Ana iya ƙayyade saurin yaɗuwar raƙuman ruwa ta amfani da dabarar gabaɗaya:
Bayanin dabara:
v = saurin yaɗuwar raƙuman ruwa (raka'a mita ne/daƙiƙa)
T = lokacin raƙuman ruwa = lokacin da ake buƙata don raƙuman ruwa su yi tafiya a tsawon tsayi ɗaya (raka'a daƙiƙa ne)
f = mita = adadin tsawon raƙuman ruwa da suka wuce maki ɗaya a cikin daƙiƙa ɗaya (naúrar ita ce 1 / daƙiƙa = hertz)
lambda = tsawon rai (raka'a mita ne)
Daga ina dabarar da ke sama ta fito? Wataƙila za ka tuna dabarar saurin v = s / t, inda v = saurin, s = nisa da aka yi tafiya, da kuma t = tazara ta lokaci. Wannan ita ce dabarar saurin abu, kamar yadda aka yi nazari a cikin batun motsi na layi.
Idan aka daidaita shi da motsin raƙuman ruwa, nisan da aka yi tafiya iri ɗaya ne da tsawon raƙuman ruwa, tazara tsakanin lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi daidai yake da lokacin (T = 1/f) ko mita (f = 1/T).
Saurin yaɗuwar igiyar ruwa a kan igiya
Raƙuman ruwa da ke yaɗuwa a kan igiyoyi ko igiyoyi raƙuman ruwa ne masu wucewa, waɗanda aka ƙididdige ta amfani da dabarar:
Bayanin dabara:
v = saurin igiyar (raka'a mita ne/daƙiƙa)
F = ƙarfin tashin hankali na igiya (raka'a kg m/s2 (aka Newton)
Myu = yawan taro na kirtani = nauyi a kowace raka'a tsawon kirtani (raka'o'i kilogiram/mita ne)
Bisa ga dabarar da ke sama, an kammala da cewa saurin raƙuman igiya ya dogara ne akan ƙarfin tashin hankali na igiyar da kuma nauyin kowace raka'a tsawon igiyar. Yadda ake samun wannan dabarar za a iya koya ta hanyar samo dabarar. Saurin yaɗuwar igiya a kan igiya.
Gudun raƙuman sauti
Raƙuman sauti raƙuman ruwa ne masu tsayi waɗanda ke yaɗuwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa da raƙuman sauti za su iya tafiya ta cikinsu, ciki har da iska, ruwa, bango, da sauransu. Saurin yaɗuwar raƙuman sauti ya dogara ne da halayen hanyoyin da suke tafiya ta cikinsu, kamar yadda saurin yaɗuwar raƙuman ruwa masu wucewa a cikin igiya ya dogara ne da halayen igiyar.
Idan raƙuman sauti suna tafiya ta cikin ruwa kamar iska ko ruwa, ana ƙididdige saurin sauti ta amfani da dabarar
Bayanin dabara:
v = saurin raƙuman sauti
B = girman modules
rho = yawa
Idan raƙuman sauti suna yaɗuwa ta cikin dogon sanda mai ƙarfi, ana ƙididdige saurin sauti ta amfani da dabarar
Bayanin dabara:
Y = Tsarin Young
Gudun raƙuman lantarki
Gudun raƙuman lantarki (gudun raƙuman haske) shine 3,00 x 108 m/s.
Saurin yaɗuwar raƙuman ruwa a kan igiya
Abubuwan da ke tasiri ga saurin raƙuman ruwa masu wucewa a cikin igiyoyi
Gudun igiyar lantarki ya dogara ne kawai akan halayen tsakiyar da yake tafiya ta ciki. Gudun igiyar ruwa ya dogara ne akan yanayin teku, saurin igiyar sauti ya dogara ne akan yanayin iskar da suke wucewa ta ciki. Hakanan, saurin igiyar ruwa a cikin igiya ya dogara ne akan halayen igiyar. Don fayyace wannan, da farko yi gwaje-gwajen da ke binciken abubuwan da ke tasiri ga saurin raƙuman ruwa a kan igiyoyi.
Dangane da gwaje-gwajen da aka gudanar, an kammala da cewa saurin igiyar ruwa a kan igiya ya dogara ne da ƙarfin tashin hankali a kan igiyar da kuma tsawon nauyin da ke kan kowane raka'a na igiyar. Girman ƙarfin tashin hankali (yadda igiyar ta yi tsauri), da sauri igiyar ke motsawa. Akasin haka, girman nauyin igiyar, haka nan jinkirin motsi na igiyar.
Cire dabarar saurin raƙuman ruwa masu wucewa a cikin igiyoyi
Cire dabarar saurin raƙuman ruwa akan igiyoyi shaida ce ta lissafi ta abubuwan da ke tasiri ga saurin yaduwar raƙuman ruwa akan igiyoyi.
Ka yi la'akari da wani gindin igiya ko bugun da ke motsawa zuwa dama ta cikin igiya (hoton sama). An faɗaɗa hoton bugun, tare da hoton ƙarfin tashin hankali na igiya F da ke aiki akan igiyar da saman igiyar ke wucewa (hoton ƙasa).
An bayyana kowace ƙarfin tashin hankali na kirtani (F) a cikin alkiblar kwance (F)x) da kuma alkiblar tsaye (Fy) Dukansu ƙarfi Fx suna da girma iri ɗaya da alkibla iri ɗaya don haka suna soke juna. Madadin haka akwai ƙarfin F guda biyuy zuwa tsakiyar da'irar.
Girman kowane ƙarfi a tsaye (F)y):
Ƙarfin da aka samu zuwa tsakiyar da'irar
Taron taro na String
Dokar motsi ta biyu ta Newton don motsi mai zagaye iri ɗaya
Bayanin dabara:
v = saurin raƙuman ruwa a kan igiyar (m/s)
F = ƙarfin tashin hankali na igiya (Newton)
myu = yawan taro na kirtani = nauyi a kowane raka'a tsawon kirtani (kg/m)
Dangane da lissafin da ke sama, za a iya kammala da cewa saurin raƙuman ruwa yana daidai da matsin lamba akan igiyar kuma yana daidai da nauyin kowane raka'a tsawon igiyar. Saboda haka, yayin da igiyar ta taurare, haka nan saurin raƙuman ruwa, da kuma girman nauyin igiyar, haka nan raƙuman ruwa ke raguwa.
