Misalai 3 na canja wurin zafi ta hanyar radiation
1. Yi bayani ta amfani da misalai, ma'anar canja wurin zafi ta hanyar radiation ?
Tattaunawa
Canja wurin zafi na radiation shine canja wurin zafi a cikin nau'in raƙuman lantarki. Misalin canja wurin zafi na radiation shine canja wurin zafi daga rana zuwa Duniya. Tsakanin Duniya da rana akwai injin tsotsa ko kusan injin tsotsa, don haka zafi da ke fitowa daga rana, a mafi yawan zafin jiki, zuwa ƙasa, a ƙaramin zafin jiki, ba zai iya ratsa abu ba. Hasken da ke fitowa daga rana zuwa Duniya raƙuman lantarki ne, kamar sauran raƙuman lantarki da dama, don haka za a iya kammala cewa zafi yana motsawa daga rana zuwa Duniya a cikin nau'in raƙuman lantarki.
2. Me yasa jiki yake jin zafi da cunkoso idan ana sanya baƙaƙen kaya a rana mai zafi? Idan haka ne, wane launi ne ya dace a saka idan iska tana da zafi sosai kuma lokacin da iska take da sanyi sosai?
Tattaunawa
Kowace launi tana da ikon shaƙar zafi da wasu abubuwa ke fitarwa daban-daban. Baƙi yana shan kusan dukkan zafin da ke sauka a kanta, yayin da fari ke nuna kusan dukkan zafin da ke sauka a kanta. Sanya tufafi baƙi a rana mai zafi na iya sa jikinka ya ji zafi domin baƙi yana shan kusan dukkan zafin da ke fitowa daga rana ko iska.
Abubuwan da ke da saman baƙi suna da iskar da ke fitarwa kusa da 1, yayin da fararen abubuwa ke da iskar da ke fitarwa kusa da 0. Iskar da ke fitarwa tana da ƙima tsakanin 0 da 1. Girman iskar da ke fitarwa (e kusa da 1), yawan zafi da abin ke fitarwa ko sha. Akasin haka, ƙarancin iskar da ke fitarwa ko sha (e kusa da 0), ƙarancin zafi da abin ke fitarwa ko sha.
Idan iskar ta yi zafi sosai, ya kamata a yi launin haske (misali fari) idan kuma iskar ta yi sanyi sosai, ya kamata a yi launin duhu (misali baƙi).
3. An san cewa fadin duniya shine 149,6 x 106 km kuma fitar da iskar duniya shine 0,95. Kiyasta yawan canja wurin zafi ta hanyar hasken rana daga rana zuwa saman duniya a lokacin da rana take sama kai tsaye!
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Radius na duniya (r) = 149,6 x 106 km = 149,6 x 109 mita
Yankin saman duniya (A) = π r2 = (3,14)(49,6 x 109 m)2 = (3,14)(2460,16 x 1018 m2= 7725 x 1018 m2
Yaɗuwar iskar duniya = 0,95
An tambaya: Yawan hasken rana (Q/t)
Amsa:
Tsarin ƙimar hasken rana:
Q/t = (1000 W/m2) e A cos θ
Bayani:
Q/t = ƙimar hasken rana, 1000 W/m2 = daidaiton hasken rana, e = watsi da iska, A = yankin saman abin, θ = kusurwar da aka samar tsakanin haskokin rana da layin da ya dace da saman duniya.
Idan rana ta kai tsaye a sama, hasken rana yana daidai da saman Duniya. Idan rana ta yi daidai da saman Duniya, hasken rana yana samar da kusurwar 0°.o tare da layi na yau da kullun da ke daidai da saman duniya.
Q/t = (1000 W/m2) e A cos θ
Q/t = (1000 W/m2)(0,95)(7725 x 1018 m2(kwas 0)o)
Q/t = (1000 W/m2)(0,95)(7725 x 1018 m2(1)
Q/t = (1000 W/m2)(0,95)(7725 x 1018 m2(1)
Q/t = 7.338.750 x 1018
Q/t = 7,34 x 1024 Joule/daƙiƙa
