Misalai 12 na tambayoyin injina masu sauƙi
1. Kalli hoton injin da aka gyara a gefe! Domin ɗaga shi, ana buƙatar ƙarfin F.
girman kamar…
A. 50 N
B. 100 N
C. 200 N
D. 1000 N
Tattaunawa
Nauyin kaya = Newtons 100. Don ɗaga kaya, ana buƙatar ƙaramin ƙarfin Newtons 100.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce B.
2. Kalli hoton!
Amfanin injina na lever shine…
A. 1
B. 1,5
C. 2,5
D. 10
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Nauyi (w) = 75 Newtons
Ƙarfi (F) = Newtons 7,5
Ƙarfin Hannu (LK) = 50 cm
Hannun Load (LB) = 5 cm
An tambaya: Fa'idar injina (KM)
Amsa:
Tsarin da ke nuna fa'idar injina ta lever:
KM = w / F ko KM = LK/LB
Bayani: KM = fa'idar injina, w = nauyin kaya, F = ƙarfi, LK = hannun wuta, LB = hannun kaya.
An ƙididdige fa'idar injina ta lever ta amfani da dabarar da ke sama:
KM = w/F = 75 Newtons / 7,5 Newtons = 10 ko
KM = LK/LB = 50 cm / 5 cm = 10
Amsar da ta dace ita ce D.
3. Kalli hoton lever ɗin da ke ƙasa!
Girman ƙarfin ɗaga dutsen shine…
A. 2.250 Newtons
B. 1.500 Newtons
C. 750 Newtons
D. 500 Newtons
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Nauyin kaya (w) = 1500 Newton
Hannun kaya (Lb) = mita 0,5
Ƙarfin hannu (Lk) = mita 1,5
An tambaya: Ƙarfi (F)
Amsa:
Tsarin da ke nuna fa'idar injina ta lever:
Km = w / F ko Km = Lk/Lb
Bayanin dabara:
Km = fa'idar injina, w = nauyin kaya, F = ƙarfi, Lk = hannun iko, Lb = hannun kaya.
Amfanin injina:
Km = Lk/Lb = 1,5/0,5 = 3
Babban salo:
Km = w / F
F = w / Km
F = 1500 Newtons / 3
F = 500 Newton
Amsar da ta dace ita ce D.
4. Kalli hoton!
Daga cikin injunan guda huɗu masu sauƙi da ke sama, wanda ke amfani da ƙa'idar jirgin sama mai karkata shine...
A. 1 da 2
B. 1 da 3
C. 2 da 3
D. 3 da 4
Tattaunawa
Inji mai sauƙi kayan aiki ne da ake amfani da shi don sauƙaƙa aikin ɗan adam. Misali, idan kana fuskantar matsala wajen ɗaga abu zuwa wani tsayi, ana iya amfani da jirgin da aka karkata. Tura abu a kan jirgin da aka karkata yana buƙatar ƙaramin ƙarfi fiye da ɗaga shi kai tsaye. A wannan yanayin, abin yana motsawa yayin da jirgin da aka karkata ya kasance a tsaye.
Jirgin da aka karkata a hoton da ke sama shine jirgin sama mai karkata wanda har yanzu yana nan. Akwai jiragen sama masu karkata waɗanda injina ne masu sauƙi waɗanda za su iya motsawa, wato sukurori (1) da wedges. Misalan wedges sune gatari (2), wuƙaƙe da chisels. A wannan yanayin, abin yana nan a tsaye yayin da jirgin sama mai karkata ke motsawa.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce A.
5. Injin mai sauƙi mai zuwa wanda ke amfani da ƙa'idar lever shine...
Tattaunawa
Wani nau'in injin mai sauƙi shine lever. Lever kayan aiki ne da ke ƙara ƙarfi, inda ƙarfin da aka samar ya fi ƙarfin da aka saki. Akwai nau'ikan lever guda uku, wato lever na aji na farko, lever na aji na biyu da lever na aji na uku. Siffar lever na aji na farko ita ce fulcrum yana tsakanin ƙarfi da kaya, misali almakashi da filaya. Siffar lever na aji na biyu ita ce kaya yana tsakanin fulcrum da ƙarfi, misali mai jan ƙusa da stapler. Siffar lever na aji na uku ita ce ƙarfi yana tsakanin kaya da fulcrum, misali goga.
Siffa ta B misali ne na lever na aji na biyu, inda nauyin yake tsakanin fulcrum (tayar) da ƙarfin (ƙarfin ɗagawa da ƙarfin turawa na ɗan adam).
Amsar da ta dace ita ce B.
6. Injin mai sauƙi mai zuwa yana da ƙa'idar aiki iri ɗaya da injin mai sauƙi da ke sama, wato...
Tattaunawa
Injin da ke cikin hoton da ke sama lever ne. Lever na'urar ƙara ƙarfi ce, inda ƙarfin da aka samu ya fi ƙarfin da aka yi amfani da shi. Akwai nau'ikan levers guda uku: levers na aji na farko, levers na aji na biyu, da levers na aji na uku.
Siffar lever na aji ɗaya ita ce, fulcrum yana tsakanin ƙarfi da kaya, misali levers, almakashi da filaya.
Siffar lever na aji na biyu ita ce nauyin yana tsakanin fulcrum da ƙarfi, misali mai jan ƙusa da kuma stapler.
Halayyar lever na aji na uku ita ce ƙarfin yana tsakanin kaya da kuma fulcrum, misali goga.
Hoton da ke cikin tambayar da ke sama shine lever da kuma wata na'ura mai sauƙi wadda ke aiki akan ƙa'ida ɗaya kamar lever shine almakashi.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce C.
7. Kalli wasan seesaw kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa!
Nauyin yaro A ya fi na yaro B girma. Domin a daidaita wurin da aka yi amfani da shi wajen yin iyo, wurin da ya dace shine...
A. An mayar da fulcrum T zuwa wurin P
B. Yaro B ya matsa zuwa wurin R
C. Yaro A ya matsa zuwa wurin P
D. Yaro B ya matsa zuwa wurin Q
Tattaunawa
Injin saw misali ne na injin lever mai sauƙi. Tsarin da ke nuna fa'idar injina shine:
KM = w lb = F lk
Bayani:
KM = fa'idar injina,
w = kaya
lb = hannun kaya = nisan da ke tsakanin kaya da kuma fulcrum. Fulcrum a cikin hoton shine T
F = ƙarfi
lk = hannun iko = tazara tsakanin iko da fulcrum. Fulcrum a cikin hoton shine T
Bisa ga dabarar da ke sama, don haka samfurin kayan (w) da hannun kaya (lb) iri ɗaya ne da samfurin ƙarfin (F) da hannun kaya (lk), to idan nauyin ya yi girma kuma ƙarfin ya yi ƙarami, hannun kaya (lb) dole ne ya zama ƙarami kuma hannun kaya (lk) dole ne ya zama babba.
Duba hoton da ke sama. Idan A babban kaya ne kuma B ƙaramin ƙarfi ne to daidaito yana faruwa ne lokacin da hannun kaya ƙarami ne kuma hannun ƙarfi babba ne.
Hannun kayan yana ƙarami bayan yaro A ya koma P.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce C.
8.
Kalli hoton da ke ƙasa!
Daga cikin jiragen sama huɗu masu karkata zuwa sama, wanda ke da irin wannan fa'idar injiniya an nuna shi a lambar adadi….
A. (1) da (2)
B. (1) da (3)
C. (2) da (4)
D. (3) da (4)
Tattaunawa
Jirgin sama mai karkata injina ne mai sauƙi. Injina masu sauƙi kayan aiki ne da ke taimaka wa mutane su yi ayyuka. Ana amfani da jiragen sama masu karkata don sauƙaƙa wa mutane ɗaga abubuwa zuwa wani tsayi.
Amfanin injiniya na jirgin sama mai karkata shine rabon tsawon jirgin sama mai karkata zuwa tsayin jirgin sama mai karkata.
Amfanin injina na jirgin sama mai karkata 1 = 5 cm / 2 cm = 2,5
Amfanin injina na jirgin sama mai karkata 2 = 3 cm / 2 cm = 1,5
Amfanin injina na jirgin sama mai karkata 3 = 3 cm / 1 cm = 3
Amfanin injina na jirgin sama mai karkata 4 = 12 cm / 4 cm = 3
An nuna irin wannan fa'idar injiniya ta hanyar Figures (3) da (4).
Amsar da ta dace ita ce D.
9.
Wasu jiragen sama masu karkata suna da girma kamar hoton.
Wanda ke da irin wannan fa'idar injiniya shine ƙirar da ke da karkata….
A. (1) da (2)
B. (1) da (3)
C. (2) da (4)
D. (3) da (4)
Tattaunawa
Amfanin injina na jirgin sama mai karkata 1 = 3,2 m / 80 cm = 320 cm / 80 cm = 4
Amfanin injina na jirgin sama mai karkata 2 = 3,6 m / 90 cm = 360 cm / 90 cm = 4
Amfanin injina na jirgin sama mai karkata 3 = 3 m / 120 cm = 300 cm / 120 cm = 2,5
Amfanin injina na jirgin sama mai karkata 4 = 4 m / 125 cm = 400 cm / 125 cm = 3,2
An nuna irin wannan fa'idar injiniya ta hanyar Figures (1) da (2).
Amsar da ta dace ita ce A.
10.
Kalli hoton da ke ƙasa na jirgin sama mai karkata!
Jirgin da ke da irin wannan fa'idar injiniya shine….
A. (1) da (2)
B. (1) da (3)
C. (2) da (3)
D. (3) da (4)
Tattaunawa
Amfanin injina na jirgin sama mai karkata 1 = 3 m / 1,2 m = 2,5
Amfanin injina na jirgin sama mai karkata 2 = 5 m / 2 m = 2,5
Amfanin injina na jirgin sama mai karkata 3 = 4 m / 1,5 m = 2,6
Amfanin injina na jirgin sama mai karkata 4 = 3,6 m / 1,2 m = 3
An nuna irin wannan fa'idar injiniya ta hanyar Figures (1) da (2).
Amsar da ta dace ita ce A.
11. Injinan da ke da sauƙi
Kalli hoton lever ɗin da ke ƙasa.
Nisa AB = BC = CD = DE, adadin ƙarfin da dole ne a yi amfani da shi a kan ma'aunin E don a daidaita ma'aunin shine…
A. 300 N
B. 450 N
C. 750 N
D. 900 N
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
AB = BC = CD = DE = l
Hannun kaya (Lb) = l
Ƙarfin hannu (Lk) = 3l
Nauyin kaya (w) = 900 Newton
An tambaya: Ƙarfi (F)
Amsa:
Amfanin injina:
Km = Lk/Lb = 3l/l = 3
Babban salo:
Km = w / F
F = w / Km
F = 900 Newtons / 3
F = 300 Newton
Amsar da ta dace ita ce A.
12. Kalli hoton lever ɗin da ke ƙasa!
Sannan a matsar da kayan zuwa 10 cm kusa da fulcrum. Domin kiyaye daidaiton lever, dole ne a...
A. da 54 N
B. an rage 64 N
C. da 75 N
D. an rage 96 N
Tattaunawa
Lissafi na hannun wutar lantarki (Lk)
An san cewa:
Hannun kaya (Lb) = 25 cm
Nauyin kaya (w) = 480 Newton
Ƙarfi (F) = 160 N
An tambaya: Ƙarfin hannu (Lk)
Amsa:
Fa'idar injina (Km):
Km = w / F = 480 Newtons / 160 N = 3
Hannun iko (Lk):
Km = Lk/Lambar
3 = Lk/25 cm
Lk = (3)(25 cm)
Lk = 75 cm
Lissafa girman ƙarfin (F)
An san cewa:
Hannun kaya (Lb) = 25 cm – 10 cm = 15 cm
Nauyin kaya (w) = 480 Newton
Hannun ƙarfi (Lk) = 75 cm
An tambaya: Ƙarfi (F)
Amsa:
Fa'idar injina (Km):
Km = Lk/Lambar
Km = 75 cm / 15 cm
Km = 5
Girman ƙarfin (F):
Km = w / F
F = w / Km
F = 480 Newtons / 5
F = 96 Newton
Domin lever ɗin ya kasance a cikin daidaito, ƙarfin yana raguwa da Newtons 64 (160 N – 96 N).
Amsar da ta dace ita ce B.
Tushen tambaya:
Tambayoyin Jarrabawar Ƙasa ta Kimiyya ta Makarantar Sakandare/Makarantar Sakandare ta Musulunci
