Misalan Tambayoyi 5 na Canja wurin Zafi
1. An haɗa sanduna biyu na P da Q masu girman iri ɗaya amma nau'ikan ƙarfe daban-daban kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa. Idan ma'aunin watsa wutar lantarki na P ya ninka ma'aunin watsa wutar lantarki na Q sau biyu, to zafin jiki a kan jirgin ƙasa mai iyaka P da Q shine…
A. 600 oC
B. 200 oC
C. 100 oC
D. 90 oC
E. 60 oC
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Sanduna biyu P da Q suna da girman iri ɗaya
Ma'aunin watsa wutar lantarki na zafi P ya ninka ma'aunin watsa wutar lantarki na zafi Q sau biyu
Zafin ƙarshen sandar P shine 90o, zafin ƙarshen sandar Q shine 0o kuma zafin da ke tsakanin sandunan P da Q shine T.
An tambaya: Zafin jiki a matakin iyaka P da Q
Amsa:
Tsarin ƙima canja wurin zafi ta hanyar watsawa :
Bayani: Q/t = ƙimar canja wurin zafi, k = ƙarfin watsa zafi, A = yankin giciye, T1 = zafin jiki mai yawa, T2 = ƙarancin zafin jiki, l = tsawon abu.
Sanduna biyu P da Q suna da girman iri ɗaya don haka yankin saman (A) da tsayi (l) sun ɓace daga lissafin. Lissafin da ke sama ya canza zuwa:
Ma'aunin watsa wutar lantarki na zafi P ya ninka ma'aunin watsa wutar lantarki na zafi Q sau biyu. Ma'aunin da ke sama ya canza zuwa:
Zafin ƙarshen sandar P shine 90o, zafin ƙarshen sandar Q shine 0o kuma zafin da ke tsakanin sandunan P da Q shine T. Lissafin da ke sama yana canzawa zuwa:
Zafin jiki a layin iyaka P da Q shine 60 oC.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce E.
2. Sandunan A da B suna da yanki da tsayi iri ɗaya na giciye. Idan ma'aunin watsawa na sandar A = sau 1/4 na ma'aunin watsawa na sandar B, to duka biyun suna dumama a gefe ɗaya kuma ya zama cewa duka suna fuskantar canjin zafin jiki iri ɗaya. Sannan rabon ƙimar canja wurin zafi na sandar A da sandar B shine…..
A. 1: 4
B. 1: 2
C. 1: 1
D. 2: 1
E. 4: 1
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Yankin giciye na sandar A (A) = yankin giciye na sandar B (A)
Tsawon sandar A (l) = tsawon sandar B (l)
Ma'aunin ma ...
Canjin zafin jiki na sandar A (ΔT) = canjin zafin jiki na sandar B (ΔT)
An tambaya: Kwatanta saurin canja wurin zafi na sandar A da sandar B
Amsa:
Tsarin da ake amfani da shi wajen canja wurin zafi ta hanyar amfani da na'urar sadarwa:
Bayani: Q/t = ƙimar canja wurin zafi, k = ƙarfin watsa zafi, A = yankin giciye, T2 = zafin jiki mai yawa, T1 = ƙarancin zafin jiki, l = tsawon abu.
Yankin giciye iri ɗaya ne, tsawon sandar iri ɗaya ne, canjin zafin jiki iri ɗaya ne.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce E.
3. Sandunan ƙarfe guda biyu A da B masu girman iri ɗaya kowannensu yana da ma'aunin sarrafawa na 2k da k bi da bi.
Dukansu an haɗa su tare kuma ana sanya ƙarshen kyauta a yanayin zafi kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton.
Zafin jiki (T) a haɗin ƙarfe na A da B shine...
A. 80 oC
B. 100 oC
C. 120 oC
D. 150 oC
E. 160 oC
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Sandunan ƙarfe guda biyu A da B suna da girman iri ɗaya
Ma'aunin watsawa na ƙarfe A = 2k
Ma'aunin sarrafa ƙarfe B = k
Zafin ƙarfe na ƙarshen A = 210oC
Zafin ƙarfe B = 30oC
An tambaya: Zafin jiki (T) a gidajen ƙarfe A da B
Amsa:
Tsarin ƙima canja wurin zafi ta hanyar watsawa :
Bayani: Q/t = ƙimar canja wurin zafi, k = ƙarfin watsa zafi, A = yankin saman, T1-T2 = canjin zafin jiki, l = tsawon sandar
Sandunan ƙarfe guda biyu A da B girmansu iri ɗaya ne don haka an cire yankin saman (A) da tsawon (l) na sandunan daga lissafin.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce D.
4. An haɗa sandunan jagora guda biyu masu tsayi iri ɗaya da yankin giciye tare kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa. Ma'aunin watsa wutar lantarki na sandar jagora ta biyu = sau 2 ma'aunin watsa wutar lantarki na sandar farko. Idan an dumama sandar farko don haka T1 = 100 oC da T2 = 25 oC, to zafin da ke wurin haɗuwa (T) shine...
A. 30 oC
B. 35 oC
C. 40 oC
D. 45 oC
E. 50 oC
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Sandunan ƙarfe guda biyu A da B suna da girman iri ɗaya
Ma'aunin sarrafawa na sanda I = k
Ma'aunin sarrafawa na sanda II = 2k
Zafin ƙarshen sandar I = 100oC
Zafin sanda II = 25oC
An tambaya: Zafin jiki a gidajen haɗin sandunan I da II
Amsa:
Tsarin da ake amfani da shi wajen canja wurin zafi ta hanyar amfani da na'urar sadarwa:
Bayani: Q/t = ƙimar canja wurin zafi, k = ƙarfin watsa zafi, A = yankin saman, T1-T2 = canjin zafin jiki, l = tsawon sandar
Zafin jiki a layin iyaka P da Q:
Sandunan ƙarfe guda biyu A da B girmansu iri ɗaya ne don haka an cire yankin saman (A) da tsawon (l) na sandunan daga lissafin.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce C.
5. Sandunan ƙarfe guda uku daban-daban na A, B da C amma suna da tsayi iri ɗaya da kuma yanki ɗaya na giciye, an haɗa su da juna kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa.
Babban ƙarfin lantarki 4 kA = 2kB = kuC da kuma T1 = 100oC da T4 = 20oC sannan zafin jiki T2 da kuma T3 shine…
A. T2 = 54,26 oC, T3 = 31,4 oC
B. T2 = 31,4 oC, T3 = 54,26 oC
C. T2 = 32,4 oC, T3 = 54,26 oC
D. T2 = 56,26 oC, T3 = 31,4 oC
E.T2 = 54,26 oC, T3 = 30,4 oC
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
T1 = 100oC
T4 = 20oC
4 kA = 2kB = kuC
Idan kC = 4, kB = 2, kA = 1
An tambaya: T2 da kuma T3
Amsa:
Tsarin canja wurin zafi ta hanyar sadarwa:
Bayani:
Q/t = ƙimar canja wurin zafi, k = ƙarfin watsa zafi, A = yankin giciye, T1 = zafin farko, T2 = zafin jiki na ƙarshe, l = tsawon sandar.
Tsawon (l) da yankin giciye (A) daidai suke don haka an cire su daga lissafin.
Yi amfani da wannan lissafi don ƙididdige zafin jiki.
Ka yi la'akari da sandunan ƙarfe A da B.
Ka yi la'akari da sandunan ƙarfe na B da C.
Kawar da lissafi na 1 da lissafi na 2:
Ƙidaya T2 ta amfani da lissafi na 1:
Amsar da ta dace ita ce A.
Tushen tambaya:
Tambayoyin Nazarin Fizik na Ƙasa ga Makarantar Sakandare ta Babbar Sakandare/Makarantar Sakandare ta Sana'a
