Ilimin Lissafi na Makarantar Sakandare

Kafin ka yi nazarin dabarar ruwan tabarau mai siffar convex, ka fara fahimtar ƙa'idodin alamun ruwan tabarau masu siffar convex masu zuwa.

Dokokin Alamar Ruwan tabarau Masu Lanƙwasa
- Nisa (s) na abu
Idan aka wuce wani abu ta cikinsa, hasken zai shigo. Nisa tsakanin abu da abu an yi masa alama mai kyau.
- Nisa tsakanin hotuna (s)
Idan haske ya ratsa ta cikin inuwar to Nisa tsakanin inuwa da inuwa an yi masa alama mai kyau (hoto na gaske). Idan hoton bai wuce ta hanyar hasken haske ba to Nisa tsakanin inuwa da inuwa Alamar korau (hoton kama-da-wane).

Karin bayani

Kafin ka samo dabarar ruwan tabarau mai siffar ƙwallo, da farko ka fahimci wasu ƙa'idodi don alamun ruwan tabarau mai siffar ƙwallo.

Dokar Alamar Ruwan Lens Mai Lanƙwasa
- Nisa (s) na abu
Idan abin yana gefen ruwan tabarau ɗaya da alkiblar da hasken ke fitowa to, to Nisa tsakanin abu da abu an yi masa alama mai kyau.
- Nisa tsakanin hotuna (s)
Idan haske ya ratsa ta cikin inuwar to Nisa tsakanin inuwa da inuwa an yi masa alama mai kyau (hoto na gaske). Idan hoton bai wuce ta hanyar hasken haske ba to Nisa tsakanin inuwa da inuwa Alamar korau (hoton kama-da-wane).

Karin bayani

Kafin a sake duba tsarin madubin da ke kewaye da madubi, da farko a fahimci wasu ƙa'idodi game da alamun madubi mai kewaye.

Dokokin Alamar Madubin Convex
- Nisa (s) na abu
Idan wani abu yana gaban madubi wanda ke nuna haske, inda haske ke ratsawa ta cikin abin, to Nisa tsakanin abu da abu (S) yana da kyau.
- Nisa tsakanin hotuna (s)
Idan inuwar tana gaban madubi wanda ke nuna haske, inda hasken ke ratsawa ta cikin inuwar, to Nisa tsakanin inuwa da inuwa (s') yana da kyau (hoto na gaske). Idan hoton yana bayan saman madubi wanda ke nuna haske, inda haske bai ratsa ta cikin hoton ba, to Nisa tsakanin inuwa da inuwa yana da kyau (hoton kama-da-wane).

Karin bayani

Kafin ka samo dabarar madubi mai lanƙwasa, da farko ka fahimci wasu ƙa'idodi na alamun madubi mai lanƙwasa.

Dokokin Alamar Madubin Concave
- Nisa (s) na abu
Idan wani abu yana gaban madubi wanda ke nuna haske to Nisa tsakanin abu da abu (S) yana da kyau.
- Nisa tsakanin hotuna (s)
Idan inuwar tana gaban madubi wanda ke nuna haske, inda hasken ke ratsawa ta cikin inuwar, to Nisa tsakanin inuwa da inuwa (s') yana da kyau (hoto na gaske). Idan hoton yana bayan saman madubi wanda ke nuna haske, inda haske bai ratsa ta cikin hoton ba, to Nisa tsakanin inuwa da inuwa yana da kyau (hoton kama-da-wane).

Karin bayani

Idan wani abu yana gefe ɗaya na ruwan tabarau mai siffar ƙwallo, ruwan tabarau mai siffar ƙwallo zai iya samar da hoton wannan abu. Idan an san matsayin abin a gefe ɗaya na ruwan tabarau mai siffar ƙwallo, ta yaya za a zana siffar wannan abu? Don fayyace wannan, a ce wani abu yana gefen hagu na ruwan tabarau mai siffar ƙwallo kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa.

Karin bayani

Idan wani abu yana gefe ɗaya na ruwan tabarau mai siffar ƙwallo, ruwan tabarau mai siffar ƙwallo zai iya samar da hoton abin. Idan an san matsayin abin a gefe ɗaya na ruwan tabarau mai siffar ƙwallo, ta yaya za a zana siffar abin? Don fayyace wannan, a ce wani abu yana gefen hagu na ruwan tabarau mai siffar ƙwallo kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa.

Karin bayani

Idan aka sanya wani abu a gaban madubi mai lanƙwasa wanda ke nuna haske, madubin mai lanƙwasa zai samar da hoton abin. Idan an san nisan abin daga madubin mai lanƙwasa, ta yaya za a zana siffar abin? Don fayyace wannan, a ce an sanya wani abu a gaban madubi mai lanƙwasa kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa.

Karin bayani

Idan aka sanya wani abu a gaban madubi mai siffar ƙwallo wanda ke nuna haske, madubin mai siffar ƙwallo zai samar da hoton abin. Idan an san matsayin abin a gaban madubin mai siffar ƙwallo, ta yaya za a zana siffar abin? Don fayyace wannan, a ce an sanya wani abu a gaban madubi mai siffar ƙwallo kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa.

Karin bayani

Misalai 5 na tambayoyin ruwan tabarau masu ratsa jiki

1. Tsawon ruwan tabarau mai siffar convex (ruwan tabarau mai siffar converging) shine 15 cm. Akwai wani abu mai tsawon cm 5 a gefen hagu na ruwan tabarau. A tantance nisan hoton, girman hoton, tsayin hoton da kuma halayen hoton idan abin ya kai cm 5 daga ruwan tabarau mai siffar convex.
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Tsawon maƙasudi (f) = 15 cm
Tsawon ruwan tabarau mai siffar convex yana da kyau saboda ana wucewa ta wurin hasken haske ko kuma ainihin abin da ke cikin ruwan tabarau mai siffar convex.
Tsawon abu (h) = 5 cm
Nisa (s) na abu = 5 cm

Karin bayani

1. Tsawon mai da hankali na ruwan tabarau mai lanƙwasa (ruwan tabarau masu nutsewa) 30 cm. Akwai wani abu mai tsayin cm 5 a gefen hagu na ruwan tabarau. Kayyade nisan hoton, girman hoton, tsayin hoton da halayen hoton idan abin yana da nisan cm 15 daga ruwan tabarau mai lanƙwasa.
Tattaunawa
An sani :
Tsawon maƙasudi (f) = -30 cm
Tsawon firikwensin ruwan tabarau mai siffar ƙwallo yana da kyau saboda hasken ba ya ratsawa ta cikin ruwan tabarau mai siffar ƙwallo ko kuma yana kama da na kama-da-wane.
Tsawon abu (h) = 5 cm
Nisa (s) na abu = 15 cm

Karin bayani