babban ya fi ƙarfin juriyar lantarki yana ƙaruwa, akasin haka, idan ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya fi ƙarfin juriyar lantarki zai fi girma. Wannan lissafi ya bayyana dokar Ohm ne kawai lokacin da juriyar lantarki (R) take daidai gwargwado. Idan juriyar lantarki ba ta da daidaito, to wannan lissafi ba ya bayyana dokar Ohm, amma yana bayyana juriyar mai jagora.

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Labarin game da Resistors a layi daya

Idan an haɗa masu adawa kamar yadda yake a cikin hoton, masu adawa suna haɗuwa a layi ɗaya.

The lantarki na yanzu (ƙwanƙwasa wutar lantarki = cajin lantarki da ke gudana a cikin tazara ta lokaci) wanda ya shiga wurin haɗuwa iri ɗaya ne da fitowar wutar lantarki daga wurin haɗuwa. Akwai mahaɗa da yawa don haka jimlar wutar lantarki = adadin wutar lantarki da ke gudana a kowace mahaɗa. A lissafi, I = I₁ + Ni₂ + Ni₃Yayin da bambancin yuwuwar wutar lantarki ko lantarki ƙarfin lantarki a kowace mahaɗi iri ɗaya ne.

I = V/R don haka lissafin da ke sama ya canza zuwa I = V/R₁ + V/R₂ + V/R₃Wutar lantarki daidai take, don haka wannan lissafin ya canza zuwa I = V (1/R₁ +1/R₂ +1/R₃). Idan juriyar da ta yi daidai ita ce 1/R to I = V (1/R). Saboda haka, 1/R = 1/R₁ +1/R₂ +1/R₃.

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Labarin game da Tushen ƙarfin lantarki emf juriya ta ciki Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na ƙarshe

Wutar lantarki yana gudana a cikin da'irar rufewa, daga babban ƙarfin iko zuwa ƙarancin ƙarfin iko. Lokacin da wutar lantarki ke motsawa ta cikin wani ɓangaren juriya na lantarki, akwai raguwa a makamashin wutar lantarki domin ana amfani da makamashin lantarki akan wannan juriya. Domin wutar lantarki ta ci gaba da gudana daga babban ƙarfin lantarki zuwa ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki,

dole ne akwai na'ura don ƙara ƙarfin lantarki, kayan aikin ƙarfin lantarki ne (emf) ko kuma wanda aka fi sani da tushen ƙarfin lantarki. Emf ko tushen ƙarfin lantarki wani ɓangare ne wanda ke canza wani nau'in makamashi zuwa makamashin lantarki, kamar batura, ƙwayoyin hasken rana, ko janareton wutar lantarki.

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EMFs a cikin jerin da layi ɗaya

Idan akwai hanyoyi biyu ko fiye na electromotive (emf) da aka haɗa kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton, an shirya emf a jere.

Daidai da irin ƙarfin lantarki tushe (ε) shine:

ε = ε₁ + ε₂ + ε_n

Daidaiton juriyar ciki (r) shine:

r = r₁ +r₂ +r_n

Wutar lantarki da ke gudana ta hanyar juriyar waje (R) ita ce:

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Dokar farko ta Kirchhoff ta kuma kira dokar mahaɗin ta bayyana cewa wutar lantarki da ke shiga wurin mahaɗin iri ɗaya ce da wutar lantarki da ke fita daga wannan wurin mahaɗin. Wurin mahaɗin da ke cikin da'irar lantarki shine wurin da masu jagoranci biyu ko fiye suka haɗu, kamar maki a a cikin hoton da ke gefe.

Ni ne wutar lantarki da ke shiga wurin haɗuwa, yayin da ni ne₁ kuma ni₂ su ne kwararar wutar lantarki da ke fita daga wurin haɗuwa, I = I₁ + Ni₂Wani misali kuma, ku lura da hoton da ke ƙasa.

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Kirchhoff’s second rule states that the change in electric potential on the circumference of a closed circuit is zero. Kirchhoff’s second rule is based on the law of conservation of energy, which states that energy is eternal.

To better understand this, imagine the electric charge moving in a closed circuit, as in the figure. When an electric charge passes through an juriya na lantarki (R), the makamashin wutar lantarki is reduced because it is used on these resistances. If the electric charge passes through another electrical resistance, the electric potential energy decreases again because it is used again on the resistance. Furthermore, when the electric charge passes through the voltage source from a low potential to a high potential, the electric potential energy increases. When it returns to its original point, the electric potential energy is the same as before, where the change in electrical potential energy is zero. When applying Kirchhoff‘s second rule to an electrical circuit, we use the change in electrical voltage, not the change in electrical potential energy.

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Definition of electric power

The power learned in the work and Energy is defined as the work done during a certain time interval. Work is a process of energy change so that power can be understood as a change in energy that occurs during a certain time interval.

Electric power is a change in electrical energy during a certain time interval. In a review of electrical potential, it is explained that changes in electric potential energy occur when an electric charge passes through an ƙarfin lantarki bambanci.

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