محاسبه مصرف انرژی الکتریکی توسط ابزارهای برقی - مشکلات و راه حل ها
1. در یک خانه، ۵ لامپ ۲۵ وات وجود دارد که ۱۴ ساعت در روز استفاده میشوند، یک یخچال ۲۰۰ وات ۲۴ ساعت در روز استفاده میشود و یک پمپ آب ۱۲۵ وات ۸ ساعت در روز استفاده میشود. قیمت چقدر است؟ انرژی الکتریکی به مدت یک ماه (30 روز) استفاده شده؟
شناخته شده:
توان لامپ = 5(25) = 125 وات و زمان استفاده = 14 ساعت ضربدر 30 = 420 ساعت
قدرت یخچال = ۲۰۰ وات و زمان استفاده = ۲۴ ساعت ضربدر ۳۰ = ۷۲۰ ساعت
توان پمپ آب = ۱۲۵ وات و زمان استفاده = ۸ ساعت ضربدر ۳۰ = ۲۴۰ ساعت
مورد نظر: Electrical energy used for a month
راه حل :
Electric energy = برق x time interval
Energy (lamp) = (125 Watt)(420 hours) = 52,500 Watt jam = 52,5 kilo Watt hours
Energy (refrigerator) = (200 Watt)(720 hours) = 144,000 Watt jam = 144 kilo Watt hours
Energy (water pump) = (125 Watt)(240 hours) = 30,000 Watt jam = 30 kilo Watt hours
Electrical energy used for a month = 52,5 + 144 + 30 = 226,5 kilo Watt hour = 226,5 kilo Watt hour = ۸۸.۱ کیلووات ساعت
2. A house using electrical tools as listed in the following table.
How much electrical energy is used for 1 month (30 days)?
شناخته شده:
Power of lamp = 4 x 10 Watt = 40 Watt and time of use = 10 hours x 30 = 300 hours
Power of TV = 1 x 100 Watt = 100 Watt and time of use = 10 hours x 30 = 300 hours
Power of iron = 1 x 300 Watt = 300 Watt and time of use = 2 hours x 30 = 60 hours
مورد نظر: Electrical energy is used for 1 month
راه حل :
Electric energy = electric power x time
Energy used by lamp = (40 Watt)(300 hours) = 12,000 Watt hours = 12 kilo Watt hours = 12 kWh
Energy used by TV = (100 Watt)(300 hours) = 30,000 Watt hours = 30 kilo Watt hours = 30 kWh
Energy used by iron = (300 Watt)(60 hours) = 18,000 Watt hours = 18 kilo Watt hours = 18 kWh
Total energy = 12 kWh + 30 kWh + 18 kWh = 60 kWh.
3.
The electrical energy used by the above three electrical tools is…
الف. ۲۵۰ ژول
ب. ۸ ژول
ج. ۱۶ ژول
دی. ۴۸ ژول
راه حل
Electric power of TV :
P = V I = (220 Volt)(0.3 Ampere) = 66 Volt Ampere = 66 Watt = 66 Joule/second
Electric power of computer :
P = V I = (220 Volt)(0.4 Ampere) = 88 Volt Ampere = 88 Watt = 88 Joule/second
Electric power of water pump :
P = V I = (220 Volt)(0.5 Ampere) = 110 Volt Ampere = 110 Watt = 110 Joule/second
فاصله زمانی:
10 hours = 10 x 3600 seconds = 36,000 seconds
6 hours = 6 x 3600 seconds = 21600 seconds
4 hours = 4 x 3600 seconds = 14400 seconds
Electric energy = electric power x time
Electric energy used by TV = 66 Joule/second x ثانیه 36,000 = ۴.۱۸۶ ژول
Electric energy used by computer = 88 Joule/second x ثانیه 21,600 = ۴.۱۸۶ ژول
Electric energy used by water pump = 110 Joule/seconds x ثانیه 14,400 = ۴.۱۸۶ ژول
Total electric energy :
۲,۳۷۶,۰۰۰ ژول + ۱,۹۰۰,۸۰۰ ژول + ۱,۵۸۴,۰۰۰ ژول = ۵,۸۶۰,۸۰۰ ژول
4. A family uses electrical energy for a month (30 days) for tools as in the following table!
Electric power of washing machine, TV and AC are…
راه حل :
Electric energy of washing machine = 12 kWh = 12,000 Watt hour, time of use = 2 hours x 30 = 60 hours
Electric energy of TV = 19.2 kWh = 19,200 Watt hour, time of use = 8 hours x 30 = 240 hours
Electric energy of AC = 72 kWh = 72,000 Watt hour, time of use = 6 hours x 30 = 180 hours
Electric power = electric energy / time
Electric power of washing machine = 12,000 Watt hour / 60 hours = 200 Watt
Electric power TV = 19,200 Watt hour / 240 hours = 80 Watt
Electric power AC = 72,000 Watt hour / 180 hours = 400 Watt
