Misalai 20 na Dokokin Newton
Dokar Farko ta Newton
1. Idan ƙarfin da ke aiki akan wani abu daidai yake da sifili, to...
(1) abin ba zai hanzarta ba
(2) abubuwa koyaushe suna hutawa
(3) canjin saurin abu sifili ne
(4) ba zai yiwu abu ya motsa a layi madaidaiciya a gudun da ba ya canzawa
Gaskiyar magana ita ce…
A. (1), (2) da (3)
B. (1) da (3) kawai
C. (2) da (4) kawai
D. (4) kawai
E. (1), (2), (3) da (4)
Tattaunawa
Amsar da ta dace ita ce:
(1) Abin ba zai hanzarta ba
Ƙarfin da aka samu yana sa abu ya yi sauri. Idan ƙarfin da aka samu ya zama sifili, abin ba zai yi sauri ba.
(2) Abubuwa koyaushe suna hutawa
Dokar Farko ta Newton ta bayyana cewa idan ƙarfin da ke aiki akan wani abu ya yi daidai da sifili, to abin da ke hutawa zai ci gaba da zama a hutawa kuma abin da ke motsawa a gudun da ba ya canzawa (motsi mai layi ɗaya) zai ci gaba da tafiya a gudun da ba ya canzawa.
(3) Sauyin saurin abu sifili ne
Canjin gudu = hanzari. Canjin gudun abu na sifili yana nufin saurin abu sifili ne. Idan hanzarin sifili ne, to ƙarfin da ke aiki akan abu sifili ne.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce A.
Abubuwa a cikin Lif
2. Idan Sandi yana cikin lif ɗin da ba ya tsayawa, nauyinsa shine N500. Hawan da aka samu sakamakon nauyi = 10 ms –2 . Lokacin da lif ɗin ya yi sauri, tashin hankalin da ke cikin igiyar zai zama N750. Don haka, hawan da lif ɗin ke yi shine…
A. 5,0 ms –2
B. 7,5 ms –2
C. 10,0 ms –2
D. 12,5 ms –2
E. 15,0 ms –2
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Nauyin lamba (w) = 500 Newton = 500 kg ms –2 (lif a lokacin hutawa)
Saurin gudu saboda nauyi (g) = 10 ms –2
Nauyin Kalmar Sirri (m) = 500 / 10 = 50 kg
Tashin hankali na igiya (T) = 750 N (an ƙara girman lif)
An yi watsi da nauyin lif ɗin.
An tambaya: Haɓaka lif
Amsa:
Lifta tana hutawa, babu hanzari (a = 0). Ƙarfin sama yana da kyau, ƙarfin ƙasa kuma yana da korau.
ΣF = ma
T – w = 0
T = w
T = 500 Newtons
Idan ɗagawa ta yi sauri zuwa ƙasa, ƙarfin tashin hankali a cikin igiyar zai zama ƙasa da Newtons 500. A gefe guda kuma, idan ɗagawa ta yi sauri zuwa sama, ƙarfin tashin hankali a cikin igiyar zai fi Newtons 500 girma.
Tashin hankalin da ke cikin igiyar ya zama 750 N, wanda ke sa lif ɗin ya yi sauri sama. Ƙarfin da ke cikin alkibla ɗaya da motsin lif ɗin yana da kyau, kuma ƙarfin da ke cikin alkiblar akasin haka ba shi da kyau.
T – w = ma
750 – 500 = 50 a
250 = 50 a
a = 250/50
a = 5,0 ms –2
Amsar da ta dace ita ce A.
3. Mutumin da nauyinsa ya kai kilogiram 60 yana cikin lif wanda ke tafiya ƙasa tare da saurin gudu na 3 ms -2 . Idan saurin gudu saboda nauyi shine 10 ms -2 , to girman ƙarfin da benen lif ke yi wa mutum shine...
A. 180 N
B. 200 N
C. 340 N
D. 420 N
E. 600 N
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Mass (m) = 60 kg
Hawan mutum da lif (a) = 3 m/s 2
Saurin gudu saboda nauyi (g) = 10 m/s 2
Nauyi (w) = mg = (60)(10) = 600 Newtons
An tambaya: ƙarfin yau da kullun (N)
Amsa:
Akwai ƙarfi biyu da ke aiki a kan mutum a cikin lif, wato nauyi (w) da ƙarfin da ake amfani da shi a ƙasan lif (N). Akwai adadi uku na vector, wato nauyi, ƙarfin yau da kullun, da kuma hanzarin lif, inda ake karkatar da nauyi zuwa ƙasa, ƙarfin yau da kullun ana karkatar da shi zuwa sama, kuma hanzarin lif ana karkatar da shi zuwa ƙasa. Ana zaɓar adadin vector da aka karkatar da shi zuwa ƙasa don samun alama mai kyau kuma ana zaɓar adadin vector da aka jagoranta zuwa sama don samun alama mara kyau.
∑ F = ma
w – N = (60)(3)
600 – N = 180
N = 600 – 180
N = 420 Newton
Amsar da ta dace ita ce D.
4. Reza, mai nauyin kilogiram 40, yana cikin lif wanda ke tafiya sama. Idan ƙarfin benen lif ɗin da ke kan ƙafafun Reza shine 520 N kuma saurin gudu saboda nauyi shine 10 ms -2 , to saurin gudu na lif ɗin shine...
A. 1,0 ms -2
B. 1,5 ms -2
C. 2,0 ms -2
D. 2,5 ms -2
E. 3,0 ms -2
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Mass (m) = 40 kg
Ƙarfin da aka saba (N) = 520 N
Saurin gudu saboda nauyi (g) = 10 m/s 2
Ƙarfin nauyi (w) = mg = (40)(10) = 400 N
An tambaya: Haɓaka lif
Amsa:
∑ F = ma
400 – 520 = (40)(a)
-120 = (40)(a)
a = -120/40
a = -3 m/s 2
Saurin lif ɗin shine 3 m/s 2. Alamar mara kyau tana nufin lif ɗin yana tafiya sama.
5. Mutumin da nauyinsa ya kai kilogiram 60 yana cikin wani lif wanda ke tafiya ƙasa da sauri na 3 ms -2 . Nawa matsin lamba ne ƙafafun mutane ke yi a ƙasan lif ɗin?
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Nauyin mutum (m) = 60 kg
Nauyin mutum (w) = mg = (60 kg)(10 m/s 2 ) = 600 kg m/s 2 = 600 Newtons
Hanzarta lif (a) = 3 m/s 2 , ƙasa.
An tambaya: Nawa ne matsin lamba da ƙafafun mutum ke yi a ƙasan lif?
Amsa:
Lif ɗin yana tafiya ƙasa da hanzari (a) na 3 m/s 2. Ƙarfin da ke daidai da motsin lif ɗin yana da kyau, ƙarfin da ke akasin motsin lif ɗin yana da korau.
w – N = ma
N = w – ma
N = 600 – (60)(3)
N = 600 – 180
N = 420 Newton
Wannan shine ƙarfin da benen lif ke yi wa mutum. Mutumin yana tsaye a kan lif ɗin don girman ƙarfin da aka saba da shi ya yi daidai da nauyin da aka saba da shi. Nauyin da aka bayyana daidai yake da matsin ƙafafun mutum a ƙasa.
Tsarin Load na Igiya na kura
6. An ɗaure abubuwa biyu A da B, kowannensu yana da nauyin kilogiram 6 da kilogiram 2, da igiya a kan pulley kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton. Idan aka yi watsi da gogayya tsakanin igiya da pulley kuma g = 10 ms -2 , to tashin hankalin da ke cikin igiyar shine...
A. 20 N
B. 24 N
C. 27 N
D. 30 N
E. 50 N
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
m A = 6 kg, m B = 2 kg, g = 10 m/s 2
w A = m A g = (6 kg)(10 m/s 2 ) = 60 kg m/s 2
w B = m B g = (2 kg)(10 m/s 2 ) = 20 kg m/s 2
Tambaya: Menene ƙarfin tashin hankali na igiya (T)?
Amsa:
w A > w B saboda haka tsarin yana motsawa akasin agogo (m A yana motsawa ƙasa, m B yana motsawa sama).
Hanzari
ΣF = ma
w A – w B = (m A + m B ) a
60 – 20 = (6 + 2) a
40 = (8) a
a = 40 / 8 = 5 m/s 2
Tashin hankali na igiya
m A yana motsawa ƙasa
w A – T A = m A a
60 – T A = (6)(5)
60 – TA = 30
TA = 60 – 30
T 2 = 30 Newton
m B yana motsawa sama
T B – w B = m B a
T B – 20 = (2)(5)
T B – 20 = 10
T B = 10 + 20
T 1 = 30 Newton
Tashin hankali na igiya (T) = 30 Newtons.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce D.
7. Kalli hoton da ke gefe! An yi watsi da gogayya tsakanin igiya da pulley. Idan nauyin A = 5 kg, g = 10 ms —2 kuma A yana motsawa ƙasa da hanzarin 2,5 ms —2 , to menene nauyin B?
A. 0,5 kg
B. 1 kg
C. 1,5 kg
D. 2 kg
E. 3 kg
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Nauyin A (mA ) = 5 kg
Saurin gudu saboda nauyi (g) = 10 m/s 2
Hawan A ko hanzarin tsarin (a) = 2,5 m/s 2
Nauyi A (w A ) = (m A )(g) = (5)(10) = 50 Newtons
An tambaya: menene nauyin B (mB )?
Amsa:
Toshe A yana tafiya ƙasa, don haka nauyin A (w A ) ya fi nauyin B (w B ) girma.
Yi amfani da dokar Newton ta biyu:
ΣF = ma
w A – w B = (m A + m B ) a
50 – (m B )(10) = (5 + m B ) (2,5)
50 – 10 m B = 12,5 + 2,5 m B
50 – 12,5 = 2,5 m B + 10 m B
37,5 = 12,5 m B
m B = 3 kg
Amsar da ta dace ita ce E.
8. An ɗaure abubuwa biyu masu nauyin kilogiram 2 da kilogiram 3 da igiya sannan a haɗa su da wani kulli wanda aka yi watsi da nauyinsa kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton.
Idan girman saurin nauyi = 10 ms -2 , ƙarfin tashin hankali na igiyar da tsarin ya fuskanta shine....
A. 20 N
B. 24 N
C. 27 N
D. 30 N
E. 50 N
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
m 1 = 2 kg, m 2 = 3 kg, g = 10 m/s 2
w 1 = (m 1 )(g) = (kg 2)(m 10/s 2 ) = kg 20 m/s 2 ko 20 Newtons
w 2 = (m 2 )(g) = (kg 3)(m 10/s 2 ) = kg 30 m/s 2 ko 30 Newtons
Tambaya: Menene ƙarfin tashin hankali na igiya (T)?
Amsa:
w 2 > w 1 saboda haka tsarin yana tafiya a hannun agogo (m 2 yana motsawa ƙasa, m 1 yana motsawa sama).
Hanzari
ΣF = ma
w 2 – w 1 = (m 1 + m 2 ) a
30 – 20 = (2 + 3) a
10 = (5) a
a = 10 / 5 = 2 m/s 2.
Tashin hankali na igiya
m 2 yana motsawa ƙasa
w 2 – T 2 = m 2 a
30 – T 2 = (3)(2)
30 – T 2 = 6
T 2 = 30 – 6
T 2 = 24 Newton
m 1 yana motsawa sama
T 1 – w 1 = m 1 a
T 1 – 20 = (2)(2)
T 1 – 20 = 4
T 1 = 20 + 4
T 1 = 24 Newton
Tashin hankali na igiya (T) = 24 Newtons.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce B.
9. An haɗa tubalan guda biyu ta hanyar kura mai santsi kuma an yi watsi da nauyin kura kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton. Kura A = m A , taro B = m B kuma kura B yana faɗuwa tare da hanzari a. Idan hanzarin da aka samu saboda nauyi shine g, to girman tashin igiya da ke faruwa a cikin kura B shine…
A. T = mB.a
B. T = m A (a – g)
C. T = m A (g – a)
D. T = m B (a – g)
E. T = m B (g – a)
Tattaunawa
Faɗin da ke kan lebur yana da santsi don haka babu wani ƙarfin gogayya da ke hana motsi na toshe A. Ƙarfin da ke motsa tsarin toshe shine nauyin toshe B.
Lissafa hanzarin tsarin:
Lissafa ƙarfin tashin hankali na igiya (T):
Ka yi la'akari da motsin ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan, misali A. A yana motsawa zuwa dama.
Maye gurbin m A a cikin lissafi na 1 da m A a cikin lissafi na 2.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce E.
10. An sanya tubalan da nauyinsu ya kai kilogiram 10 a kan ƙasa mai kauri sannan a ja su da ƙarfin kwance F. Idan ma'aunin gogayya mai tsauri shine μs = 0,5 da kuma ma'aunin gogayya ta motsi μk = 0,3. Kayyade girman ƙarfin gogayya lokacin da toshewar ke gab da motsawa. (g = 10 m/s2)
Tattaunawa
Toshe zai motsa daidai idan girman ƙarfin ja = girman ƙarfin gogayya mai tsayi. Gogayya mai tsayi yana aiki akan abu (yana hana motsin abu) lokacin da ake ja abin amma abin bai motsa ba tukuna. Gogayya mai tsayi yana da matsakaicin ƙima lokacin da abin yake gab da motsawa (abin bai motsa ba tukuna, abin yana kusan motsawa). Akasin haka, gogayya mai tsayi yana aiki akan abu (yana hana motsin abu) lokacin da abin ya riga ya motsa.
An san cewa:
Tambaya: Matsakaicin ƙarfin gogayya mai motsi (f)s)?
Amsa:
Idan abin yana kan layi kamar yadda yake a hoton, girman ƙarfin da aka saba da shi = nauyin abin.
Ƙarfin da aka saba (N) = nauyi (w) = 100 Newtons
Matsakaicin ƙarfin gogayya mai tsauri:
Ba a amfani da ma'aunin gogayya na motsi a cikin lissafin ba.
11. An haɗa tubalan guda biyu da igiya mai sauƙi da ƙarfin kwance F = 20 N (duba hoto). Idan g = 10 ms-2 kuma ma'aunin gogayya tsakanin toshe da saman shine 0,1, yana ƙayyade girman hanzarin toshe...
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
An tambaya: hanzarta (a) na toshe?
Amsa:
12. An shirya toshe A mai nauyin kilogiram 2 da B mai nauyin kilogiram 4 kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton. Idan ma'aunin gogayya na ƙasa ya ninka ma'aunin gogayya na toshe B sau 3, toshe A zai motsa da sauri na mita 5/s.-2Don haka rabon ƙarfin gogayya tsakanin toshe A da bene zuwa tubalan A da B shine… g = 10 m/s2
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
An tambaya:
Kwatanta ƙarfin gogayya na toshe A da bene (f)s A) tare da ƙarfin gogayya na tubalan A da B (fs B)?
Amsa:
13. Kalli hoton da ke gefe! Nauyin kowanne tubali shine m.1 = 2 kg da m2 = 3 kg kuma ba a yi la'akari da nauyin pulley ɗin ba. Idan saman jirgin yana da santsi kuma g = 10 ms-2, to hanzarta tsarin shine ....
A. 0,5 ms-2
B. 2,0 ms-2
C. 2,5 ms-2
D. 4,0 ms-2
E. 6,0 ms-2
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
m1 = 2 kg, m2 = 3 kg, g = 10 ms-2
w2 = m2 g = (3)(10) = kilogiram 30 m/s2 ko kuma Newtons 30
Tambaya: Haɓaka tsarin (a)?
Amsa:
14. An haɗa wani abu mai nauyi ta hanyar igiya da ke ratsawa ta cikin wani santsi mai laushi kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton. Idan m1 = 2 kg, m2 = 3 kg da g = 10 ms-2, to girman ƙarfin tashin hankali na igiya T shine…
A. 10,2 N
B. 13,3 N
C. 15,5 N
D. 18,3 N
E. 24,0 N
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
m1 = 2 kg, m2 = 3 kg, g = 10 ms-2
w1 = (2)(10) = 20 Newton
w2 = (3)(10) = 30 Newton
Tambaya: Menene girman ƙarfin tashin hankali akan igiya (T)?
Amsa:
w2 = 30 Newtons ya fi w girma1 = 20 Newtons saboda haka m2 motsa ƙasa, m1 matsa sama.
Tsarin doka ta biyu ta Newton:
Ƙarfin tashin hankali na igiya?
Dangane da alkiblar motsi na tsarin ko alkiblar hanzarta tsarin, alkiblar ƙarfin nauyi m2 ƙasa, alkiblar ƙarfin tashin hankali na igiya akan m2 zuwa sama:
w2 - T2 = m2 a
30-T2 = (3)(2)
30-T2 = 6
T2 = 30-6
T2 = 24 Newton
Alkiblar nauyi m1 ƙasa, alkiblar ƙarfin tashin hankali na igiya akan m1 zuwa sama:
T1 - w1 = (m1) (a)
T1 – 20 = (2)(2)
T1 - 20 = 4
T1 = 4 + 20
T1 = 24 Newton
Ƙarfin tashin hankali na igiya (T) = T1 = T ba2 = 24 Newtons.
15. An haɗa tubalan guda biyu, kowannensu yana da nauyin kilogiram 4, da igiya da kuma kura kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton. Sama da kura suna da santsi. Idan an ja kurajen B da ƙarfin kwance na N 50, hanzarin kurajen shine… (g = 10 m/s2)
A. 1,25 m/s2
B. 7,5 m/s2
C. 10 m/s2
D. 12,5 m/s2
E. 15 m/s2
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
mA = 4 kg, mB = 4 kg, g = 10 m/s2
wA = (mA)(g) = 4)(10) = 40 Newton
F = 50 Newton
An tambaya: hanzarta tsarin?
Amsa:
Tsarin doka ta biyu ta Newton:
Saurin hanzarin tubalan biyu shine 1,25 m/s2Alkiblar motsi na tubalan biyu = alkiblar ƙarfin taurin F.
16. Duba hoton da ke gefe! Yawan tubalan shine m 1 = 6 kg da m 2 = 4 kg, kuma ana yin watsi da nauyin pulley. Idan saman jirgin yana da santsi kuma g = 10 m s −2 , to hanzarta tsarin shine….
A. 0,5 ms-2
B. 2,0 ms-2
C. 2,5 ms-2
D. 4,0 ms-2
E. 5,0 ms-2
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
m1 = 6 kg, m2 = 4 kg, g = 10 m/s2
w1 = m1 g = (kilogiram 6)(mita 10/s2) = 60 kg m/s2 ko kuma Newtons 60
w2 = m2 g = (kilogiram 4)(mita 10/s2) = 40 kg m/s2 ko kuma Newtons 40
An tambaya: hanzarta tsarin (a)?
Amsa:
m1yana kan santsi, lebur ba tare da gogayya ba don haka tsarin yana motsawa ta hanyar nauyi toshe na 2.
Terapkan Dokar Newton ta biyu :
∑F = ma
w2 = (m1 +m2) da kuma
40 N = (kilogiram 6 + kilogiram 4) a
40 N = (10 kg) a
a = 40 N / 10 kg
a = 4 m/s2
Amsar da ta dace ita ce D.
17. An haɗa tubalan guda biyu, kowannensu yana da nauyin kilogiram 2, da igiya da kuma pulley kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton. Sama da pulley suna da santsi. Idan an ja tubalan B da ƙarfin kwance na 40 N, hanzarin tubalan shine… (g = 10 m/s 2 )
A. 5 m/s2
B. 7,5 m/s2
C. 10 m/s2
D. 12,5 m/s2
E. 15 m/s2
Tattaunawa:
An san cewa:
mA = mB = 2 kg, g = 10 m/s2, F = 40 N
wA = mg = (2)(10) = 20 N
Tambaya: hanzarta toshe (a)?
Amsa:
Saman tubalin yana da santsi, don haka ƙarfin da ke shafar motsin tubalin kawai yake ƙarfi F da nauyin toshe A.
Yi amfani da dokar Newton ta biyu:
∑F = ma
F – wA = (mA +mB) da kuma
40 – 20 = (2 + 2) a
20 = (4) a
a = 20/4
a = 5 m/s2
Amsar da ta dace ita ce A.
Jirgin sama mai karkata
18. Toshe mai nauyin kilogiram 2 yana kan wani santsi mai karkata tare da kusurwar karkata = 30o, don haka toshe yana motsawa tare da saurin gudu akai-akai. Idan g = 10 ms-2, to girman ƙarfin da ke motsa tubalan shine...
A. 5 N
B. 6 N
C. 7 N
D. 8 N
E. 10 N
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
m = 2 kg, g = 10 m/s2, theta = 30o
w = mg = (2)(10) = 20 kg m/s2 = 20N
Tambaya: Wane ƙarfi ne ke motsa tubalan?
Amsa:
Ƙarfin da ke motsa toshe shine wx.
wx = w babu
wx = (20 N)(zunubi 30o)
wx = (20 N)(0,5)
wx = N10.
Ƙarfin da ke motsa tubalan shine Newtons 10.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce E.
19. An haɗa tubalan guda biyu da igiya mai sauƙi da ƙarfin kwance F = 24 N. g = 10 ms-2 kuma saman bene yana da santsi. Girman hanzarin tubalan ta amfani da dokar Newton ta biyu ga kowane abu shine...
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
m1 = 2 kg, m2 = 4 kg, F = 24 N
Tambaya: Menene hanzarin toshe (a)?
Amsa:
Girman saurin toshe shine 4 m/s2.
20. Idan ana cikin lif mai tsayawa, nauyin Sandi shine N500. Saurin gudu saboda nauyi = 10 ms-2Idan lif ɗin ya yi sauri, matsin lamba a cikin igiyar zai zama N750. Don haka, saurin lif ɗin...
A. 5,0 ms-2
B. 7,5 ms-2
C. 10,0 ms-2
D. 12,5 ms-2
E. 15,0 ms-2
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
w = 500 N, g = 10 m/s2, T = 750 N
Tambaya: hanzarta lif (a)?
Amsa:
Matsayin kalmar sirri:
w = mg
500 = m (10)
m = 500/10
m = 50 kg
Ba a san nauyin lif ɗin ba, don haka jimlar nauyin lif ɗin da abubuwan da ke ciki = nauyin lambar.
A bisa ga dokar farko ta Newton, idan lif ɗin har yanzu yana nan to ƙarfin da aka samu = 0.
Ƙarfin matsin lamba na igiya (T) lokacin da ɗagawa ya tsaya = 500 N.
Idan lif ɗin ya yi sauri, ƙarfin matsin lamba na igiya (T) zai zama N 750 ko kuma ya ƙaru da N 250.
Saurin lif ɗin shine 5 m/s2 kuma alkiblar hanzari = alkiblar motsin lif yana sama.
Tushen tambaya:
Tambayoyin Nazarin Fizik na Ƙasa ga Makarantar Sakandare ta Babbar Sakandare/Makarantar Sakandare ta Sana'a
