Misalan 18 na Tambayoyi game da Dokar Iskar Gas Mai Kyau
1. Iskar gas mai kyau a sararin samaniya da farko tana da girma V da zafin jiki T. Idan an dumama iskar gas ta yadda zafin zai canza zuwa 5/4 T kuma matsin ya canza zuwa 2P to girman iskar gas ɗin zai canza zuwa...
Tattaunawa
An sani :
Ƙaramin farko (V)1) = V
Zafin farko (T)1) = T
Zafin ƙarshe (T)2) = 5/4 T
Matsi na farko (P)1) = P
Matsi na ƙarshe (P)2) = 2P
An tambaya : Juzu'i na ƙarshe (V)2)
Jawab :
Girman iskar gas yana canzawa zuwa sau 5/8 na girman farko.
2. Yawan moles 2 na iskar gas a yanayin zafi da matsin lamba na yau da kullun (STP) shine…
Tattaunawa
An sani :
Adadin ƙwayoyin iskar gas (n) = ƙwai 2
Matsakaicin zafin jiki (T) = 0 oC = 0 + 273 = Kelvin 273
Matsakaicin matsin lamba (P) = 1 atm = 1,013 x 105 Pascal
Daidaiton iskar gas na duniya (R) = 8,315 Joules/mol.Kelvin
An tambaya : Yawan iskar gas (V)
Jawab :
Dokar Iskar Gas Mai Kyau (a cikin adadin moles, n)
Yawan moles 2 na iskar gas shine lita 44,8.
Yawan mole 1 na iskar gas shine lita 45,4 / 2 = lita 22,4.
Don haka girman mole 1 na iskar gas, ko iskar oxygen ko helium ko argon ko wani iskar gas, shine lita 22,4.
3. Lita 4 na iskar oxygen a zafin jiki na 27°C a matsin lamba na 2 atm (1 atm = 10)5 Pa) yana cikin akwati. Idan ma'aunin iskar gas na duniya R = 8,314 J.mol-1.K-1 da lambar Avogadro NA 6,02 x 1023 kwayoyin halitta, to adadin kwayoyin iskar oxygen da ke cikin akwati shine...
Tattaunawa
An sani :
Ƙarar iskar gas (V) = lita 4 = 4 dm3 = 4 x10-3 m3
Zafin iskar gas (T) = 27oC = 27 + 273 = Kelvin 300
Matsin iskar gas (P) = 2 atm = 2 x 105 Pascal
Daidaiton iskar gas na duniya (R) = 8,314 J.mol-1.K-1
Lambar Avogadro (N)A= 6,02 x 1023
An tambaya : Adadin ƙwayoyin iskar oxygen a cikin akwati (N)
Jawab :
Boltzmann na yau da kullun :
Dokar Iskar Gas Mai Kyau (a cikin adadin ƙwayoyin halitta, N)
A cikin mole 1 na iskar oxygen, akwai 1,93 x 1023 kwayoyin iskar oxygen.
4. Jirgin ruwa mai dauke da iskar neon (Ne, atom mass = 20 u) a yanayin zafi da matsin lamba na yau da kullun (STP) yana da girman mita 2.3Kayyade nauyin iskar neon!
An sani :
Nauyin atomic na Neon = gram 20/mol = 0,02 kg/mol
Matsakaicin zafin jiki (T) = 0oC = 273 Kelvin
Matsakaicin matsin lamba (P) = 1 atm = 1,013 x 105 Pascal
Ƙara (V) = 2 m3
An tambaya : nauyi (m) na iskar neon
Jawab :
A yanayin zafi da matsin lamba na yau da kullun (STP), mole 1 na kowace iskar gas, gami da iskar neon, yana da girman lita 22,4 = 22,4 dm3 = 0,0448 m3Saboda haka, a cikin juzu'i na mita 23 Nawa neon mole na iskar gas yake a wurin?
A cikin girman mita 23 akwai mole 44,6 na iskar neon.
Matsakaicin nauyin atomic na iskar neon shine gram 20/mol. Wannan yana nufin cewa mole 1 ya ƙunshi gram 20 ko 0,02 kg na iskar neon. Tunda mole 1 ya ƙunshi 0,02 kg na iskar neon, mole 44,6 ya ƙunshi (moles 44,6) (0,02 kg/mol) = 0,892 kg = gram 892 na iskar neon.
5. Tambayoyin Jarrabawar Ƙasa ta SMA/MA ta 2017 Mai Lamba 22
Ana sanya iskar gas mai kyau a cikin akwati mai rufewa, kuma ana rage girmanta a matsakaicin zafin jiki. Yanzu matsin lamba na iskar gas…
A. Sau 4 na asali
B. Sau 2 kuma
C. Sau 1 kuma
D. Sau 1/2 na asali
E. 1/4 na asali
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Ƙarar farko = V
Ƙarar ƙarshe = 1/2 V
Matsi na farko = P
Zafin jiki mai ɗorewa
An tambaya: Matsi na ƙarshe
Amsa:
P1 V1 /T1 =P2 V2 /T2 —–> Zafin jiki mai ɗorewa (T)
P1 V1 =P2 V2
P V =P2 (1/2 V)
P =P2 (1 / 2)
2P =P2
Matsin iskar gas ya ninka sau biyu.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce B.
6. 2015/2016 Jarrabawar Ƙasa ta SMA/MA Physics Tambaya Mai Lamba 21
Kula da bayanin da ke ƙasa!
(1) Kowace ƙwayar cuta koyaushe tana motsawa zuwa wani takamaiman alkibla
(2) Ana yaɗa ƙwayoyin iskar gas a ko'ina cikin ɗakin.
(3) Ana iya yin watsi da girman barbashin iskar gas idan aka kwatanta da girman akwatin.
(4) Kowace karo da ƙwayoyin iskar gas da ke faruwa tana da cikakkiyar roba.
(5) Ana la'akari da ƙarfin jan hankali tsakanin ƙwayoyin cuta.
Bayanin da ya yi daidai da halayen iskar gas mai kyau shine…
A. (1) da (3) kawai
B. (2) da (4) kawai
C. (1), (2) da (3) kawai
D. (2), (3) da (4)
E. (3), (4) da (5)
Tattaunawa
Maganganun da suka dace sune 1, 2, 3, da 4.
7. 2015/2016 Jarrabawar Ƙasa ta SMA/MA Physics Tambaya Mai Lamba 21
Ga abubuwan da suka shafi iskar gas:
(1) Ƙwayoyin halitta suna tafiya a layi madaidaiciya a gudun da ba a saba gani ba.
(2) Haɗuwa tsakanin ƙwayoyin cuta yana sa ƙwayoyin su rasa ɗan kuzari.
(3) Ana yaɗa ƙwayoyin iskar gas daidai gwargwado a cikin ɗakin.
(4) Dokokin motsi na Newton sun shafi ƙwayoyin iskar gas na monatomic ne kawai.
(5) Tazarar lokacin da ake buƙata don karo tsakanin ƙwayoyin cuta yana da ɗan gajeren lokaci.
Daga waɗannan maganganun, halayen iskar gas masu kyau sun haɗa da...
A. (1), (2), (5)
B. (1), (3), (5)
C. (2), (3), (4)
D. (2), (4), (5)
E. (3), (4), (5)
Tattaunawa
Maganganun da suka dace sune 1, 3, da 5.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce B.
8. 2015/2016 Jarrabawar Ƙasa ta SMA/MA Physics Tambaya Mai Lamba 21
(1) Iskar gas ta ƙunshi ƙwayoyin da aka rarraba daidai gwargwado.
(2) Haɗuwar ƙwayoyin cuta da bangon yana da matuƙar roba.
(3) Tazarar lokaci tsakanin karo tsakanin barbashi gajere ne.
(4) Yawan iskar gas yana da girma sosai idan aka kwatanta da akwatin da ke cikinsa.
(5) Dokokin Newton ba su shafi ƙwayoyin halitta ba saboda girmansu ƙanƙanta ne.
Bayanin da ya dace shine…
A. (1), (2), da (3)
B. (1), (2), da (4)
C. (1), (3), da (5)
D. (2), (3), da (5)
E. (3, (4), da (5)
Tattaunawa
Maganganun da suka dace sune 1, 2, da 3.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce A.
9. 2015/2016 Jarrabawar Ƙasa ta SMA/MA Physics Tambaya Mai Lamba 22
Iskar gas mai kyau da farko tana mamaye sarari mai girma V a zafin jiki T da matsin lamba P. Idan aka dumama iskar gas ta yadda zafinta zai zama 3/2 T kuma matsin lambarsa 4/3 P, to girman iskar gas ɗin zai zama...
A. 9/8 V
B. 9/5 V
C. 5/3 V
D. 4/3 V
E. 3/2 V
Tattaunawa
An sani :
Ƙaramin farko (V)1) = V
Zafin farko (T)1) = T
Matsi na farko (P)1) = P
Zafin ƙarshe (T)2) = 3/2 T
Matsi na ƙarshe (P)2) = 4/3 P
An tambaya : Juzu'i na ƙarshe (V)2)
Jawab :
Amsar da ta dace ita ce A.
10. 2015/2016 Jarrabawar Ƙasa ta SMA/MA Physics Tambaya Mai Lamba 22
Iskar gas mai kyau tana mamaye sararin samaniya mai girman V.1 a zafin jiki T1 da matsin lamba P1Sannan a dumama har sai yawan iskar gas ya zama 4/3 V1 kuma matsin ya zama 5/2 P1Rabon yanayin zafi na gas na ƙarshe da iskar gas ta farko shine...
A. 10: 5
B. 10: 3
C. 5: 10
D. 3: 10
E. 1: 8
Tattaunawa
An sani :
Ƙarar farko = V1
Zafin farko = T1
Matsi na farko = P1
Ƙarar ƙarshe = 4 / 3 V1
Matsi na ƙarshe = 5/2 P1
An tambaya : Kwatanta zafin ƙarshe da zafin farko
Jawab :
Lissafa zafin ƙarshe:
Amsar da ta dace ita ce B.
11. Jimillar lita 3 na iskar gas ta Argon a zafin jiki na 27°C a matsin lamba na 1 atm (1 atm = 10)5 Pa) yana cikin bututu. Idan ma'aunin iskar gas na duniya R = 8,314 J.mol-1.K-1 kuma adadin barbashi a cikin mole 1 na iskar gas shine 6,02 x 1023 barbashi, to adadin barbashi na iskar Argon da ke cikin bututun shine...
A. 0,83 x 10 23 barbashi
B. 0,72 x 10 23 barbashi
C. 0,42 x 10 23 barbashi
D. 0,22 x 10 23 barbashi
E. 0,12 x 10 23 barbashi
Tattaunawa
An sani :
Ƙarar iskar gas = lita 3 = 3 dm3 = 3 x10-3 m3
Zafin iskar gas = 27oC + 273 = 300 K
Matsin iskar gas = 1 atm = 105 Pa
Daidaiton iskar gas na duniya (R) = 8,314 J.mol-1 .K-1
Lambar Avogadro (N)A= 6,02 x 1023 ƙwayoyin halitta/mol
An tambaya : adadin barbashin iskar argon a cikin bututun
Jawab :
12. Iskar gas mai kyau tana cikin rufaffen jirgin ruwa mai matsin lamba P, girma V, da zafin jiki T. Idan a wani lokaci zafin jiki ya canza zuwa 2T, kuma girman ya koma 3/2 V, to rabon matsin lamba na farko (P)1) tare da matsin lamba na ƙarshe (P2) bayan an canza V da T shine….
A. 1: 3
B. 1: 2
C. 2: 3
D. 3: 4
E. 4: 3
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Matsi na farko (P)1) = P
Ƙaramin farko (V)1) = V
Ƙarar ƙarshe (V)2) = 3/2 V
Zafin farko (T)1) = T
Zafin ƙarshe (T)2) = 2T
An tambaya: Kwatanta matsin lamba na farko (P)1) da matsin lamba na ƙarshe (P2)
Amsa:
Kwatanta matsin lamba na farko da na ƙarshe:
P1 :P2
P: 4P/3
1: 4/3
3 (1): (3) 4/3
3: 4
Amsar da ta dace ita ce D.
13. Iskar oxygen mai girman V, zafin jiki T, da matsin lamba P suna cikin silinda da bawul ya rufe. Lokacin da aka danna bawul ɗin, girman iskar oxygen ya zama 3/4 V kuma zafin jiki ya zama 3/2 T, to rabon matsin lamba na farko da matsin lamba na ƙarshe na iskar gas shine….
A. P1 :P2 = 1: 2
B. P1 :P2 = 2: 3
C.P1 :P2 = 3: 2
D.P1 :P2 = 3: 4
E.P1 :P2 = 4: 3
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Matsi na farko (P)1) = P
Ƙaramin farko (V)1) = V
Ƙarar ƙarshe (V)2) = 3/4 V
Zafin farko (T)1) = T
Zafin ƙarshe (T)2) = 3/2 T
An tambaya: Kwatanta matsin lamba na farko (P)1) da matsin lamba na ƙarshe (P2)
Amsa:
Kwatanta matsin lamba na farko da na ƙarshe:
P1 :P2
1: 2
Amsar da ta dace ita ce A.
14. Kula da jadawalin dangantakar da ke tsakanin yawan taro (ρ) da kuma girma (V) na waɗannan iskar gas!
Iskar gas guda biyu da suke da nauyi iri ɗaya sune…
Tattaunawa
Tsarin yawan amfani:
Yawan yawa (ρ) = nauyi (m) / Ƙara (V)
Nauyi (m) = yawa (ρ) x Girman (V)
1) m = (0,8)(2) = 1,6 kg
2) m = (0,8)(4) = 3,2 kg
3) m = (0,4)(4) = 1,6 kg
4) m = (0,4)(5) = 2 kg
5) m = (0,8)(5) = 4 kg
Guda biyu na iskar gas da suke da nauyi iri ɗaya sune 1 da 3.
15. Iskar gas mai kyau tana cikin wani akwati mai rufewa mai matsin lamba P, girma V, da zafin jiki T. Idan a wani lokaci aka canza zafin jiki zuwa 2T, kuma girman ya koma 3/2 V, to rabon matsin lamba na farko (P)1) tare da matsin lamba na ƙarshe (P2) bayan an canza V da T shine….
A. 1: 3
B. 1: 2
C. 2: 3
D. 3: 4
E. 4: 3
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Matsi na farko (P)1) = P
Ƙaramin farko (V)1) = V
Ƙarar ƙarshe (V)2) = 3/2 V
Zafin farko (T)1) = T
Zafin ƙarshe (T)2) = 2T
An tambaya: Kwatanta matsin lamba na farko (P)1) da matsin lamba na ƙarshe (P2)
Amsa:
Kwatanta matsin lamba na farko da na ƙarshe:
P1 :P2
P: 4P/3
1: 4/3
3 (1): (3) 4/3
3: 4
Amsar da ta dace ita ce D.
16. Iskar oxygen mai girman V, zafin jiki T, da matsin lamba P suna cikin silinda da bawul ya rufe. Lokacin da aka danna bawul ɗin, girman iskar oxygen ya zama 3/4 V kuma zafin jiki ya zama 3/2 T, to rabon matsin lamba na farko da matsin lamba na ƙarshe na iskar gas shine….
A. P1 :P2 = 1: 2
B. P1 :P2 = 2: 3
C.P1 :P2 = 3: 2
D.P1 :P2 = 3: 4
E.P1 :P2 = 4: 3
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Matsi na farko (P)1) = P
Ƙaramin farko (V)1) = V
Ƙarar ƙarshe (V)2) = 3/4 V
Zafin farko (T)1) = T
Zafin ƙarshe (T)2) = 3/2 T
An tambaya: Kwatanta matsin lamba na farko (P)1) da matsin lamba na ƙarshe (P2)
Amsa:
Kwatanta matsin lamba na farko da na ƙarshe:
P1 :P2
P: 2P
1: 2
Amsar da ta dace ita ce A.
17. Lita 2 na iskar oxygen (O2) zafin jiki 30 oC a matsin lamba na 1 atm (1 atm = 10)5 Pa) yana cikin bututu. Idan daidaitaccen iskar gas na duniya, R = 8,314 J mol-1 K-1 kuma adadin kwayoyin halitta a cikin mole 1 na iskar gas shine 6,02 x 1023 kwayoyin halitta, sannan adadin kwayoyin iskar oxygen (O2) a cikin bututun yana…
A. 0,8 x 1023 kwayoyin halitta
B. 0,7 x 1023 kwayoyin halitta
C. 0,5 x 1023 kwayoyin halitta
D. 0,2 x 1023 kwayoyin halitta
E. 0,1 x 1023 kwayoyin halitta
Tattaunawa:
An sani :
VO2 = lita 2 = 2 dm3 = 2 x10-3 m3
T = 30 + 273 = 303 K
PATM = 105 Ba = 105 N / m2
NA = 6,02 x1023 kwayoyin halitta/mol (Lambar Avogadro)
R = 8,314 J mol-1 K-1
k = R/NA = 8,314/6,02 x 1023 = 1,38 x10-23 J/K
Nauyin ƙwayoyin halitta na O2 = gram 32/mol = kilogiram 32/mol
An tambaya :
Adadin ƙwayoyin iskar oxygen (O2)
Jawab :
PV = NkT
Bayani: P = matsin lamba, V = girma, N = adadin kwayoyin halitta, k = Boltzmann constant
(105 N / m2)(2 x 10-3 m3) = N(1,38 x 10-23 J/K)(303 K)
Amsar da ta dace ita ce C.
18. Girman gram 2 na iskar oxygen O2 (Mr = 32) a ƙarƙashin yanayi na yau da kullun (T = 0 oC da P = 1 atm) shine…. R = 8,314 J/mol K, 1 atm = 105 Pa) shine…
A. 1,4 m3
B. 2,0 m3
C. mita 2,33
D. 2,5 m3
E. 3,0 m3
Tattaunawa:
An sani :
Mass O2 = gram 2
Nauyin kwayoyin halitta (Mr) O2 = gram 32/mol
T = 0 + 273 = 273 K
P=105 N / m2
R = 8.314 J/mol K
An tambaya :
Ƙarar?
Jawab :
Tushen tambaya:
Tambayoyin Nazarin Fizik na Ƙasa ga Makarantar Sakandare ta Babbar Sakandare/Makarantar Sakandare ta Sana'a
